英語中一些介詞的區(qū)別
一. in,on在方位名詞前的區(qū)別
1. in表示A地在B地范圍之內(nèi)。如:
Taiwan is in the southeast of China.
2. on表示A地與B地接壤、毗鄰。如:
North Korea is on the east of China.
二. at, in, on在表示時(shí)間上的區(qū)別
1. at指時(shí)間表示:
(1)時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)、時(shí)刻等。如:
They came home at sunrise (at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn).
(2)較短暫的一段時(shí)間??芍改硞€(gè)節(jié)日或被認(rèn)為是一年中標(biāo)志大事的日子。如:
He went home at Christmas (at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night).
2. in指時(shí)間表示:
(1)在某個(gè)較長的時(shí)間(如世紀(jì)、朝代、年、月、季節(jié)以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等)內(nèi)。如:
in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening, etc
(2)在一段時(shí)間之后。一般情況下,用于將來時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞為瞬間動(dòng)詞,意為“在……以后”。如:
He will arrive in two hours.
謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí),in意為“在……以內(nèi)”。如:
These products will be produced in a month.
注意:after用于將來時(shí)間也指一段時(shí)間之后,但其后的時(shí)間是“一點(diǎn)”,而不是“一段”。如:
He will arrive after two o’clock.
3. on指時(shí)間表示:
(1)具體的時(shí)日和一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間,如某日、某節(jié)日、星期幾等。如:
On Christmas Day(On May 4th), there will be a celebration.
(2)在某個(gè)特定的早晨、下午或晚上。如:
He arrived at 10 o’clock on the night of the 5th.
(3)準(zhǔn)時(shí),按時(shí)。如:
If the train should be on time, I should reach home before dark.
三. at, in和on表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)的區(qū)別
1. at表示地點(diǎn):
(1)用于指較小的地方。如:
I shall wait for you at the station.
(2)用于門牌號(hào)碼前。如:
He lives at 115 Zhongshan Road.
2. in表示地點(diǎn):
(1)用于指較大的地方。如:
He lives in Shanghai.
(2)雖然是很小的地方,如果說話人住在那里,也可用in。商店、學(xué)校、機(jī)關(guān)等,若看作一個(gè)地點(diǎn)(point)用at,若看作一個(gè)場所(place)用in。如:
I met him at the post-office.
I’m now working in the post-office.
3. on表示地點(diǎn),一般指與面或線接觸,意為“在……上;在……旁”。如:
The picture was hanging on the wall.
New York is on the Hudson River.
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