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      2014年注冊會計(jì)師綜合階段考試大綱

       zjh444 2015-02-14


      一、測試目標(biāo)

      注冊會計(jì)師全國統(tǒng)一考試綜合階段考試(以下簡稱綜合階段考試)主要測試考生是否具備在職業(yè)環(huán)境中運(yùn)用專業(yè)知識,保持職業(yè)價值觀、職業(yè)道德與職業(yè)態(tài)度,有效解決實(shí)務(wù)問題的能力,其中包括在國際環(huán)境下運(yùn)用英語進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)處理的能力。綜合階段考試要求考生在掌握專業(yè)階段各學(xué)科知識和基本技能的基礎(chǔ)上,通過必要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累,能夠綜合運(yùn)用各學(xué)科知識和相關(guān)技能對職業(yè)環(huán)境中的實(shí)務(wù)案例,進(jìn)行信息的篩選、甄別和判斷,識別業(yè)務(wù)問題的性質(zhì)、影響和要求等,運(yùn)用所掌握的信息、知識進(jìn)行深入的業(yè)務(wù)和財(cái)務(wù)分析及處理,提出有效的意見、建議或解決方案,并清晰地進(jìn)行表達(dá)闡述。具體來講,考察考生下列能力:

      (一)與認(rèn)知、分析和評價相關(guān)的能力

      1.識別業(yè)務(wù)、技術(shù)和職業(yè)道德問題;

      2.應(yīng)用技術(shù)知識,確定需要解決的問題;

      3.理解更廣泛的實(shí)體的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動;

      4.憑借已有知識、經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及邏輯推理的能力,理解所要解決問題和資料的相關(guān)性;

      5.選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆治龉ぞ撸?

      6.依據(jù)要求、現(xiàn)狀和數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行分析;

      7.評價信息的質(zhì)量;

      8.分析優(yōu)勢、弱點(diǎn)、機(jī)會和威脅,并根據(jù)輕重緩急作出恰當(dāng)判斷;

      9.考慮競爭對手、企業(yè)內(nèi)部人員以及其他各方的反應(yīng);

      10.根據(jù)事件、影響、假設(shè)以及分析所形成的信息,得出結(jié)論,提出建議。

      (二)與書面溝通和表達(dá)相關(guān)的能力

      在分析、判斷和解決問題時,思路清晰、論據(jù)充分、邏輯嚴(yán)密、表達(dá)流暢。

      二、實(shí)務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求

      考生參加綜合階段考試,應(yīng)當(dāng)在參加注冊會計(jì)師全國統(tǒng)一考試專業(yè)階段考試過程中積累實(shí)務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,持續(xù)加強(qiáng)實(shí)務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的積累。建議考生圍繞以下幾個方面積累實(shí)務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn):

      1.保持職業(yè)敏感性和經(jīng)營意識——能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)或意識到企業(yè)內(nèi)部、外部的問題和壓力的變化,并能評估企業(yè)的績效,有效識別和應(yīng)對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

      2.應(yīng)用技術(shù)知識——能夠在實(shí)際工作中應(yīng)用專業(yè)知識和技能。

      3.解決職業(yè)道德問題——能夠識別職業(yè)道德問題,并運(yùn)用已有的知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)評估事項(xiàng)的可能影響,作出恰當(dāng)?shù)臎Q策并提出處理建議。

      4.運(yùn)用職業(yè)判斷——能夠提出恰當(dāng)、有效的,并符合組織戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)的專業(yè)處理建議。

      5.具有良好溝通能力——能夠通過恰當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá),使提出的處理建議和解決方案有效地影響利益相關(guān)者。

      三、測試科目

      綜合階段考試設(shè)職業(yè)能力綜合測試科目,分成試卷一和試卷二(試卷一和試卷二各50分)。試卷一以鑒證業(yè)務(wù)為重點(diǎn),內(nèi)容涉及會計(jì)、審計(jì)和稅法等專業(yè)領(lǐng)域;試卷二以管理咨詢和業(yè)務(wù)分析為重點(diǎn),內(nèi)容涉及財(cái)務(wù)成本管理、公司戰(zhàn)略與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理和經(jīng)濟(jì)法等專業(yè)領(lǐng)域。試卷一設(shè)置英文題10分,試卷二設(shè)置英文題12分。試卷一和試卷二考試時間均為3.5小時。

      四、測試內(nèi)容

      職業(yè)能力綜合測試包括但不限于以下內(nèi)容:

      (一)會計(jì)

      1.金融資產(chǎn)

      (1)金融資產(chǎn)的定義和分類

      (2)以公允價值計(jì)量且其變動計(jì)入當(dāng)期損益的金融資產(chǎn)

      (3)持有至到期投資

      (4)貸款和應(yīng)收款項(xiàng)

      (5)可供出售金融資產(chǎn)

      (6)金融資產(chǎn)減值

      (7)金融資產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移

      2.長期股權(quán)投資

      (1)長期股權(quán)投資的初始計(jì)量

      (2)長期股權(quán)投資的后續(xù)計(jì)量

      (3)長期股權(quán)投資核算方法的轉(zhuǎn)換及處置

      3.固定資產(chǎn)

      (1)固定資產(chǎn)的確認(rèn)和初始計(jì)量

      (2)固定資產(chǎn)的后續(xù)計(jì)量

      (3)固定資產(chǎn)的處置

      4.無形資產(chǎn)

      (1)無形資產(chǎn)的確認(rèn)和初始計(jì)量

      (2)內(nèi)部研究開發(fā)費(fèi)用的確認(rèn)和計(jì)量

      (3)無形資產(chǎn)的后續(xù)計(jì)量

      5.投資性房地產(chǎn)

      (1)投資性房地產(chǎn)的特征與范圍

      (2)投資性房地產(chǎn)的確認(rèn)和初始計(jì)量

      (3)投資性房地產(chǎn)的后續(xù)計(jì)量

      (4)投資性房地產(chǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)換和處置

      6.資產(chǎn)減值

      (1)資產(chǎn)減值概述

      (2)資產(chǎn)可收回金額的計(jì)量

      (3)資產(chǎn)減值損失的確認(rèn)與計(jì)量

      (4)資產(chǎn)組的認(rèn)定及減值處理

      (5)商譽(yù)減值測試與處理

      7.收入、費(fèi)用和利潤

      (1)收入

      (2)費(fèi)用

      (3)利潤

      8.債務(wù)重組

      (1)債務(wù)重組的定義和重組方式

      (2)債務(wù)重組的會計(jì)處理

      9.借款費(fèi)用

      (1)借款費(fèi)用概述

      (2)借款費(fèi)用的確認(rèn)

      (3)借款費(fèi)用的計(jì)量

      10.所得稅

      (1)所得稅會計(jì)概述

      (2)資產(chǎn)、負(fù)債的計(jì)稅基礎(chǔ)及暫時性差異

      (3)遞延所得稅負(fù)債及遞延所得稅資產(chǎn)的確認(rèn)

      (4)所得稅費(fèi)用的確認(rèn)和計(jì)量

      11.會計(jì)政策、會計(jì)估計(jì)變更和差錯更正

      (1)會計(jì)政策及其變更

      (2)會計(jì)估計(jì)及其變更

      (3)前期差錯及其更正

      12.資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表日后事項(xiàng)

      (1)資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表日后事項(xiàng)概述

      (2)調(diào)整事項(xiàng)的會計(jì)處理

      (3)非調(diào)整事項(xiàng)的會計(jì)處理

      13.企業(yè)合并

      (1)企業(yè)合并概述

      (2)同一控制下企業(yè)合并的處理

      (3)非同一控制下企業(yè)合并的處理

      14.合并財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表

      (1)合并財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表概述

      (2)合并范圍的確定

      (3)合并財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表編制的前期準(zhǔn)備事項(xiàng)及其程序

      (4)長期股權(quán)投資與所有者權(quán)益的合并處理(同一控制下)

      (5)長期股權(quán)投資與所有者權(quán)益的合并處理(非同一控制下)

      (6)內(nèi)部商品交易的合并處理

      (7)內(nèi)部債權(quán)債務(wù)的合并處理

      (8)內(nèi)部固定資產(chǎn)交易的合并處理

      (9)內(nèi)部無形資產(chǎn)交易的合并處理

      (10)所得稅會計(jì)相關(guān)的合并處理

      (11)合并現(xiàn)金流量表的編制

      (12)本期增加子公司和減少子公司的合并處理

      15.每股收益

      (1)每股收益概述

      (2)基本每股收益

      (3)稀釋每股收益

      (4)每股收益的列報(bào)

      (二)審計(jì)

      1.審計(jì)計(jì)劃

      (1)初步業(yè)務(wù)活動

      (2)總體審計(jì)策略和具體審計(jì)計(jì)劃

      (3)審計(jì)重要性

      (4)利用專家的工作

      (5)利用內(nèi)部審計(jì)工作

      (6)注冊會計(jì)師與治理層的溝通

      2.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估

      (1)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估程序、信息來源以及項(xiàng)目組內(nèi)部的討論

      (2)了解被審計(jì)單位及其環(huán)境

      (3)了解被審計(jì)單位的內(nèi)部控制

      (4)評估重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

      (5)特定項(xiàng)目的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估

      3.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對

      (1)針對財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表層次重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的總體應(yīng)對措施

      (2)針對認(rèn)定層次重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的進(jìn)一步審計(jì)程序

      (3)控制測試

      (4)實(shí)質(zhì)性程序

      (5)特定項(xiàng)目的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對

      4.銷售與收款循環(huán)的審計(jì)

      (1)銷售與收款循環(huán)的特點(diǎn)

      (2)銷售與收款循環(huán)的內(nèi)部控制和控制測試

      (3)銷售與收款循環(huán)的實(shí)質(zhì)性程序

      5.采購與付款循環(huán)的審計(jì)

      (1)采購與付款循環(huán)的特點(diǎn)

