一、測試目標(biāo) 注冊會計(jì)師全國統(tǒng)一考試綜合階段考試(以下簡稱綜合階段考試)主要測試考生是否具備在職業(yè)環(huán)境中運(yùn)用專業(yè)知識,保持職業(yè)價值觀、職業(yè)道德與職業(yè)態(tài)度,有效解決實(shí)務(wù)問題的能力,其中包括在國際環(huán)境下運(yùn)用英語進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)處理的能力。綜合階段考試要求考生在掌握專業(yè)階段各學(xué)科知識和基本技能的基礎(chǔ)上,通過必要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累,能夠綜合運(yùn)用各學(xué)科知識和相關(guān)技能對職業(yè)環(huán)境中的實(shí)務(wù)案例,進(jìn)行信息的篩選、甄別和判斷,識別業(yè)務(wù)問題的性質(zhì)、影響和要求等,運(yùn)用所掌握的信息、知識進(jìn)行深入的業(yè)務(wù)和財(cái)務(wù)分析及處理,提出有效的意見、建議或解決方案,并清晰地進(jìn)行表達(dá)闡述。具體來講,考察考生下列能力: (一)與認(rèn)知、分析和評價相關(guān)的能力 1.識別業(yè)務(wù)、技術(shù)和職業(yè)道德問題; 2.應(yīng)用技術(shù)知識,確定需要解決的問題; 3.理解更廣泛的實(shí)體的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動; 4.憑借已有知識、經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及邏輯推理的能力,理解所要解決問題和資料的相關(guān)性; 5.選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆治龉ぞ撸? 6.依據(jù)要求、現(xiàn)狀和數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行分析; 7.評價信息的質(zhì)量; 8.分析優(yōu)勢、弱點(diǎn)、機(jī)會和威脅,并根據(jù)輕重緩急作出恰當(dāng)判斷; 9.考慮競爭對手、企業(yè)內(nèi)部人員以及其他各方的反應(yīng); 10.根據(jù)事件、影響、假設(shè)以及分析所形成的信息,得出結(jié)論,提出建議。 (二)與書面溝通和表達(dá)相關(guān)的能力 在分析、判斷和解決問題時,思路清晰、論據(jù)充分、邏輯嚴(yán)密、表達(dá)流暢。 二、實(shí)務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求 考生參加綜合階段考試,應(yīng)當(dāng)在參加注冊會計(jì)師全國統(tǒng)一考試專業(yè)階段考試過程中積累實(shí)務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,持續(xù)加強(qiáng)實(shí)務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的積累。建議考生圍繞以下幾個方面積累實(shí)務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn): 1.保持職業(yè)敏感性和經(jīng)營意識——能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)或意識到企業(yè)內(nèi)部、外部的問題和壓力的變化,并能評估企業(yè)的績效,有效識別和應(yīng)對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 2.應(yīng)用技術(shù)知識——能夠在實(shí)際工作中應(yīng)用專業(yè)知識和技能。 3.解決職業(yè)道德問題——能夠識別職業(yè)道德問題,并運(yùn)用已有的知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)評估事項(xiàng)的可能影響,作出恰當(dāng)?shù)臎Q策并提出處理建議。 4.運(yùn)用職業(yè)判斷——能夠提出恰當(dāng)、有效的,并符合組織戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)的專業(yè)處理建議。 5.具有良好溝通能力——能夠通過恰當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá),使提出的處理建議和解決方案有效地影響利益相關(guān)者。 三、測試科目 綜合階段考試設(shè)職業(yè)能力綜合測試科目,分成試卷一和試卷二(試卷一和試卷二各50分)。試卷一以鑒證業(yè)務(wù)為重點(diǎn),內(nèi)容涉及會計(jì)、審計(jì)和稅法等專業(yè)領(lǐng)域;試卷二以管理咨詢和業(yè)務(wù)分析為重點(diǎn),內(nèi)容涉及財(cái)務(wù)成本管理、公司戰(zhàn)略與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理和經(jīng)濟(jì)法等專業(yè)領(lǐng)域。試卷一設(shè)置英文題10分,試卷二設(shè)置英文題12分。試卷一和試卷二考試時間均為3.5小時。 