2011中考英語(yǔ)考前錯(cuò)題本 (s字母篇)
safe ?。壅`] The brave man safed the boy from drowning. [正] The brave man saved the boy from drowning. ?。畚觯?nbsp;safe是形容詞,如: They wished him a safe journey. safely是副詞,如: The young man drives his car safely. 而safety是名詞,如: safety island(安全島),Safety first!(安全第一!)但save是動(dòng)詞。 same [誤] Yesterday I got a postcard. It is th e same that you got the day before yesterday. ?。壅?nbsp;Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same as you got the day before yesterday. [析] the same that意為"即是",而the same as才能譯為"像……一樣的。" ?。壅`] Your book is not same as mine. ?。壅?nbsp;Your book is not the same as mine. ?。畚觯?nbsp;the same as中的定冠詞不能少。 say [誤] His report wrote she is nineteen. ?。壅?nbsp;His report says she is nineteen. ?。畚觯?nbsp;中文中常講"報(bào)告上寫到"、"信上寫到",這樣的"寫"在英文中要用say. say speak talk tell 英文中"說(shuō)"一般有四個(gè)詞,其中say和tell為及物動(dòng)詞。tell可以加雙賓語(yǔ),如Please tell me a story. 而speak 與talk為不及物動(dòng)詞。speak只有后面直接加"語(yǔ)言"時(shí)才是及物的,如: Please speak English. 請(qǐng)看下句: He went on talking for a long time, but he spoke so fast that few of us could catch what he said. sea [誤] As a boy his great ambition(抱負(fù)) was to go to the sea. ?。壅?nbsp;As a boy his great ambition was to go to sea. ?。畚觯?nbsp;go to sea為"去當(dāng)水手、海員";而go to the sea=go to the seaside, 如: He want to go to the sea for his vacation. 在"海中"游泳為in the sea; at sea為在"海上航行",如: I have a brother at sea. by sea為"坐船"、"由海路運(yùn)輸",如: We travelled to New York by sea. second ?。壅`] I want to learn the second foreign language. [正] I want to learn a second foreign language. ?。畚觯?nbsp;當(dāng)作為"第二"外語(yǔ),"再增加一個(gè)"時(shí),不要用the secon d而要用a second. the second強(qiáng)調(diào)排隊(duì)的次序,a second強(qiáng)調(diào)再增加一個(gè)。 see ?。壅`] He was seen leave the room. ?。壅?nbsp;He was seen to leave the room. [析] see作主動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí)用作to see so mebody do something, 而用作被動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí)則是somebody to be seen to do something. 要注意慣用法let me see(讓我想想)。 sheep ?。壅`] There are five sheeps on the grass. ?。壅?nbsp;There are five sheep on the grass. [析] sheep是單、復(fù)數(shù)同形名詞,其他的還有: deer(鹿),fish(魚)等。 ship ?。壅`] I travelled on a yacht. [正] I travelled on a ship (in a yacht). ?。畚觯?nbsp;雖然都是船,但游艇(yacht)要用in, 而ship要用on. sick ?。壅`] The littl e boy was a ill boy. [正] The little boy was a sick boy. ?。畚觯?nbsp;sick與ill作表語(yǔ)時(shí)都表示"有病"之意,如: He feels ill. 或He feels sick. 都對(duì),但作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則只能用sick. since ?。壅`] He is living in Greece since 1978. ?。壅?nbsp;He has lived in Greece since 1978. [正] He has been living in Greece since 1978. ?。畚觯?nbsp; 由since引出的狀語(yǔ)從句意為"自從"某時(shí)一直如何,主句要用完成時(shí)或完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 [誤] She has been quite different since came back from America. [正] She has been quite different since coming back from America. ?。畚觯?nbsp;分詞短語(yǔ)可以用在after, before, since等介詞后面。 sleep ?。壅`] The boy was very asleep. [正] The boy was fast asleep. ?。畚觯?nbsp; 熟睡在英文中為fast asleep. 非 正式英語(yǔ)中一般不常用He's sleeping. 而常講He's asleep. 其形容詞sleepy是"困倦的",如: I shall go to bed now. I'm so sleepy. "臥鋪"英國(guó)人講sleeping car,而美國(guó)人講sleeper. slow ?。壅`] Slow the door opened. ?。壅?nbsp;Slowly the door opened. ?。畚觯?nbsp;slow與slowly的用法與意思相同,在口語(yǔ)中和路標(biāo)中多用slow,如: Tell him to drive slower. Slow, dangerous bend. 但是如果用在動(dòng)詞前還是要用slowly. smile [誤] She smiled to me. ?。壅?nbsp;She smiled a t me. ?。畚觯?nbsp;"沖著某人笑"應(yīng)為to smile at somebody. so [誤] It is such beautiful a book that every child like s it. ?。壅?nbsp;It is such a beautiful book that every child likes it. ?。壅?nbsp;It is so beautiful a book that every child likes it. [析] 關(guān)于so與such用法的區(qū)別有四種情況: ① 用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前,其 格式為"such+不定冠詞+形容詞+名詞",而"so+形容詞+不定冠詞"。② 用于可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前,只能用 such,如: It is such good weather that we want to go for a walk. They are such good students that they can pass the exam easily. ③ 在只有形容詞時(shí)只能用so,如: It is so good that I like it very much.④ 在many, much, few, little這四個(gè)詞前只能用so而不能用such。如: I have so little money that I can't buy the dictionary. ?。壅`] He got up early so as he could catch the first bus. ?。壅?nbsp;He got up early so as to catch the first bus. [正] He got up early so that he could catch the first bus. ?。