      (2)采購與付款循環(huán)的內(nèi)部控制和控制測試

      (3)采購與付款循環(huán)的實(shí)質(zhì)性程序

      6.生產(chǎn)與存貨循環(huán)的審計(jì)

      (1)生產(chǎn)與存貨循環(huán)的特點(diǎn)

      (2)生產(chǎn)與存貨循環(huán)的內(nèi)部控制和控制測試

      (3)生產(chǎn)與存貨循環(huán)的實(shí)質(zhì)性程序

      7.對舞弊和法律法規(guī)的考慮

      (1)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表審計(jì)中與舞弊相關(guān)的責(zé)任

      (2)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表審計(jì)中對法律法規(guī)的考慮

      8.對集團(tuán)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表審計(jì)的特殊考慮

      (1)與集團(tuán)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表審計(jì)有關(guān)的概念

      (2)集團(tuán)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表審計(jì)中的責(zé)任設(shè)定和注冊會計(jì)師的目標(biāo)

      (3)集團(tuán)審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù)的承接與保持

      (4)了解集團(tuán)及其環(huán)境、集團(tuán)組成部分及其環(huán)境

      (5)了解組成部分注冊會計(jì)師

      (6)重要性

      (7)針對評估的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)采取的應(yīng)對措施

      (8)合并過程

      (9)與組成部分注冊會計(jì)師的溝通

      (10)評價審計(jì)證據(jù)的充分性和適當(dāng)性

      (11)與集團(tuán)管理層和集團(tuán)治理層的溝通

      9.完成審計(jì)工作

      (1)完成審計(jì)工作概述

      (2)期后事項(xiàng)

      (3)書面聲明

      10.審計(jì)報(bào)告

      (1)審計(jì)報(bào)告概述

      (2)審計(jì)意見的形成和審計(jì)報(bào)告的類型

      (3)審計(jì)報(bào)告的基本內(nèi)容

      (4)非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)審計(jì)報(bào)告

      11.會計(jì)師事務(wù)所業(yè)務(wù)質(zhì)量控制

      (1)質(zhì)量控制制度的目標(biāo)和對業(yè)務(wù)質(zhì)量承擔(dān)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)責(zé)任

      (2)相關(guān)職業(yè)道德要求

      (3)客戶關(guān)系和具體業(yè)務(wù)的接受與保持

      (4)人力資源

      (5)業(yè)務(wù)執(zhí)行

      (6)監(jiān)控

      12.職業(yè)道德基本原則和概念框架

      (1)職業(yè)道德基本原則

      (2)職業(yè)道德概念框架

      (3)注冊會計(jì)師對職業(yè)道德概念框架的具體運(yùn)用

      (4)非執(zhí)業(yè)會員對職業(yè)道德概念框架的運(yùn)用

      13.審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù)對獨(dú)立性的要求

      (1)基本要求

      (2)經(jīng)濟(jì)利益

      (3)貸款和擔(dān)保以及商業(yè)關(guān)系、家庭和私人關(guān)系

      (4)與審計(jì)客戶發(fā)生雇傭關(guān)系

      (5)與審計(jì)客戶長期存在業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系

      (6)為審計(jì)客戶提供非鑒證服務(wù)

      (7)收費(fèi)

      (8)影響?yīng)毩⑿缘钠渌马?xiàng)

      (三)稅法

      1.增值稅法

      (1)征稅范圍及納稅義務(wù)人

      (2)稅率與征收率

      (3)一般計(jì)稅方法應(yīng)納稅額的計(jì)算

      (4)特殊經(jīng)營行為的稅務(wù)處理

      (5)進(jìn)口貨物征稅、出口貨物和服務(wù)退(免)稅

      (6)增值稅征收管理、專用發(fā)票的使用與管理

      2.消費(fèi)稅法

      (1)納稅義務(wù)人與征稅范圍

      (2)稅目與稅率

      (3)計(jì)稅依據(jù)與應(yīng)納稅額計(jì)算

      3.營業(yè)稅法

      (1)納稅義務(wù)人與扣繳義務(wù)人

      (2)稅目與稅率

      (3)計(jì)稅依據(jù)

      (4)應(yīng)納稅額計(jì)算與特殊經(jīng)營行為的稅務(wù)處理

      (5)稅收優(yōu)惠

      4.資源稅法和土地增值稅法

      (1)資源稅納稅義務(wù)人、稅目與稅率

      (2)資源稅計(jì)稅依據(jù)與應(yīng)納稅額的計(jì)算

      (3)資源稅稅收優(yōu)惠和征收管理

      (4)土地增值稅納稅義務(wù)人與征稅范圍

      (5)土地增值稅稅率、應(yīng)稅收入與扣除項(xiàng)目

      (6)土地增值稅應(yīng)納稅額的計(jì)算

      (7)土地增值稅稅收優(yōu)惠和征收管理

      5.房產(chǎn)稅法、城鎮(zhèn)土地使用稅法

      (1)房產(chǎn)稅法

      (2)城鎮(zhèn)土地使用稅法

      6.企業(yè)所得稅法

      (1)應(yīng)納稅所得額的計(jì)算

      (2)資產(chǎn)的稅務(wù)處理和資產(chǎn)損失稅前扣除的所得稅處理

      (3)企業(yè)重組的所得稅處理

      (4)稅收優(yōu)惠

      (5)應(yīng)納稅額的計(jì)算

      (6)特別納稅調(diào)整

      (7)征收管理

      7.個人所得稅法

      (1)納稅義務(wù)人與征稅范圍

      (2)稅率與應(yīng)納稅所得額的確定

      (3)應(yīng)納稅額的計(jì)算

      (4)稅收優(yōu)惠

      8.稅務(wù)籌劃

      (四)財(cái)務(wù)成本管理

      1.財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析

      (1)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析概述

      (2)財(cái)務(wù)比率分析

      (3)管理用財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析

      2.長期計(jì)劃與財(cái)務(wù)預(yù)測

      (1)長期計(jì)劃

      (2)財(cái)務(wù)預(yù)測

      (3)增長率與資金需求

      3.財(cái)務(wù)估價的基礎(chǔ)概念

      (1)貨幣的時間價值

      (2)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和報(bào)酬

      4.債券和股票估價

      (1)債券估價

      (2)股票估價

      5.資本成本

      (1)資本成本概述

      (2)普通股成本

      (3)債務(wù)成本

      (4)加權(quán)平均資本成本

      6.企業(yè)價值評估

      (1)現(xiàn)金流量折現(xiàn)模型

      (2)相對價值法

      7.資本預(yù)算

      (1)項(xiàng)目評價的方法

      (2)投資項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)金流量的估計(jì)

      (3)項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的衡量與處置

      8.期權(quán)估價

      (1)期權(quán)概述

      (2)期權(quán)價值評估的方法

      9.資本結(jié)構(gòu)

      (1)杠桿原理

      (2)資本結(jié)構(gòu)理論及決策

      10.股利分配

      (1)利潤分配概述

      (2)股利支付的程序和方式

      (3)股利理論與股利分配政策

      (4)股票股利、股票分割和股票回購

      11.普通股和長期負(fù)債籌資

      (1)普通股籌資

      (2)長期負(fù)債籌資

      12.其他長期籌資

      (1)租賃

      (2)混合籌資

      13.營運(yùn)資本投資

      (1)現(xiàn)金和有價證券

      (2)應(yīng)收賬款

      (3)存貨

      14.營運(yùn)資本籌資

      (1)營運(yùn)資本籌資政策

      (2)短期籌資

      15.成本管理會計(jì)

      (1)成本會計(jì)

      (2)管理會計(jì)

      (五)公司戰(zhàn)略與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理

      1.戰(zhàn)略分析

      (1)企業(yè)外部環(huán)境分析

      (2)企業(yè)內(nèi)部環(huán)境分析

      2.戰(zhàn)略選擇

      (1)總體戰(zhàn)略(公司層戰(zhàn)略)

      (2)業(yè)務(wù)單位戰(zhàn)略

      (3)國際化經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略

      3.戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施

      (1)公司戰(zhàn)略與組織結(jié)構(gòu)

      (2)公司戰(zhàn)略與企業(yè)文化

      (3)戰(zhàn)略控制

      (4)戰(zhàn)略變革管理

      (5)戰(zhàn)略管理中的權(quán)力與利益相關(guān)者

      4.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理

      (1)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的目標(biāo)

      (2)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理基本流程

      (3)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理體系

      5.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理框架下的內(nèi)部控制

      (1)內(nèi)部控制基本規(guī)范

      (2)內(nèi)部控制應(yīng)用指引

      (3)內(nèi)部控制評價

      (六)經(jīng)濟(jì)法

      1.物權(quán)法律制度

      (1)物權(quán)法律制度概述

      (2)物權(quán)變動

      (3)所有權(quán)

      (4)用益物權(quán)

      (5)擔(dān)保物權(quán)

      2.合同法律制度

      (1)合同的基本理論

      (2)合同的訂立

      (3)合同的效力

      (4)合同的履行

      (5)保證與定金

      (6)合同的變更與轉(zhuǎn)讓

      (7)合同的終止

      (8)違約責(zé)任

      (9)幾類主要的有名合同

      3.公司法律制度

      (1)公司法律制度概述

      (2)股份有限公司

      (3)有限責(zé)任公司

      (4)公司董事、監(jiān)事、高級管理人員

      (5)公司的財(cái)務(wù)會計(jì)

      (6)公司合并、分立與減資

      (7)公司解散和清算

      4.證券法律制度

      (1)證券法律制度概述

      (2)股票的發(fā)行

      (3)公司債券的發(fā)行與交易

      (4)股票交易市場

      (5)上市公司收購和重組

      (6)證券欺詐的法律責(zé)任

      5.企業(yè)破產(chǎn)法律制度

      (1)破產(chǎn)法律制度概述

      (2)破產(chǎn)申請與受理

      (3)管理人制度

      (4)債務(wù)人財(cái)產(chǎn)

      (5)破產(chǎn)債權(quán)