四、測試內(nèi)容 職業(yè)能力綜合測試包括但不限于以下內(nèi)容: (一)會計(jì) 1.金融資產(chǎn) (1)金融資產(chǎn)的定義和分類 (2)以公允價值計(jì)量且其變動計(jì)入當(dāng)期損益的金融資產(chǎn) (3)持有至到期投資 (4)貸款和應(yīng)收款項(xiàng) (5)可供出售金融資產(chǎn) (6)金融資產(chǎn)減值 (7)金融資產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移 2.長期股權(quán)投資 (1)長期股權(quán)投資的初始計(jì)量 (2)長期股權(quán)投資的后續(xù)計(jì)量 (3)長期股權(quán)投資核算方法的轉(zhuǎn)換及處置 3.固定資產(chǎn) (1)固定資產(chǎn)的確認(rèn)和初始計(jì)量 (2)固定資產(chǎn)的后續(xù)計(jì)量 (3)固定資產(chǎn)的處置 4.無形資產(chǎn) (1)無形資產(chǎn)的確認(rèn)和初始計(jì)量 (2)內(nèi)部研究開發(fā)費(fèi)用的確認(rèn)和計(jì)量 (3)無形資產(chǎn)的后續(xù)計(jì)量 5.投資性房地產(chǎn) (1)投資性房地產(chǎn)的特征與范圍 (2)投資性房地產(chǎn)的確認(rèn)和初始計(jì)量 (3)投資性房地產(chǎn)的后續(xù)計(jì)量 (4)投資性房地產(chǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)換和處置 6.資產(chǎn)減值 (1)資產(chǎn)減值概述 (2)資產(chǎn)可收回金額的計(jì)量 (3)資產(chǎn)減值損失的確認(rèn)與計(jì)量 (4)資產(chǎn)組的認(rèn)定及減值處理 (5)商譽(yù)減值測試與處理 7.收入、費(fèi)用和利潤 (1)收入 (2)費(fèi)用 (3)利潤 8.債務(wù)重組 (1)債務(wù)重組的定義和重組方式 (2)債務(wù)重組的會計(jì)處理 9.借款費(fèi)用 (1)借款費(fèi)用概述 (2)借款費(fèi)用的確認(rèn) (3)借款費(fèi)用的計(jì)量 10.所得稅 (1)所得稅會計(jì)概述 (2)資產(chǎn)、負(fù)債的計(jì)稅基礎(chǔ)及暫時性差異 (3)遞延所得稅負(fù)債及遞延所得稅資產(chǎn)的確認(rèn) (4)所得稅費(fèi)用的確認(rèn)和計(jì)量 11.會計(jì)政策、會計(jì)估計(jì)變更和差錯更正 (1)會計(jì)政策及其變更 (2)會計(jì)估計(jì)及其變更 (3)前期差錯及其更正 12.資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表日后事項(xiàng) (1)資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表日后事項(xiàng)概述 (2)調(diào)整事項(xiàng)的會計(jì)處理 (3)非調(diào)整事項(xiàng)的會計(jì)處理 13.企業(yè)合并 (1)企業(yè)合并概述 (2)同一控制下企業(yè)合并的處理 (3)非同一控制下企業(yè)合并的處理 14.合并財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 (1)合并財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表概述 (2)合并范圍的確定 (3)合并財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表編制的前期準(zhǔn)備事項(xiàng)及其程序 (4)長期股權(quán)投資與所有者權(quán)益的合并處理(同一控制下) (5)長期股權(quán)投資與所有者權(quán)益的合并處理(非同一控制下) (6)內(nèi)部商品交易的合并處理 (7)內(nèi)部債權(quán)債務(wù)的合并處理 (8)內(nèi)部固定資產(chǎn)交易的合并處理 (9)內(nèi)部無形資產(chǎn)交易的合并處理 (10)所得稅會計(jì)相關(guān)的合并處理 (11)合并現(xiàn)金流量表的編制 (12)本期增加子公司和減少子公司的合并處理 15.每股收益 (1)每股收益概述 (2)基本每股收益 (3)稀釋每股收益 (4)每股收益的列報(bào) (二)審計(jì) 1.審計(jì)計(jì)劃 (1)初步業(yè)務(wù)活動 (2)總體審計(jì)策略和具體審計(jì)計(jì)劃 (3)審計(jì)重要性 (4)利用專家的工作 (5)利用內(nèi)部審計(jì)工作 (6)注冊會計(jì)師與治理層的溝通 2.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估 (1)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估程序、信息來源以及項(xiàng)目組內(nèi)部的討論 (2)了解被審計(jì)單位及其環(huán)境 (3)了解被審計(jì)單位的內(nèi)部控制 (4)評估重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) (5)特定項(xiàng)目的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估 3.