壅?nbsp;He got up so early that he could catch the first bus. some ?。壅`] Do you have some lessone to prepare? ?。壅?nbsp;Do you have any lessons to prepare? ?。畚觯?nbsp;在疑問(wèn)句或否定句中要用any; some多用在肯定句中, 如: I have some money to buy it. 在請(qǐng)求,或真心希望得到肯定答復(fù)時(shí),在疑問(wèn)句中也要用some,如: Would you like something to drink?即真心實(shí)意希望為對(duì)方提供飲料。又如: Could you lend me some money?即真心想要借到錢。 sometime ?。壅`] I have sometime thought that I should like to live in the country. ?。壅?nbsp;I have sometimes thought that I should like to live in the country. sometime sometimes some times sometime sometime為"某個(gè)時(shí)候"、"總有一天",如: We'll meet again sometime next year. 或過(guò)去的"某一時(shí)刻",如: I saw her sometime in July. sometimes為"有時(shí)候"、"時(shí)常"、"常常",如: Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. Some times為"若干次",如: I visited America some times. May be five or seven times. I am not sure. Some time則是"一段時(shí)間"、"一些時(shí)候",如: I want to leave some time. soon ?。壅`] The room as soon as became crowded. ?。壅?nbsp;The room soon became crowded. ?。畚觯?nbsp;soon為"不久"、"很快",如: I'll be there very soon. 而as soon as意為"一……就……",如: As soon as I finished my homework I went out to play football. sound ?。壅`] The report sounds well. ?。壅?nbsp;The report sounds good. ?。畚觯?nbsp;sound作動(dòng)詞時(shí)其后接形容詞而不接副詞,如: How sweet the music sounds! sport ?。壅`] Are you going to run in the school sprot? [正] Are you going to run in the school sprots? ?。畚觯?nbsp;sport用作可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)指具體的某項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng),如: Basketball is an indoor sport. 而在泛指"運(yùn)動(dòng)"或"運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)"時(shí)要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式sports. spring [誤] I'll visit America in this spring. ?。壅?nbsp;I'll visit America in spring. ?。壅?nbsp;I'll visit America this spring. ?。畚觯?nbsp;英語(yǔ)一年四季前如果有that, this, last, next等詞,則其前面不要再加介詞。這樣的用法還有周、月、年等。請(qǐng)看下面句子中的用法有何不同: He told me that she did it on the next day. 這時(shí)是指過(guò)去某一天的第二天,所以才有這種用法。如果以現(xiàn)在為時(shí)間基點(diǎn)的第二天應(yīng)為I'll do it next day. start ?。壅`] What time will you start to San Francisco? [正] What time will you start for San Francisco? [析] start與leave一樣,其后接"for+目的地"。 begin start begin與start在很多場(chǎng)合下是一樣的意思,如: We started/began to study English two years ago. 但在如下場(chǎng)合則不能用begin: ① 作為"啟程"講,如: I think we ought to start at six. ② 表示"開始工作",如: The car won't start. (車子發(fā)動(dòng)不起來(lái)。) ③ 作為"開動(dòng)"、"啟動(dòng)"講,如: Do you know how to start this machine. still ?。壅`] Oh, it is still raining now. [正] Oh, it is still raining. ?。畚觯?nbsp;因still即包含有現(xiàn)在仍然如何,所以now是多余詞。
still yet already still一般與動(dòng)詞連用,可放于句子中間用以說(shuō)明過(guò)去開始的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在仍然在繼續(xù),特別用來(lái)表示我們希望它早點(diǎn)停止。如: I've been thinking for hours, but I still can't decide. yet一般放于句末,用在疑問(wèn)句與否定句中。如: Has the postman come yet? already則與動(dòng)詞連用,可放于句中表示某事的發(fā)生比預(yù)期的要早,如: I've already finished my homework. stop [誤] When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped to talk. ?。壅?nbsp;When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped talking. ?。畚觯?nbsp;stop to do something是"停下來(lái)去做某事",而stop doing something是"停止做某事"。 street ?。壅`] There is a narrow winding street from our village to the next one. [正] There is a narrow winding road from our village to the next one. ?。畚觯?nbsp;street一般指城市中兩旁有建筑物的"街道",而road多指鄉(xiāng)間的"路"。 strict ?。壅`] You ought to be strict to him. ?。壅?nbsp;You ought to be strict with him. [析] be strict with是"對(duì)……嚴(yán)格的"。 such ?。壅`] Do you want to have such a dictionary? ?。壅?nbsp;Do you want to have such a good dictionary? [正] Do you want to have a dictionary like that? [析] such作加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣時(shí)一般是"such+(冠詞)形容詞+名詞",如: It's such a good book. 但如果名詞前沒(méi)有形容詞則要看其名詞是否具有"能顯示程度的含意",如: I've got such a headache. You are such fools!否則在such與名詞之間一定要有形容詞。 sure [誤] I am quite sure for that answer. ?。壅?nbsp;I am quite sure of that answer. [析] sure用于句中表示"對(duì)……事有確實(shí)把握"時(shí)應(yīng)跟of或about,而不跟for,如: I'm sure about (of) his ability to control this machine. sweet ?。壅`] Honey tastes sweetly. ?。壅?nbsp;Honey tastes sweet. ?。畚觯?nbsp;sweet可以作為名詞,意為"糖果",是可數(shù)名詞,如: May I have a sweet?作形容詞,如: The child looked very sweet. 而sweetly為副詞,意為"甜美地"、"悅耳地"。要注意taste為感觀動(dòng)詞,其后面要接形容詞而不是副詞。
|