      (6)債權(quán)人會議

      (7)重整程序

      (8)和解制度

      (9)破產(chǎn)清算程序

      6.反壟斷法律制度

      (1)反壟斷法律制度概述

      (2)壟斷協(xié)議規(guī)制制度

      (3)濫用市場支配地位規(guī)制制度

      (4)經(jīng)營者集中反壟斷審查制度

      (5)濫用行政權(quán)力排除、限制競爭規(guī)制制度

      附錄:職業(yè)能力綜合測試涉及的主要專業(yè)術(shù)語中英文對照表

      職業(yè)能力綜合測試涉及的主要專業(yè)術(shù)語中英文對照表

      會計(jì)

      會計(jì)估計(jì) Accounting estimates

      會計(jì)分期 Accounting period

      會計(jì)政策 Accounting policies

      會計(jì)確認(rèn) Accounting recognition

      會計(jì)處理 Accounting treatment

      應(yīng)付賬款 Accounts payable

      應(yīng)收賬款 Accounts receivable

      累計(jì)折舊 Accumulated depreciation

      調(diào)整事項(xiàng) Adjusting events

      攤銷費(fèi)用 Amortization expense

      公平交易 Arms-length transaction

      資產(chǎn) Assets

      資產(chǎn)減值損失 Assets impairment loss

      聯(lián)營公司 Associates

      可供出售金融資產(chǎn) Available-for-sale financial assets

      壞賬準(zhǔn)備 Bad debt provision

      年初余額 Balance at the beginning of year

      年末余額 Balance at the end of year

      資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表 Balance sheet

      銀行存款 Bank deposit

      基本每股收益 Basic earnings per share

      應(yīng)收票據(jù) Bills receivable

      賬面價值 Book value

      借款費(fèi)用 Borrowing costs

      企業(yè)合并 Business combination

      營業(yè)稅金及附加 Business taxes and surcharges

      計(jì)量 Calculation/Calculate

      資本公積 Capital reserve

      資本化 Capitalization/Capitalized

      現(xiàn)金流量 Cash flows

      庫存現(xiàn)金 Cash on hand

      公允價值變動 Change in fair value

      股東權(quán)益變動表 Changes in equity

      可比性 Comparability

      混合金融工具 Compound financial instruments

      代銷商品 Consignment goods

      合并資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表 Consolidated balance sheet

      合并利潤表 Consolidated income statement

      合并股東權(quán)益變動表 Consolidated statement of changes in equity

      建造合同 Construction contract

      在建工程 Construction in progress

      或有資產(chǎn) Contingent asset

      或有負(fù)債 Contingent liability

      可轉(zhuǎn)換公司債券 Convertible notes

      會計(jì)差錯更正 Correction of accounting errors

      成本法 Cost method

      主營業(yè)務(wù)成本 Cost of sales from principal activities

      貸 Credit

      貨幣計(jì)量 Currency measurement

      流動資產(chǎn) Current assets

      流動負(fù)債 Current liabilities

      借 Debit

      債務(wù)重組 Debt restructuring

      遞延收益 Deferred income

      遞延所得稅 Deferred tax

      遞延所得稅資產(chǎn) Deferred tax assets

      遞延所得稅負(fù)債 Deferred tax liabilities

      折舊 Depreciation

      稀釋每股收益 Diluted earnings per share

      直接費(fèi)用 Direct costs

      直接人工 Direct labour

      直接材料 Direct materials

      直接法 Direct method

      披露 Disclosure

      折現(xiàn)系數(shù) Discount factor

      折現(xiàn)率 Discount rate

      任意盈余公積 Discretionary surplus reserve

      處置成本 Disposal costs

      應(yīng)付股利 Dividend payable

      應(yīng)收股利 Dividend receivable

      應(yīng)付職工薪酬 Employee benefits payables

      股權(quán)投資 Equity investment

      權(quán)益法 Equity method

      預(yù)計(jì)負(fù)債 Estimated liabilities/Provision

      預(yù)計(jì)使用壽命 Estimated useful life

      費(fèi)用 Expenses

      公允價值 Fair value

      融資租賃 Finance lease

      金融資產(chǎn) Financial assets

      交易性金融資產(chǎn) Financial assets held for trading

      財(cái)務(wù)費(fèi)用 Financial expenses

      金融工具 Financial instruments

      金融負(fù)債 Financial liabilities

      財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告 Financial reporting

      籌資活動 Financing activities

      產(chǎn)成品 Finished products/goods

      固定資產(chǎn) Fixed assets

      固定資產(chǎn)清理 Fixed assets pending for disposal

      境外經(jīng)營 Foreign operations

      特許權(quán) Franchise right

      記賬本位幣 Functional currency

      公允價值變動收益/(損失) Gains/Losses on changes in fair value

      管理費(fèi)用 General and administrative expenses

      持續(xù)經(jīng)營 Going concern

      商譽(yù) Goodwill

      政府補(bǔ)助 Government grants

      毛利率 Gross profit ratio

      擔(dān)保 Guarantee

      持有至到期投資 Held-to-maturity investment

      歷史成本 Historical cost

      可辨認(rèn)性 Identifiable

      減值損失 Impairment loss

      減值準(zhǔn)備 Impairment losses

      利潤表 Income statement

      所得稅 Income tax

      間接法 Indirect method

      保險(xiǎn)費(fèi) Insurance expense

      無形資產(chǎn) Intangible assets

      應(yīng)付利息 Interest payable

      利率 Interest rate

      應(yīng)收利息 Interest receivable

      集團(tuán)內(nèi)部銷售 Inter-group sales

      中期財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Interim financial statements

      存貨 Inventories

      投資活動 Investing activities

      投資成本 Investment cost

      投資收益 Investment income

      投資性房地產(chǎn) Investment property

      合營企業(yè) Joint-venture

      勞務(wù)成本 Labour costs

      土地使用權(quán) Land use right

      租賃 Lease

      承租人 Lessee

      出租人 Lessor

      負(fù)債 Liability/Liabilities

      貸款 Loan

      長期股權(quán)投資 Long-term equity investment

      長期借款 Long-term loans

      長期應(yīng)付款 Long-term payable

      長期應(yīng)收款 Long-term receivables

      少數(shù)股東權(quán)益 Minority interests

      凈利潤 Net profits

      非調(diào)整事項(xiàng) Non-adjusting events

      非流動性負(fù)債 Non-current liabilities

      營業(yè)外支出 Non-operating expenses

      營業(yè)外收入 Non-operating income

      經(jīng)營活動 Operating activities

      經(jīng)營租賃 Operating lease

      營業(yè)利潤 Operating profit

      其他資本公積 Other capital reserve

      其他綜合收益 Other comprehensive income

      其他業(yè)務(wù)收入 Other operating income

      其他應(yīng)付款 Other payables

      其他應(yīng)收款 Other receivables

      所有者權(quán)益 Owner’s equity

      所有權(quán) Ownership

      實(shí)收資本 Paid-in capital

      專利權(quán) Patent

      資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表日后事項(xiàng) Post balance sheet events

      溢價 Premium

      預(yù)付款 Prepayment

      現(xiàn)值 Present value

      以前年度損益事項(xiàng) Prior year profit/loss adjustment

      商品 Product

      利潤 Profit

      利潤分配 Profit appropriation

      存貨跌價準(zhǔn)備 Provision for diminution in value of inventories

      固定資產(chǎn)減值準(zhǔn)備 Provision for impairment of fixed assets

      損失準(zhǔn)備 Provision for loss

      采購成本 Purchase costs

      報(bào)酬率 Rate of return

      原材料 Raw materials

      預(yù)收款項(xiàng) Receipts in advance

      確認(rèn) Recognition/Recognize

      可收回金額 Recoverable amount

      可變現(xiàn)凈值 Recoverable value

      關(guān)聯(lián)交易 Related party transactions

      關(guān)聯(lián)方 Related party(ies)

      租賃收入 Rental income

      重置成本 Replacement costs

      回購 Repurchase

      研究開發(fā)費(fèi)用 Research and development costs

      殘值 Residual value

      重組 Restructuring

      追溯調(diào)整 Retrospective adjustments

      銷售商品收入 Revenue from sales of goods

      收入 Revenue/Income

      職工薪酬 Salary costs

      售后租回交易 Sale and lease back

      主營業(yè)務(wù)收入 Sales from principal activities

      銷售退回 Sales return

      銷售額 Sales revenue

      銷售稅 Sales tax

      分部報(bào)告 Segment reporting

      銷售費(fèi)用 Selling expenses

      股本 Share capital

      股份期權(quán) Share options

      股本/資本溢價 Share/Capital premium

      所有者權(quán)益 Shareholders’ equity

      短期借款 Short-term loans

      專項(xiàng)應(yīng)付款 Special payables

      現(xiàn)金流量表 Statement of cash flows

      法定盈余公積 Statutory surplus reserve

      盈余公積 Surplus reserves

      有形資產(chǎn) Tangible assets

      計(jì)稅基礎(chǔ) Tax basis

      應(yīng)交稅費(fèi) Taxes payable

      暫時性差異 Temporary differences

      交易費(fèi)用 Transaction costs

      可理解性 Understandability

      未分配利潤 Undistributed profit/Retained earnings

      未實(shí)現(xiàn)融資收益 Unrealized capital gain

      增值稅 Value-added tax

      在產(chǎn)品 Work in progress

      審計(jì)

      客戶關(guān)系和審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù)的接受與保持 Acceptance and continuance of client and audit engagement

      訪問控制 Access controls

      接觸信息/審計(jì)工作底稿 Access to information / Audit documentation

      否定意見 Adverse opinion

      替代程序 Alternative procedures

      分析程序 Analytical procedures

      在集團(tuán)層面實(shí)施的分析程序 Analytical procedures at group level

      年度報(bào)告 Annual report

      適用的財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告框架 Applicable financial reporting framework

      按照適用的財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告編制基礎(chǔ)得到恰當(dāng)會計(jì)處理和披露 Appropriately accounted for and disclosed in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework