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對 (1)針對財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表層次重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的總體應(yīng)對措施 (2)針對認(rèn)定層次重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的進(jìn)一步審計(jì)程序 (3)控制測試 (4)實(shí)質(zhì)性程序 (5)特定項(xiàng)目的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對 4.銷售與收款循環(huán)的審計(jì) (1)銷售與收款循環(huán)的特點(diǎn) (2)銷售與收款循環(huán)的內(nèi)部控制和控制測試 (3)銷售與收款循環(huán)的實(shí)質(zhì)性程序 5.采購與付款循環(huán)的審計(jì) (1)采購與付款循環(huán)的特點(diǎn) (2)采購與付款循環(huán)的內(nèi)部控制和控制測試 (3)采購與付款循環(huán)的實(shí)質(zhì)性程序 6.生產(chǎn)與存貨循環(huán)的審計(jì) (1)生產(chǎn)與存貨循環(huán)的特點(diǎn) (2)生產(chǎn)與存貨循環(huán)的內(nèi)部控制和控制測試 (3)生產(chǎn)與存貨循環(huán)的實(shí)質(zhì)性程序 7.對舞弊和法律法規(guī)的考慮 (1)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表審計(jì)中與舞弊相關(guān)的責(zé)任 (2)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表審計(jì)中對法律法規(guī)的考慮 8.對集團(tuán)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表審計(jì)的特殊考慮 (1)與集團(tuán)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表審計(jì)有關(guān)的概念 (2)集團(tuán)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表審計(jì)中的責(zé)任設(shè)定和注冊會計(jì)師的目標(biāo) (3)集團(tuán)審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù)的承接與保持 (4)了解集團(tuán)及其環(huán)境、集團(tuán)組成部分及其環(huán)境 (5)了解組成部分注冊會計(jì)師 (6)重要性 (7)針對評估的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)采取的應(yīng)對措施 (8)合并過程 (9)與組成部分注冊會計(jì)師的溝通 (10)評價審計(jì)證據(jù)的充分性和適當(dāng)性 (11)與集團(tuán)管理層和集團(tuán)治理層的溝通 9.完成審計(jì)工作 (1)完成審計(jì)工作概述 (2)期后事項(xiàng) (3)書面聲明 10.審計(jì)報(bào)告 (1)審計(jì)報(bào)告概述 (2)審計(jì)意見的形成和審計(jì)報(bào)告的類型 (3)審計(jì)報(bào)告的基本內(nèi)容 (4)非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)審計(jì)報(bào)告 11.會計(jì)師事務(wù)所業(yè)務(wù)質(zhì)量控制 (1)質(zhì)量控制制度的目標(biāo)和對業(yè)務(wù)質(zhì)量承擔(dān)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)責(zé)任 (2)相關(guān)職業(yè)道德要求 (3)客戶關(guān)系和具體業(yè)務(wù)的接受與保持 (4)人力資源 (5)業(yè)務(wù)執(zhí)行 (6)監(jiān)控 12.職業(yè)道德基本原則和概念框架 (1)職業(yè)道德基本原則 (2)職業(yè)道德概念框架 (3)注冊會計(jì)師對職業(yè)道德概念框架的具體運(yùn)用 (4)非執(zhí)業(yè)會員對職業(yè)道德概念框架的運(yùn)用 13.審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù)對獨(dú)立性的要求 (1)基本要求 (2)經(jīng)濟(jì)利益 (3)貸款和擔(dān)保以及商業(yè)關(guān)系、家庭和私人關(guān)系 (4)與審計(jì)客戶發(fā)生雇傭關(guān)系 (5)與審計(jì)客戶長期存在業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系 (6)為審計(jì)客戶提供非鑒證服務(wù) (7)收費(fèi) (8)影響?yīng)毩⑿缘钠渌马?xiàng) (三)稅法 1.增值稅法 (1)征稅范圍及納稅義務(wù)人 (2)稅率與征收率 (3)一般計(jì)稅方法應(yīng)納稅額的計(jì)算 (4)特殊經(jīng)營行為的稅務(wù)處理 (5)進(jìn)口貨物征稅、出口貨物和服務(wù)退(免)稅 (6)增值稅征收管理、專用發(fā)票的使用與管理 2.消費(fèi)稅法 (1)納稅義務(wù)人與征稅范圍 (2)稅目與稅率 (3)計(jì)稅依據(jù)與應(yīng)納稅額計(jì)算 3.營業(yè)稅法 (1)納稅義務(wù)人與扣繳義務(wù)人 (2)稅目與稅率 (3)計(jì)稅依據(jù) (4)應(yīng)納稅額計(jì)算與特殊經(jīng)營行為的稅務(wù)處理 (5)稅收優(yōu)惠 4.資源稅法和土地增值稅法 (1)資源稅納稅義務(wù)人、稅目與稅率 (2)資源稅計(jì)稅依據(jù)與應(yīng)納稅額的計(jì)算 (3)資源稅稅收優(yōu)惠和征收管理 (4)土地增值稅納稅義務(wù)人與征稅范圍 (5)土地增值稅稅率、應(yīng)稅收入與扣除項(xiàng)目 (6)土地增值稅應(yīng)納稅額的計(jì)算 (7)土地增值稅稅收優(yōu)惠和征收管理 5.房產(chǎn)稅法、城鎮(zhèn)土地使用稅法 (1)房產(chǎn)稅法 (2)城鎮(zhèn)土地使用稅法 6.企業(yè)所得稅法 (1)應(yīng)納稅所得額的計(jì)算 (2)資產(chǎn)的稅務(wù)處理和資產(chǎn)損失稅前扣除的所得稅處理 (3)企業(yè)重組的所得稅處理 (4)稅收優(yōu)惠 (5)應(yīng)納稅額的計(jì)算 (6)特別納稅調(diào)整 (7)征收管理 7.個人所得稅法 (1)納稅義務(wù)人與征稅范圍 (2)稅率與應(yīng)納稅所得額的確定 (3)應(yīng)納稅額的計(jì)算 (4)稅收優(yōu)惠 8.稅務(wù)籌劃 (四)財(cái)務(wù)成本管理 1.財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析 (1)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析概述 (2)財(cái)務(wù)比率分析 (3)管理用財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析 2.長期計(jì)劃與財(cái)務(wù)預(yù)測 (1)長期計(jì)劃 (2)財(cái)務(wù)預(yù)測 (3)增長率與資金需求 3.財(cái)務(wù)估價的基礎(chǔ)概念 (1)貨幣的時間價值 (2)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和報(bào)酬 4.債券和股票估價 (1)債券估價 (2)股票估價 5.資本成本 (1)資本成本概述 (2)普通股成本 (3)債務(wù)成本 (4)加權(quán)平均資本成本 6.企業(yè)價值評估 (1)現(xiàn)金流量折現(xiàn)模型 (2)相對價值法 7.資本預(yù)算 (1)項(xiàng)目評價的方法 (2)投資項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)金流量的估計(jì) (3)項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的衡量與處置 8.期權(quán)估價 (1)期權(quán)概述 (2)期權(quán)價值評估的方法 9.資本結(jié)構(gòu) (1)杠桿原理 (2)資本結(jié)構(gòu)理論及決策 10.股利分配 (1)利潤分配概述 (2)股利支付的程序和方式 (3)股利理論與股利分配政策 (4)股票股利、股票分割和股票回購 11.普通股和長期負(fù)債籌資 (1)普通股籌資 (2)長期負(fù)債籌資 12.其他長期籌資 (1)租賃 (2)混合籌資 13.營運(yùn)資本投資 (1)現(xiàn)金和有價證券 (2)應(yīng)收賬款 (3)存貨 14.營運(yùn)資本籌資 (1)營運(yùn)資本籌資政策 (2)短期籌資 15.成本管理會計(jì) (1)成本會計(jì) (2)管理會計(jì) (五)公司戰(zhàn)略與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 1.戰(zhàn)略分析 (1)企業(yè)外部環(huán)境分析 (2)企業(yè)內(nèi)部環(huán)境分析 2.戰(zhàn)略選擇 (1)總體戰(zhàn)略(公司層戰(zhàn)略) (2)業(yè)務(wù)單位戰(zhàn)略 (3)國際化經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略 3.戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施 (1)公司戰(zhàn)略與組織結(jié)構(gòu) (2)公司戰(zhàn)略與企業(yè)文化 (3)戰(zhàn)略控制 (4)戰(zhàn)略變革管理 (5)戰(zhàn)略管理中的權(quán)力與利益相關(guān)者 4.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 (1)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的目標(biāo) (2)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理基本流程 (3)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理體系 5.