      (審計(jì)證據(jù)的)適當(dāng)性 Appropriateness (of audit evidence)

      認(rèn)定 Assertions

      評估 Assess

      保證 Assurance

      審計(jì)調(diào)整 Audit adjustment

      審計(jì)工作底稿 Audit documentation/Audit working paper

      審計(jì)證據(jù) Audit evidence

      審計(jì)檔案 Audit file

      會計(jì)師事務(wù)所 Audit firm/Accounting firm

      審計(jì)意見 Audit opinion

      審計(jì)計(jì)劃 Audit plan

      審計(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Audit risk

      審計(jì)抽樣(抽樣) Audit sampling (sampling)

      注冊會計(jì)師(審計(jì)師) Auditor

      注冊會計(jì)師與財(cái)務(wù)信息 Auditor and financial information

      注冊會計(jì)師的專家 Auditor’s expert

      注冊會計(jì)師的點(diǎn)估計(jì)或區(qū)間估計(jì) Auditor’s point estimate or auditor’s range

      導(dǎo)致非無保留意見的事項(xiàng)段 Basis for modification paragraph

      業(yè)務(wù)流程 Business process

      (交易的)商業(yè)理由 Business rationale

      經(jīng)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Business risk

      明顯微小 Clearly trivial

      比較財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Comparative financial statements

      比較信息 Comparative information

      被審計(jì)單位的互補(bǔ)性控制 Compensating controls of entity under audit

      完整性 Completeness

      對集團(tuán)具有財(cái)務(wù)重大性的單個組成部分 Components that are of individual financial significance to the group

      計(jì)算機(jī)輔助審計(jì)技術(shù) Computer-assisted audit techniques

      審計(jì)的前提條件 Conditions for an audit

      詢證函 Confirmation

      合并過程 Consolidation process

      控制活動 Control activities

      控制環(huán)境 Control environment

      控制風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Control risk

      與審計(jì)相關(guān)的控制 Controls relevant to the audit

      公司治理 Corporate governance

      對應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù) Corresponding figures

      截止 Cut-off/As of (date)

      報(bào)告日(與質(zhì)量控制相關(guān)) Date of report (in relation to quality control)

      財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表批準(zhǔn)日 Date of the approval of the financial statements

      審計(jì)報(bào)告日 Date of the auditor’s report

      財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表日 Date of the financial statements

      設(shè)計(jì)、執(zhí)行和維護(hù)適當(dāng)?shù)目刂?Design, implement and maintain adequate controls (over)

      檢查風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Detection risk

      偏差 Deviations

      無法表示意見 Disclaimer of opinion

      雙重目的測試 Dual-purpose test

      強(qiáng)調(diào)事項(xiàng)段 Emphasis of matter paragraph

      業(yè)務(wù)工作底稿 Engagement documentation/working paper

      業(yè)務(wù)約定書 Engagement letter

      項(xiàng)目合伙人 Engagement partner

      項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量控制復(fù)核 Engagement quality control review

      項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量控制復(fù)核人員 Engagement quality control reviewer

      項(xiàng)目組 Engagement team

      被審計(jì)單位的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估過程 Entity’s risk assessment process

      評價 Evaluate

      可能導(dǎo)致對被審計(jì)單位持續(xù)經(jīng)營能力產(chǎn)生重大疑慮的事項(xiàng)或情況 Events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern

      不符事項(xiàng) Exception

      存在 Existence

      有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的注冊會計(jì)師 Experienced auditor

      專長 Expertise

      信賴程度 Extent of reliance

      函證 External confirmation

      事實(shí)錯報(bào)、判斷錯報(bào)和推斷錯報(bào) Factual misstatements, judgemental misstatements and projected misstatements

      財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Financial statements

      舞弊 Fraud

      舞弊風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素 Fraud risk factors

      虛假財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告 Fraudulent financial reporting

      對財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表使用者理解財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表至關(guān)重要 Fundamental to users’ understanding of the financial statements

      治理 Governance

      集團(tuán) Group

      集團(tuán)項(xiàng)目合伙人 Group engagement partner

      集團(tuán)層面控制 Group-wide controls

      歷史財(cái)務(wù)信息 Historical financial information

      識別、評估和應(yīng)對重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Identify, assess and respond to risk of material misstatement

      無法獲取充分、適當(dāng)?shù)膶徲?jì)證據(jù) Inability to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence

      后任注冊會計(jì)師 Incoming auditor

      不一致 Inconsistency

      獨(dú)立性 Independence

      與財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告相關(guān)的信息系統(tǒng) Information system relevant to financial reporting

      審計(jì)的固有限制 Inherent limitation of audit

      固有風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Inherent risk

      首次審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù) Initial audit engagement

      生成、記錄、處理和報(bào)告交易 Initiate, record, process and report transactions

      詢問 Inquiry

      檢查 Inspection

      中期財(cái)務(wù)信息或報(bào)表 Interim financial information or statements

      內(nèi)部審計(jì)師 Internal auditors

      內(nèi)部控制 Internal control

      內(nèi)部控制缺陷 Internal control deficiency

      國際財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告準(zhǔn)則 International Financial Reporting Standards

      調(diào)查 Investigate

      財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表報(bào)出日 Issuance date of the financial statements

      信息技術(shù)應(yīng)用控制 IT application controls

      信息技術(shù)環(huán)境 IT environment

      會計(jì)分錄和其他調(diào)整 Journal entries and other adjustments

      會計(jì)分錄 Journal entry/entries

      嚴(yán)重程度 Level of significance

      上市公司實(shí)體 Listed entity

      管理層 Management

      管理層偏向 Management bias

      管理層凌駕于控制之上 Management override of controls

      管理當(dāng)局聲明書 Management representation letter

      管理層對其自身責(zé)任的認(rèn)可與理解 Management’s acknowledgement and understanding of its responsibilities

      管理層的專家 Management’s expert

      重大類別的交易、賬戶余額和披露 Material classes of transactions, account balances and disclosure

      重大不確定性 Material uncertainty

      財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表整體的重要性 Materiality for the financial statements as a whole

      侵占資產(chǎn) Misappropriation of assets

      錯報(bào) Misstatement

      對事實(shí)的錯報(bào) Misstatement of fact

      非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)審計(jì)報(bào)告 Modified audit report

      非無保留意見 Modified opinion

      監(jiān)控 Monitoring

      對控制的監(jiān)督 Monitoring of controls

      審計(jì)程序的性質(zhì)、時間安排和范圍 Nature, timing and extent of audit procedures

      消極式函證 Negative confirmation

      網(wǎng)絡(luò)事務(wù)所 Network firm

      違反法律法規(guī) Non-compliance

      未回函 Non-response

      非抽樣風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Non-sampling risk

      觀察 Observation

      發(fā)生 Occurrence

      期初余額 Opening balances

      內(nèi)部控制的運(yùn)行有效性 Operating effectiveness of internal control

      其他信息 Other information

      其他事項(xiàng)段 Other matter paragraph

      會計(jì)估計(jì)的結(jié)果 Outcome of an accounting estimate

      超出正常經(jīng)營過程 Outside the normal course of business

      總體審計(jì)方案 Overall audit approach

      總體審計(jì)策略 Overall audit strategy

      總體結(jié)論 Overall conclusion

      總體應(yīng)對措施 Overall responses

      合伙人 Partner

      實(shí)際執(zhí)行的重要性 Performance materiality

      人員 Personnel

      廣泛性 Pervasive

      計(jì)劃活動 Planning activities

      總體 Population/Overall

      積極式函證 Positive confirmation

      執(zhí)業(yè)人員 Practitioner

      前任注冊會計(jì)師 Predecessor auditor

      初步業(yè)務(wù)活動 Preliminary engagement activities

      與管理層和治理層(如適用)責(zé)任相關(guān)的執(zhí)行審計(jì)工作的前提 Premise, relating to the responsibilities of management and, where appropriate, those charged with governance, on which an audit is conducted

      編制和列報(bào)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Prepare and present the financial statements

      列報(bào)與披露 Presentation and disclosure

      收入確認(rèn)存在舞弊風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的假定 Presumed fraud risks in revenue recognition

      防止或發(fā)現(xiàn)并糾正重大錯報(bào) Prevent or detect and correct material misstatement

      專業(yè)勝任能力 Professional competence

      職業(yè)判斷 Professional judgment

      職業(yè)懷疑態(tài)度 Professional skepticism

      業(yè)務(wù)執(zhí)行 Provision of service/Delivery of service

      通常對決定財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表中的重大金額和披露有直接影響的法律法規(guī)的規(guī)定 Provisions of laws and regulations generally recognized to have a direct effect on the determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements

      具有適當(dāng)資格的外部人員 Qualified external person

      保留意見 Qualified opinion

      量化財(cái)務(wù)影響 Quantification of the financial impacts

      合理保證(針對審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù)和質(zhì)量控制) Reasonable assurance (in the context of audit engagements, and in quality control)

      合理性測試 Reasonableness test

      重新計(jì)算 Re-calculation

      連續(xù)審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù) Recurring audit engagements

      將認(rèn)定層次的審計(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降至可接受的低水平 Reduce audit risk at the assertion level to an acceptably low level

      關(guān)聯(lián)方 Related parties

      具有支配性影響的關(guān)聯(lián)方 Related parties with dominant influence

      管理層以前未識別或未向注冊會計(jì)師披露的關(guān)聯(lián)方關(guān)系或關(guān)聯(lián)方交易 Related party relationships or transactions that management has not identified or disclosed to the auditor

      按照等同于公平交易中通行的條款執(zhí)行的關(guān)聯(lián)方交易 Related party transactions conducted on terms equivalent to those prevailing in an arm’s length transaction

      (審計(jì)證據(jù)的)相關(guān)性和可靠性 Relevance and reliability (of audit evidence)

      相關(guān)職業(yè)道德要求 Relevant ethical requirements

      剩余期間 Remaining period

      重新執(zhí)行 Re-performance

      管理層施加的限制 Restrictions imposed by management

      復(fù)核(與質(zhì)量控制相關(guān)) Review (in relation to quality control)

      權(quán)利與義務(wù) Rights and obligations

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估程序 Risk assessment procedures

      重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Risk of material misstatement

      財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表層次和認(rèn)定層次的重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Risk of material misstatement at financial statement level and at assertion level

      樣本量 Sample size

      抽樣 Sampling

      抽樣風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Sampling risk

      抽樣單元 Sampling unit

      選擇和運(yùn)用會計(jì)政策 Selection and application of accounting policies

      選取測試項(xiàng)目 Selection of items for testing

      重要組成部分 Significant component

      值得關(guān)注的內(nèi)部控制缺陷 Significant deficiencies in internal control

      重大事項(xiàng) Significant matters

      特別風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Significant risk

      重大非常規(guī)交易 Significant unusual transactions

      特定的審計(jì)程序 Specified audit procedures

      員工 Staff

      統(tǒng)計(jì)抽樣 Statistical sampling

      存貨盤點(diǎn) Stocktake

      分層 Stratification

      期后事項(xiàng) Subsequent events

      實(shí)質(zhì)性分析程序 Substantive analytical procedures

      實(shí)質(zhì)性程序 Substantive procedure

      (審計(jì)證據(jù)的)充分性 Sufficiency (of audit evidence)

      補(bǔ)充信息 Supplementary information

      測試 Test

      控制測試 Test of controls

      細(xì)節(jié)測試 Test of details

      特定類別的交易、賬戶余額或披露的一個或多個重要性水平 The materiality level or levels for particular classes of transactions, account balances or disclosures

      治理層 Those charged with governance

      錯報(bào)的臨界值 Threshold for misstatements

      可容忍錯報(bào) Tolerable misstatement

      可容忍偏差率 Tolerable rate of deviation

      趨勢分析法、比率分析法、合理性測試法和回歸分析法 Trend analysis, ratio analysis, reasonableness test, and regression analysis

      不確定性 Uncertainty

      未更正錯報(bào) Uncorrected misstatements

      標(biāo)準(zhǔn)審計(jì)報(bào)告 Unmodified audit report

      無保留意見 Unqualified opinion

      計(jì)價與分?jǐn)?Valuation and allocation/amortization

      穿行測試 Walk-through test

      解除業(yè)務(wù)約定 Withdraw from the engagement

      書面聲明 Written representation

      職業(yè)道德

      可接受的水平 Acceptable level

      廣告 Advertising

      過度推介 Advocacy

      承擔(dān)管理層職責(zé) Assume management responsibilities

      鑒證客戶 Assurance client

      鑒證業(yè)務(wù) Assurance engagement

      鑒證業(yè)務(wù)項(xiàng)目組 Assurance team

      審計(jì)客戶 Audit client

      審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù) Audit engagement

      審計(jì)項(xiàng)目組 Audit team

      近親屬 Close family

      密切私人關(guān)系 Close personal relationship

      保密 Confidentiality

      利益沖突 Conflicts of interest

      或有收費(fèi) Contingent fee

      冷卻期 Cooling off period

      現(xiàn)任會計(jì)師 Current accountant/auditor

      直接經(jīng)濟(jì)利益 Direct financial interest

      董事或高級管理人員 Director or senior officer/senior management

      應(yīng)有的關(guān)注 Due care

      消除或降低不利影響 Eliminate or reduce threats

      項(xiàng)目合伙人 Engagement partner

      項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量控制復(fù)核 Engagement quality control review

      項(xiàng)目組 Engagement team

      外部專家 External expert

      密切關(guān)系 Familiarity

      經(jīng)濟(jì)利益 Financial interests

      歷史財(cái)務(wù)信息 Historical financial information

      直系親屬/ 主要近親屬 Immediate family

      獨(dú)立性 Independence

      從實(shí)質(zhì)上和形式上保持獨(dú)立性 Independence of mind, Independence in appearance

      間接經(jīng)濟(jì)利益 Indirect financial interest

      誠信 Integrity

      外在壓力 Intimidation/Pressure

      關(guān)鍵審計(jì)合伙人 Key audit partner

      上市實(shí)體 Listed entity

      長期存在業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系 Long association (with an audit client)

      嚴(yán)重虛假或誤導(dǎo)性的陳述 Materially false or misleading statement

      非鑒證服務(wù) Non-assurance services

      客觀和公正性 Objectivity

      專業(yè)服務(wù) Professional services

      擬接受的客戶 Prospective client

      公眾利益實(shí)體 Public interest entity

      關(guān)聯(lián)實(shí)體 Related entity

      審閱客戶 Review client

      審閱業(yè)務(wù) Review engagement

      審閱項(xiàng)目組 Review team

      輪換 Rotation

      防范措施 Safeguards

      自身利益 Self-interest

      自我評價 Self-review

      重要且密切的商業(yè)關(guān)系 Significant and close business relationship

      特殊目的財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Special purpose financial statements

      鑒證業(yè)務(wù)的對象 Subject matter of assurance engagement

      不利影響、威脅 Threats

      稅法

      兼營 Also engaged in

      應(yīng)計(jì)稅款 Accrued tax

      從價稅 Ad valorem tax

      加計(jì)扣除 Additional deduction

      附加稅 Additional tax/Surcharge

      所得額調(diào)整 Adjustment of income

      稅后所得 After-tax income

      準(zhǔn)予扣除數(shù) Allowable deductions

      稅收可抵免額 Allowable tax credit

      從量定額 Amount based on quantity

      增值額 Amount of appreciation/Value added

      銷售額 Amount of sales

      抵免稅額 Amount of tax credit

      應(yīng)納稅所得額 Amount of taxable income

      扣除項(xiàng)目金額 Amount of the deductions

      適用稅額 Applicable tax amount

      適用稅率 Applicable tax rates

      計(jì)稅成本 Assessable cost

      核定所得額 Assessable income

      平均成本利潤率 Average cost-plus margin rate

      平均銷售價格 Average sales price

      營業(yè)稅 Business tax

      偶然所得 Casual income

      所得項(xiàng)目 Category of income

      組成計(jì)稅價格 Composite taxable price

      本納稅年度 Current tax year

      所得稅申報(bào) Declaration of income tax

      扣除項(xiàng)目 Deductible items

      免稅項(xiàng)目扣除 Deduction of the tax exemption item

      契稅 Deed tax

      視同銷售 Deemed sales/sales equivalent

      免除納稅義務(wù) Discharge of tax obligation

      應(yīng)稅商品 Dutiable goods

      納稅義務(wù) Duty of tax payment

      權(quán)益性投資收益 Earning from equity investments

      雇員福利,職工福利 Employee benefit

      企業(yè)所得稅 Enterprise income tax

      國外所得收入 Foreign earned income

      一般納稅人 General taxpayer

      特許權(quán)使用費(fèi)所得 Income from franchise royalty

      利息、股息、紅利所得 Income from interests, dividends and bonuses

      勞務(wù)所得 Income from labor service

      財(cái)產(chǎn)租賃所得 Income from leasing of property

      生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營所得 Income from production and business operation

      轉(zhuǎn)讓財(cái)產(chǎn)所得 Income from property transfer

      工資薪金所得 Income from wages, salaries

      財(cái)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)讓收入 Income from property transfer

      所得稅抵免 Income tax credit

      申報(bào)繳納所得稅 Income tax declaration

      應(yīng)納所得稅 Income tax payable

      接受捐贈所得 Income from donation

      個人所得稅 Individual income tax

      增值稅進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額 Input value added tax

      非正常損失 Irregular loss

      滯納金 Late fee

      清算所得稅 Liquidation income tax

      最低應(yīng)納稅所得額 Minimum taxable income

      增值稅起征點(diǎn) Minimum threshold of value-added Tax

      混合銷售行為 Mixed sales activities

      所得稅前凈所得 Net income before income tax

      稅后凈利潤 Net profit after tax

      非貨幣資產(chǎn) Non-monetary asset

      不征稅收入 Non-taxable income

      不計(jì)入征稅范圍 Not included in the scope of taxable activities

      財(cái)產(chǎn)原值 Original value of the property/ Cost of property

      當(dāng)期銷項(xiàng)稅額 Output tax for the period

      增值稅銷項(xiàng)稅額 Output value added tax

      滯納稅款/欠稅 Overdue tax

      應(yīng)補(bǔ)繳稅款 Payment of tax in arrears

      累進(jìn)稅率 Progressive tax rate

      比例稅率 Proportional tax rate

      公益性捐贈 Public welfare donations

      房產(chǎn)稅 Real estate tax

      居民納稅人 Resident taxpayer

      資源稅 Resource tax

      含稅銷售額 Sales amount including tax

      所得稅征收范圍 Scope of income tax/Subject to income tax

      小規(guī)模納稅人 Small-scale taxpayer

      源泉扣繳 Source withholding

      納稅特別扣除項(xiàng)目 Special deductible items

      特殊性稅務(wù)處理 Special tax treatment

      印花稅 Stamp tax

      應(yīng)征稅額 Tax accrued

      稅額 Tax amounts

      稅基/計(jì)稅依據(jù) Tax base

      稅種 Tax category

      消費(fèi)稅稅率 Tax computation

      稅收抵免 Tax credit

      抵免限額 Tax credit quota

      納稅期限 Tax deadline

      稅前可扣除項(xiàng)目 Tax deductible items

      稅收減免 Tax deduction or exemption

      計(jì)稅差異 Tax differences

      到期應(yīng)納稅款 Tax due

      漏稅/逃稅 Tax evasion

      免稅 Tax exemption

      納稅申報(bào) Tax filing

      本期稅額 Tax for the period/year

      已納稅額 Tax paid

      應(yīng)納稅額 Tax payable

      納稅期限 Tax payment deadline

      稅率 Tax rate

      減稅 Tax reduction

      退稅 Tax refund

      稅收附加 Tax surcharge

      起征點(diǎn) Tax threshold

      計(jì)稅價格 Tax value/Taxable price

      減免稅額 Tax amount deducted

      應(yīng)稅所得 Taxable income

      應(yīng)稅項(xiàng)目 Taxable item

      納稅期間 Taxable period

      對股息征稅 Taxation of dividends

      免稅收入 Tax-exempt income

      免稅稅目 Tax-exempt item

      免稅利潤 Tax-exempt profit

      含稅價格 Tax-included price

      納稅人 Taxpayer

      土地使用稅 Urban land-use tax

      增值稅 Value added tax(VAT)