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理框架下的內(nèi)部控制 (1)內(nèi)部控制基本規(guī)范 (2)內(nèi)部控制應(yīng)用指引 (3)內(nèi)部控制評價 (六)經(jīng)濟(jì)法 1.物權(quán)法律制度 (1)物權(quán)法律制度概述 (2)物權(quán)變動 (3)所有權(quán) (4)用益物權(quán) (5)擔(dān)保物權(quán) 2.合同法律制度 (1)合同的基本理論 (2)合同的訂立 (3)合同的效力 (4)合同的履行 (5)保證與定金 (6)合同的變更與轉(zhuǎn)讓 (7)合同的終止 (8)違約責(zé)任 (9)幾類主要的有名合同 3.公司法律制度 (1)公司法律制度概述 (2)股份有限公司 (3)有限責(zé)任公司 (4)公司董事、監(jiān)事、高級管理人員 (5)公司的財(cái)務(wù)會計(jì) (6)公司合并、分立與減資 (7)公司解散和清算 4.證券法律制度 (1)證券法律制度概述 (2)股票的發(fā)行 (3)公司債券的發(fā)行與交易 (4)股票交易市場 (5)上市公司收購和重組 (6)證券欺詐的法律責(zé)任 5.企業(yè)破產(chǎn)法律制度 (1)破產(chǎn)法律制度概述 (2)破產(chǎn)申請與受理 (3)管理人制度 (4)債務(wù)人財(cái)產(chǎn) (5)破產(chǎn)債權(quán) (6)債權(quán)人會議 (7)重整程序 (8)和解制度 (9)破產(chǎn)清算程序 6.反壟斷法律制度 (1)反壟斷法律制度概述 (2)壟斷協(xié)議規(guī)制制度 (3)濫用市場支配地位規(guī)制制度 (4)經(jīng)營者集中反壟斷審查制度 (5)濫用行政權(quán)力排除、限制競爭規(guī)制制度 附錄:職業(yè)能力綜合測試涉及的主要專業(yè)術(shù)語中英文對照表 職業(yè)能力綜合測試涉及的主要專業(yè)術(shù)語中英文對照表 會計(jì) 會計(jì)估計(jì) Accounting estimates 會計(jì)分期 Accounting period 會計(jì)政策 Accounting policies 會計(jì)確認(rèn) Accounting recognition 會計(jì)處理 Accounting treatment 應(yīng)付賬款 Accounts payable 應(yīng)收賬款 Accounts receivable 累計(jì)折舊 Accumulated depreciation 調(diào)整事項(xiàng) Adjusting events 攤銷費(fèi)用 Amortization expense 公平交易 Arms-length transaction 資產(chǎn) Assets 資產(chǎn)減值損失 Assets impairment loss 聯(lián)營公司 Associates 可供出售金融資產(chǎn) Available-for-sale financial assets 壞賬準(zhǔn)備 Bad debt provision 年初余額 Balance at the beginning of year 年末余額 Balance at the end of year 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表 Balance sheet 銀行存款 Bank deposit 基本每股收益 Basic earnings per share 應(yīng)收票據(jù) Bills receivable 賬面價值 Book value 借款費(fèi)用 Borrowing costs 企業(yè)合并 Business combination 營業(yè)稅金及附加 Business taxes and surcharges 計(jì)量 Calculation/Calculate 資本公積 Capital reserve 資本化 Capitalization/Capitalized 現(xiàn)金流量 Cash flows 庫存現(xiàn)金 Cash on hand 公允價值變動 Change in fair value 股東權(quán)益變動表 Changes in equity 可比性 Comparability 混合金融工具 Compound financial instruments 代銷商品 Consignment goods 合并資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表 Consolidated balance sheet 合并利潤表 Consolidated income statement 合并股東權(quán)益變動表 Consolidated statement of changes in equity 建造合同 Construction contract 在建工程 Construction in progress 或有資產(chǎn) Contingent asset 或有負(fù)債 Contingent liability 可轉(zhuǎn)換公司債券 Convertible notes 會計(jì)差錯更正 Correction of accounting errors 成本法 Cost method 主營業(yè)務(wù)成本 Cost of sales from principal activities 貸 Credit 貨幣計(jì)量 Currency measurement 