      土地增值稅 Value-added tax on land/Land appreciation tax

      增值稅減免 VAT exemption or reduction

      車船稅 Vehicle and vessel tax

      車輛購置稅 Vehicle purchase tax

      扣繳義務(wù)人 Withholding agent

      代扣代繳稅款 Withholding and remitting tax

      預(yù)提所得稅 Withholding income tax

      零稅率 Zero tax rate

      財(cái)務(wù)成本管理

      應(yīng)收賬款周轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù) Accounts receivable turnover

      應(yīng)收賬款周轉(zhuǎn)天數(shù) Accounts receivable turnover days

      取得成本 Acquisition cost

      實(shí)際增長率 Actual growth rate

      實(shí)際利率 Actual interest rate

      配股后每股價格 After-allotment price per share

      配股權(quán)價值 Allotment option value

      配股價格 Allotment price

      預(yù)付年金(即付年金、期初年金) Annuity due

      會計(jì)報(bào)酬率法 Accounting rate of return(ARR)

      平均交貨時間 Average delivery time

      貝塔(β)系數(shù) Beta coefficient

      債券評級 Bond rating

      債券估價 Bond valuation

      每股凈資產(chǎn) Book value per share(BPS)

      盈虧臨界點(diǎn) Break-even point

      保險(xiǎn)儲備(安全存量) Buffer inventory

      資本支出 Capital expenditure

      持有成本 Carrying cost

      現(xiàn)金預(yù)算 Cash budget

      現(xiàn)金股利 Cash dividend

      現(xiàn)金流量利息保障倍數(shù) Cash flow interest coverage ratio

      經(jīng)營活動現(xiàn)金流量 Cash flows from operational activities

      混合租賃 Combination lease

      傭金 Commission

      普通股 Common stock

      補(bǔ)償性余額 Compensating balance

      復(fù)利 Compound interest

      全面預(yù)算 Comprehensive budget

      企業(yè)價值評估 Corporate valuation

      成本性態(tài) Cost behavior

      成本中心 Cost centre

      成本的歸集和分配 Cost collection and allocation

      資本成本 Cost of capital

      稅后債務(wù)成本 Cost of debt after tax

      成本差異 Cost variance

      平息債券 Coupon bond

      債券票面利率 Coupon interest rate

      流動資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù) Current assets turnover

      流動資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)天數(shù) Current assets turnover days

      流動比率 Current ratio

      本期收入乘數(shù) Current sales multiplier

      債務(wù)市場 Debt market/Bond market

      資產(chǎn)負(fù)債率 Debt-to-asset ratio

      產(chǎn)權(quán)比率 Debt-to-equity ratio

      股利宣告日 Declaration date

      財(cái)務(wù)杠桿系數(shù) Degree of financial leverage(DFL)

      直接租賃

      Direct leasing

      折現(xiàn)率 Discount rate

      純貼現(xiàn)債券(零息債券) Discounted bond (Zero coupon bond)

      股利支付率 Dividend payout ratio

      經(jīng)營杠桿系數(shù) Degree of operating leverage(DOL)

      股價下行乘數(shù) Downstream price multiplier

      總杠桿系數(shù) Degree of total leverage (DTL)

      息前稅前利潤 Earnings before interests and taxes(EBIT)

      經(jīng)濟(jì)訂貨量 Economic order quantity(EOQ)

      每股盈余稀釋 EPS dilution

      每股盈余無差別點(diǎn)法 EPS indifferent point method(EBIT-EPS break even analysis)

      每股盈余最大化 EPS maximization

      每股盈余 Earnings per share(EPS)

      權(quán)益乘數(shù) Equity multiplier

      股權(quán)價值 Equity value

      經(jīng)濟(jì)增加值 Economic value added(EVA)

      除息日 Ex-dividend date

      執(zhí)行價格 Exercise price/Strike price

      外部融資銷售增長比 External financing needed to sales growth ratio

      融資租賃 Financial lease/Capital lease

      財(cái)務(wù)估價 Financial valuation

      完工產(chǎn)品 Finished goods

      固定預(yù)算 Fixed budget

      彈性預(yù)算 Flexible budget

      浮動利率 Floating interest rate

      浮動優(yōu)惠利率 Floating prime interest rate

      債務(wù)現(xiàn)金流量 Free cash flows of creditors

      股權(quán)現(xiàn)金流量 Free cash flows of equity

      實(shí)體現(xiàn)金流量 Free cash flows of firm

      復(fù)利終值系數(shù) FV interest factor

      預(yù)付年金終值系數(shù) FV interest factor of annuity due

      終值 Future value(FV)

      管理費(fèi)用 General and administrative expense

      持續(xù)經(jīng)營價值 Going concern value

      毛租賃 Gross lease

      營業(yè)現(xiàn)金毛流量 Gross operating cash flows

      套期保值原理 Hedging principle

      間接成本 Indirect cost

      通貨膨脹率 Inflation rate

      利息保障倍數(shù) Interest coverage ratio

      稅后利息率 Interest rate after tax

      內(nèi)含增長率 Internal growth rate

      內(nèi)部轉(zhuǎn)移價格 Internal transfer price

      內(nèi)在市銷率 Intrinsic sales multiplier

      內(nèi)在價值 Intrinsic value

      存貨周轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù) Inventory turnover

      存貨周轉(zhuǎn)天數(shù) Inventory turnover days

      投資中心 Investment center

      內(nèi)含報(bào)酬率法 Internal rate of return(IRR)

      非相關(guān)成本 Irrelevant cost

      發(fā)行價格 Issuance price

      租賃期

      Lease term

      租賃資產(chǎn) Leasehold property

      承租人 Lessee

      出租人 Lessor

      杠桿貢獻(xiàn)率 Leverage contributing ratio

      杠桿租賃 Leverage lease

      清算價值 Liquidation value

      短期償債能力比率 Liquidity ratios

      長期債券 Long-term bond

      制造費(fèi)用預(yù)算

      Manufacturing overhead budget

      邊際貢獻(xiàn)率 Marginal contribution ratio

      市場組合 Market portfolio

      市場價格 Market price

      市價稀釋 Market price dilution

      市場風(fēng)險(xiǎn)溢價 Market risk premium

      債券到期日 Maturity date

      市場增加值 Market value added(MAV)

      最大最小法 Maximin method

      企業(yè)價值最大化 Maximization of firm’s value

      股東財(cái)富最大化 Maximization of shareholders’ wealth

      混合成本 Mixed cost

      互斥項(xiàng)目 Mutually exclusive projects/events

      流通債券 Negotiable bond

      凈財(cái)務(wù)杠桿 Net financial leverage

      凈租賃 Net lease

      營業(yè)現(xiàn)金凈流量 Net operating cash flows

      銷售凈利率 Net profit margin

      凈現(xiàn)值法 NPV method

      凈現(xiàn)值 Net present value(NPV)

      經(jīng)營租賃 Operating lease

      經(jīng)營杠桿 Operating leverage

      機(jī)會成本 Opportunity cost

      期權(quán)價值 Option value

      訂貨提前期 Order lead time

      訂貨成本 Ordering cost

      普通年金(后付年金) Ordinary annuity

      債券面值 Par value/Face value

      回收期法 Payback period method

      股利支付日 Payment date

      經(jīng)營資產(chǎn)銷售百分比 Percentage of operating assets to sales

      經(jīng)營負(fù)債銷售百分比 Percentage of operating liabilities to sales

      銷售百分比法 Percentage-of-sales method

      期間成本 Period cost

      定期預(yù)算 Periodic budget

      永久債券 Perpetual bond

      永續(xù)年金 Perpetuity

      優(yōu)先股 Preferred stock

      現(xiàn)值指數(shù) Present value index

      產(chǎn)品成本預(yù)算 Product cost budget

      生產(chǎn)預(yù)算 Production budget

      生產(chǎn)成本 Production cost

      制造費(fèi)用 Production overhead

      利潤中心 Profit center

      利潤最大化 Profit maximization

      項(xiàng)目特有風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Project-specific risk

      公開增發(fā) Public offering

      復(fù)利現(xiàn)值系數(shù) PV interest factor

      預(yù)付年金現(xiàn)值系數(shù) PV interest factor of annuity due

      現(xiàn)值 Present value(PV)

      速動比率 Quick ratio

      股權(quán)登記日 Record date

      共同年限法 Replacement chain (common life) approach

      必要報(bào)酬率 Required rate of return

      剩余股利政策 Residual dividend policy

      剩余權(quán)益收益 Residual equity income

      剩余凈金融支出 Residual net financial expenditure

      剩余經(jīng)營收益 Residual operating income

      責(zé)任中心 Responsibility center

      利潤留存率 Retention ratio

      權(quán)益凈利率 Return on equity

      投資報(bào)酬率 Return on investment

      收入中心 Revenue center

      無風(fēng)險(xiǎn)利率 Risk-free interest rate

      無風(fēng)險(xiǎn)報(bào)酬率 Risk-free rate of return

      安全邊際率 Safety margin ratio

      銷售預(yù)算 Sales budget

      銷售費(fèi)用 Sales expense

      銷售預(yù)測 Sales forecast

      銷售增長率 Sales growth rate

      代銷 Sales on commission

      銷售數(shù)量 Sales volume

      股東權(quán)益增長率 Shareholders’ equity growth ratio

      短缺成本 Shortage cost

      證券市場線 Security market line(SML)

      標(biāo)準(zhǔn)成本 Standard cost

      股票股利 Stock dividend

      股價最大化 Stock price maximization

      股票回購 Stock repurchase

      股票分割 Stock split

      儲存成本 Storage cost

      沉沒成本 Sunk cost

      可持續(xù)增長率 Sustainable growth rate

      系統(tǒng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(市場風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、不可分散風(fēng)險(xiǎn)) Systematic risk (Market risk/Non-diversifiable risk)

      目標(biāo)資本結(jié)構(gòu) Target capital structure

      時間溢價 Time premium

      貨幣的時間價值 Time value of money

      固定成本總額 Total fixed cost

      標(biāo)的資產(chǎn) Underlying assets

      包銷 Underwrite

      單位銷售價格 Unit sales price

      單位變動成本 Unit variable costs

      股價上行乘數(shù) Upstream price multiplier

      變動成本率 Variable cost ratio

      加權(quán)平均資本成本 Weighted average cost of capital(WACC)

      營運(yùn)資本投資 Working capital investment

      在產(chǎn)品 Work-in-progress

      到期收益率法 Yield-to-maturity method(YTM method)

      公司戰(zhàn)略與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理

      低增長—強(qiáng)競爭地位的“現(xiàn)金牛”業(yè)務(wù) “Cash cow” position : slow growth - high competitiveness

      低增長—弱競爭地位的“瘦狗”業(yè)務(wù) “Dog” position : slow growth - low competitiveness

      高增長—低競爭地位的“問題”業(yè)務(wù) “Question mark” position : high growth - low competitiveness

      高增長—強(qiáng)競爭地位的“明星”業(yè)務(wù) “Star” position : high growth - high competitiveness

      放棄戰(zhàn)略 Abandon strategy

      競爭環(huán)境分析 Analysis of competitive environment

      競爭對手分析 Analysis of competitors

      企業(yè)能力分析 Analysis of corporate competencies and capabilities

      企業(yè)資源分析 Analysis of corporate resources

      宏觀環(huán)境分析 Analysis of macro-environment

      市場需求分析 Analysis of market demand

      分析型戰(zhàn)略 Analytical strategy

      審計(jì)委員會 Audit committee

      平衡計(jì)分卡 Balanced scorecard

      基準(zhǔn)分析 Benchmarking analysis

      藍(lán)海戰(zhàn)略 Blue Ocean strategy

      波士頓矩陣 Boston matrix

      業(yè)務(wù)單位戰(zhàn)略(競爭戰(zhàn)略) Business (Competitive) strategy

      經(jīng)營目標(biāo) Business objectives

      運(yùn)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Business risk

      業(yè)務(wù)單元 Business unit

      事業(yè)部制組織結(jié)構(gòu) Business unit organization structure

      戰(zhàn)略變革 Change management in strategy

      內(nèi)部信息傳遞 Communication of internal information

      全面風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 Comprehensive risk management

      收縮戰(zhàn)略 Contraction strategy

      控制活動 Control activities

      控制環(huán)境 Control environment

      公司治理 Corporate governance

      總體戰(zhàn)略 Corporate strategy

      成本領(lǐng)先戰(zhàn)略 Cost leadership strategy

      懲治成本 Cost of punishment

      損失成本 Cost of total loss

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理成本與效益 Costs and benefits of risk management

      信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Credit risk

      文化與績效 Culture and performance

      客戶細(xì)分或市場細(xì)分事業(yè)部制結(jié)構(gòu) Customer segmentation/Market segmentation business structure

      消費(fèi)動機(jī) Customer’s motivation

      負(fù)債和杠桿作用 Debt and gearing

      扁平型結(jié)構(gòu) Decentralized structure

      決策支持系統(tǒng) Decision support system

      防御型戰(zhàn)略 Defensive strategy

      制定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理策略 Development of risk management strategy

      發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 Development strategy

      鉆石模型 Diamond model

      差異化戰(zhàn)略 Differentiation strategy

      直接投資 Direct investment

      多元化并購 Diversified merger and acquisition

      多種經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略 Diversified strategy

      壟斷優(yōu)勢理論 Dominance advantage theory

      每股盈余或市凈率 Earnings per share or price to book ratio

      效率 Efficiency

      生產(chǎn)要素

      Elements in production

      內(nèi)部控制的要素 Elements of internal control

      創(chuàng)業(yè)型組織結(jié)構(gòu) Entrepreneurial organization structure

      自然環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Environment risk

      股權(quán)投資 Equity investment

      評估成本 Evaluation cost

      事項(xiàng)識別 Event identification

      處置成本 Execution cost

      實(shí)地查驗(yàn) Field inspection

      財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與經(jīng)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的搭配 Financial risk and business risk

      內(nèi)部控制的五大要素 Five elements in internal control

      產(chǎn)業(yè)五種競爭力 Five forces in the competitive approach

      集中化戰(zhàn)略 Focus strategy

      緊縮與集中戰(zhàn)略 Focused strategy

      職能制組織結(jié)構(gòu) Functional organization structure

      職能戰(zhàn)略 Functional strategy

      資金活動 Fund-related activities

      全球化戰(zhàn)略 Globalization strategy

      毛利率與凈利潤率 Gross profit margin and net profit margin

      增長型戰(zhàn)略 Growth strategy

      開拓型戰(zhàn)略 Growth strategy

      擔(dān)保業(yè)務(wù) Guarantee business

      H型結(jié)構(gòu)(控股企業(yè)/控股集團(tuán)組織結(jié)構(gòu)) H type organization structure (Holding company/Group organization structure)

      高經(jīng)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與高財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)搭配 High business risk, high financial risk

      高經(jīng)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與低財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)搭配 High business risk, low financial risk

      高長型結(jié)構(gòu) High growth structure

      橫向并購 Horizontal merger and acquisition

      增量預(yù)算 Incremental budgeting

      產(chǎn)品生命周期 Industry life cycle

      產(chǎn)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Industry risk

      信息與溝通 Information and communication

      一體化戰(zhàn)略 Integrated strategy

      后向一體化戰(zhàn)略 Integrated strategy - Backward

      前向一體化戰(zhàn)略 Integrated strategy - Forward

      橫向一體化戰(zhàn)略 Integrated strategy - Horizontal

      縱向一體化戰(zhàn)略 Integrated strategy - Vertical

      產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)現(xiàn)有企業(yè)的競爭 Intensity of industry rivalry

      密集型戰(zhàn)略 Intensive strategy

      內(nèi)部控制 Internal control

      多國本土化戰(zhàn)略 International subsidiaries strategy

      國際戰(zhàn)略 Internationalization strategy

      資源的不可替代性 Irreplaceable resources

      合資經(jīng)營 Joint investment business

      準(zhǔn)時生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng) Just-in-time system(JIT)

      杠桿收購 Leveraged buy-out

      法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Litigation risk

      長期目標(biāo) Long-term objective

      維持成本 Maintenance cost

      管理信息系統(tǒng) Management information system

      市場開發(fā)——現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品和新市場 Market development - existing product and new market

      市場滲透——現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品和現(xiàn)有市場 Market penetration - existing product and existing market

      重要缺陷 Material deficiency

      矩陣制組織結(jié)構(gòu) Matrix organization structure

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)度量 Measurement of risk

      公司戰(zhàn)略的現(xiàn)代概念 Modern concept of corporate strategy

      監(jiān)督 Monitoring

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的監(jiān)督與改進(jìn) Monitoring and improvement of risk management

      M型企業(yè)組織結(jié)構(gòu)(多部門結(jié)構(gòu)) Multi-divisional organization structure

      非杠桿收購 Non leveraged buy-out

      內(nèi)部控制的目標(biāo) Objectives of internal control

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的目標(biāo) Objectives of risk management

      現(xiàn)場檢查 On-site inspection

      運(yùn)行缺陷 Operating deficiency

      操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Operational risk

      期權(quán)合約 Options contracts

      組織管理能力 Organization management ability

      組織資源 Organization resources

      組織架構(gòu) Organization structure

      業(yè)務(wù)外包 Outsourcing

      信息系統(tǒng)外包 Out-sourcing of information system

      人員導(dǎo)向性 People-driven

      績效評估 Performance evaluation

      資源的持久性 Persistence of the resources owned

      PEST分析 PEST analysis

      政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Political risk

      供應(yīng)者、購買者討價還價的能力 Power of buyers or suppliers

      預(yù)防成本 Prevention cost

      基本活動(又稱主體活動) Primary activities

      內(nèi)部控制的原則 Principles of internal control

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理基本流程 Process of risk management

      采購業(yè)務(wù) Procurement activities

      產(chǎn)品開發(fā)——新產(chǎn)品和現(xiàn)有市場 Product development - new product and existing market

      產(chǎn)品/品牌事業(yè)部制結(jié)構(gòu) Product/Brand business structure

      生產(chǎn)流程計(jì)劃 Production process planning

      生產(chǎn)運(yùn)營 Production and operation

      生產(chǎn)管理能力 Production management ability

      產(chǎn)能計(jì)劃 Production plan

      盈利能力和回報(bào)率指標(biāo) Profitability and rate of return measurement

      質(zhì)量管理 Quality management

      反應(yīng)型戰(zhàn)略 Reactive strategy

      相關(guān)多元化 Related diversification

      研究與開發(fā) Research and development

      研發(fā)能力 Research and development ability

      已動用資本報(bào)酬率(投資回報(bào)率或凈資產(chǎn)回報(bào)率) Return of capital employed(ROCE)/Return of investment(ROI)/Return of net assets(RONA)

      轉(zhuǎn)向戰(zhàn)略 Reverse strategy

      激勵和獎勵機(jī)制 Reward and incentive system

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)承擔(dān) Risk acceptance

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)偏好 Risk appetite

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估 Risk assessment

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避 Risk avoidance

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償 Risk compensation

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制 Risk control

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換 Risk conversion

      風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移 Risk transfer

      角色導(dǎo)向型 Role-driven

      證券投資 Securities investment

      重大缺陷 Significant deficiency

      穩(wěn)定戰(zhàn)略 Stable strategy

      利益相關(guān)者 stakeholders

      企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟 Strategic alliances

      戰(zhàn)略分析 Strategic analysis

      外部環(huán)境分析 Strategic analysis – External environment

      戰(zhàn)略業(yè)務(wù)單位組織結(jié)構(gòu) Strategic business unit organization structure(SBU)

      戰(zhàn)略控制系統(tǒng) Strategic control system

      戰(zhàn)略群組 Strategic group

      戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo) Strategic objective

      國際化經(jīng)營的戰(zhàn)略類型 Strategic options for international business

      業(yè)績計(jì)量 Strategic performance evaluation

      戰(zhàn)略風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Strategic risk

      內(nèi)部環(huán)境分析 Strategy analysis - Internal environment

      發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 Strategy development

      戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施 Strategy implementation

      戰(zhàn)略管理過程 Strategy management process

      戰(zhàn)略選擇 Strategy selection

      繼任計(jì)劃 Succession planning

      技術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Technology risk

      潛在進(jìn)入者的進(jìn)入威脅 Threat of new entrants

      替代品的替代威脅 Threat of substitutes

      跨國戰(zhàn)略 Transnational strategy

      非相關(guān)多元化 Unrelated diversification

      戰(zhàn)略失效 Unsuccessful strategy

      價值鏈分析 Value chain analysis

      縱向并購 Vertical merger and acquisition

      零基預(yù)算 Zero-based budgeting

      經(jīng)濟(jì)法

      承諾 Acceptance

      收購人 Acquirer

      要約收購 Acquisition by offer

      上市公司收購 Acquisition of a listed company

      資產(chǎn)收購 Acquisition of assets

      實(shí)際出資人 Actual capital contributor

      實(shí)際控制 Actual control

      實(shí)際控制人 Actual controller

      臨時報(bào)告 Ad hoc report

      管理人 Administrator

      入伙 Admission to a partnership

      代理/受托人 Agent

      協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)讓 Agree to transfer

      合同變更 Alter of contract

      年度報(bào)告 Annual report

      關(guān)聯(lián)交易 Associated transaction

      公司章程 Association of articles

      破產(chǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn) Bankrupt property

      破產(chǎn)債權(quán) Bankruptcy creditor

      破產(chǎn)費(fèi)用 Bankruptcy expenses

      破產(chǎn)法 Bankruptcy Law

      基準(zhǔn)日 Base date

      大宗交易 Block trading

      董事會 Board of directors

      監(jiān)事會 Board of supervisors

      民事行為能力 Capacity for civil conducts

      董事長 Chairperson of the board

      民事權(quán)利能力 Civil rights

      集體所有權(quán) Collective ownership

      公司分立 Company demergers

      公司法 Company Law

      股份有限公司 Company limited

      公司合并 Company mergers

      經(jīng)營者集中 Concentration of operators

      一致行動 Consistent act

      合同法 Contract Law

      承攬人/承包人 Contractor

      委托合同 Contracts for commission

      承攬合同 Contracts for work

      控股股東 Controlling shareholders

      可轉(zhuǎn)換公司債券 Convertible bond

      協(xié)同行為 Coordinated behavior

      公司債券 Corporate bond

      信用評級 Credit rating

      債權(quán)人委員會 Creditors’ committee

      債權(quán)人會議 Creditors’ meeting

      違約金 Damages for breach of contract

      債務(wù)人財(cái)產(chǎn) Debtor’s property

      破產(chǎn)宣告 Declaration of bankruptcy

      減資 Decrease of capital

      故意 Deliberate intention

      標(biāo)的物 Delivery of the object

      定金 Deposits

      注銷登記 Deregistration

      董事 Directors

      清償 Discharge

      持股權(quán)益披露 Disclosure of shareholders’ interest

      任意公積金 Discretionary reserve fund

      合同的解除 Dismissal of contract

      處分權(quán) Disposal right

      解散 Dissolution

      新設(shè)分立 Division by new establishment

      贈與 Donation

      提存 Drawing

      選舉權(quán) Election rights

      發(fā)包人 Employer

      股權(quán)收購 Equities acquisition

      合同成立 Establishment of a contract

      核準(zhǔn) Examination and approval

      免責(zé)條款 Exclusion clauses

      執(zhí)行董事 Executive directors

      除名 Expel

      臨時股東大會 Extraordinary general meeting

      不可抗力 Force majeure

      欺詐 Fraud

      無償劃撥 Free allotment

      股東大會 General meeting of shareholders

      普通合伙人 General partners

      普通合伙企業(yè) General partnership enterprises

      政府債券 Government bond

      重大過失 Gross fault

      保證人 Guarantor

      擔(dān)保 Guaranty

      擔(dān)保合同 Guaranty contracts

      保證期間 Guaranty period

      不動產(chǎn) Immovable property/Real estate

      獨(dú)立董事 Independent directors

      間接收購 Indirect takeover

      首次公開發(fā)行 Initial public offering(IPO)

      內(nèi)幕交易 Insider trading

      資不抵債 Insolvency

      脅迫 Intimidation

      無效行為 Invalid activities

      出資義務(wù) Investment obligation

      非公開發(fā)行 Issuance in a non-public manner

      連帶責(zé)任保證 Joint and several liability guarantee

      共同共有 Joint co-ownership

      正當(dāng)理由 Justified reasons

      土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán) Land contractual operating rights

      租賃物 Leased property

      法人財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán) Legal person property rights

      法定代理人 Legal representatives

      違約責(zé)任 Liability for breach of contract

      訴訟時效 Limitation of action

      有限責(zé)任公司 Limited liability company

      有限合伙人 Limited partner

      有限合伙企業(yè) Limited partnership enterprise

      限定交易 Limited trading

      清算組 Liquidation committee

      清算義務(wù)人 Liquidation obligor

      上市公司 Listed company

      管理層收購 Management buyout

      強(qiáng)制要約 Mandatory offer

      操縱市場行為 Market rigging

      市場份額 Market share

      重大資產(chǎn)重組 Material assets reorganization

      吸收合并 Merger by absorption

      新設(shè)合并 Merger by consolidation

      少數(shù)股東權(quán)益 Minority shareholder rights

      壟斷行為 Monopolistic practices

      壟斷 Monopoly

      抵押權(quán) Mortgage

      動產(chǎn) Movable property

      名義股東 Nominee shareholder

      非貨幣財(cái)產(chǎn)出資 Non-monetary contribution

      不可替代物 Non-substitute

      善意取得 Obtain in good faith

      要約 Offer

      抵銷 Offset

      經(jīng)營者 Operators

      所有權(quán) Ownership

      有償出讓 Paid transfer

      履行 Perform

      重整期間 Period of reorganization

      定期報(bào)告 Periodic report

      配股 Placing

      質(zhì)權(quán) Pledge rights

      優(yōu)先清償 Preferential repayment

      委托人 Principal

      私人所有權(quán) Private ownership

      破產(chǎn)和解程序 Procedure of settlement for bankruptcy

      加工 Processing

      利潤分配 Profit distribution

      發(fā)起人 Promoter

      發(fā)起設(shè)立 Promotion

      招股說明書 Prospectus

      公積金 Provident fund

      物權(quán)法 Real Rights Law

      注冊資本 Registered capital

      重整 Reorganization

      收購報(bào)告書 Report of acquisition

      要約收購報(bào)告書 Reports of acquisition by offer

      股東會決議 Resolution of shareholders’ meeting

      可撤銷合同 Revocable contract

      知情權(quán) Right to know

      提議權(quán) Right to propose

      破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán) Right to rescind bankruptcy

      優(yōu)先受償權(quán) Right to seek preferential payments of compensation

      證券法 Securities Law

      證券服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu) Securities trading service institutions

      自益權(quán) Self-benefit right

      股東會 Shareholders’ meeting

      短線交易 Short swing trading

      簡易交付 Simple delivery

      一人有限責(zé)任公司 Single shareholder limited liability company

      中小企業(yè)板 Small and medium enterprise (SME) board

      個人獨(dú)資企業(yè) Sole proprietorship enterprises

      保薦人 Sponsor

      國家所有權(quán) State ownership

      法定退伙 Statutory withdrawal from the partnership

      募集設(shè)立 Stock flotation

      股票 Stocks

      停止支付 Stop paying/ Terminate payment

      代位權(quán) Subrogation

      認(rèn)購股份 Subscription of shares

      可替代物 Substitute

      監(jiān)事 Supervisors

      補(bǔ)充協(xié)議 Supplementary terms

      盈余公積金 Surplus reserve

      暫停上市 Suspend the listing

      停牌 Suspend trading

      持續(xù)盈利能力 Sustainable profitability

      終止上市 Terminate the listing

      合同終止 Terminated contract

      從物 The auxiliary property

      消費(fèi)者利益 The interests of consumers

      原物 The original object

      主物 The principal property

      股東名冊 The register of shareholders

      破產(chǎn)抵銷權(quán) The right of set-off

      一般取回權(quán) The right to retrieve

      民事撤銷權(quán) The right to revoke

      交易相對人 Trading counterparties

      停市 Trading halt

      過戶 Transfer (of securities)

      債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓 Transfer of the creditor’s rights

      不能清償 Unable/Fails to pay off

      承銷 Undertaking

      承銷商 Underwriter

      非上市公眾公司 Unlisted public company

      用益物權(quán) Usufruct rights

      要約有效期 Valid period of an offer

      無效合同 Void contract

      一人一票 Voting method of one vote for one

      表決權(quán) Voting rights

      債務(wù)的免除 Waived obligations

      豁免 Waiver

      認(rèn)股權(quán)證 Warrant

      合同簽訂地 Where a contract is signed

      國有獨(dú)資公司 Wholly state-owned company

      抽逃出資 Withdraw paid-in capital

      退伙 Withdrawal from the partnership


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