流動資產(chǎn) Current assets 流動負(fù)債 Current liabilities 借 Debit 債務(wù)重組 Debt restructuring 遞延收益 Deferred income 遞延所得稅 Deferred tax 遞延所得稅資產(chǎn) Deferred tax assets 遞延所得稅負(fù)債 Deferred tax liabilities 折舊 Depreciation 稀釋每股收益 Diluted earnings per share 直接費(fèi)用 Direct costs 直接人工 Direct labour 直接材料 Direct materials 直接法 Direct method 披露 Disclosure 折現(xiàn)系數(shù) Discount factor 折現(xiàn)率 Discount rate 任意盈余公積 Discretionary surplus reserve 處置成本 Disposal costs 應(yīng)付股利 Dividend payable 應(yīng)收股利 Dividend receivable 應(yīng)付職工薪酬 Employee benefits payables 股權(quán)投資 Equity investment 權(quán)益法 Equity method 預(yù)計(jì)負(fù)債 Estimated liabilities/Provision 預(yù)計(jì)使用壽命 Estimated useful life 費(fèi)用 Expenses 公允價值 Fair value 融資租賃 Finance lease 金融資產(chǎn) Financial assets 交易性金融資產(chǎn) Financial assets held for trading 財(cái)務(wù)費(fèi)用 Financial expenses 金融工具 Financial instruments 金融負(fù)債 Financial liabilities 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告 Financial reporting 籌資活動 Financing activities 產(chǎn)成品 Finished products/goods 固定資產(chǎn) Fixed assets 固定資產(chǎn)清理 Fixed assets pending for disposal 境外經(jīng)營 Foreign operations 特許權(quán) Franchise right 記賬本位幣 Functional currency 公允價值變動收益/(損失) Gains/Losses on changes in fair value 管理費(fèi)用 General and administrative expenses 持續(xù)經(jīng)營 Going concern 商譽(yù) Goodwill 政府補(bǔ)助 Government grants 毛利率 Gross profit ratio 擔(dān)保 Guarantee 持有至到期投資 Held-to-maturity investment 歷史成本 Historical cost 可辨認(rèn)性 Identifiable 減值損失 Impairment loss 減值準(zhǔn)備 Impairment losses 利潤表 Income statement 所得稅 Income tax 間接法 Indirect method 保險(xiǎn)費(fèi) Insurance expense 無形資產(chǎn) Intangible assets 應(yīng)付利息 Interest payable 利率 Interest rate 應(yīng)收利息 Interest receivable 集團(tuán)內(nèi)部銷售 Inter-group sales 中期財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Interim financial statements 存貨 Inventories 投資活動 Investing activities 投資成本 Investment cost 投資收益 Investment income 投資性房地產(chǎn) Investment property 合營企業(yè) Joint-venture 勞務(wù)成本 Labour costs 土地使用權(quán) Land use right 租賃 Lease 承租人 Lessee 出租人 Lessor 負(fù)債 Liability/Liabilities 貸款 Loan 長期股權(quán)投資 Long-term equity investment 長期借款 Long-term loans 長期應(yīng)付款 Long-term payable 長期應(yīng)收款 Long-term receivables 少數(shù)股東權(quán)益 Minority interests 凈利潤 Net profits 非調(diào)整事項(xiàng) Non-adjusting events 非流動性負(fù)債 Non-current liabilities 營業(yè)外支出 Non-operating expenses 營業(yè)外收入 Non-operating income 經(jīng)營活動 Operating activities 經(jīng)營租賃 Operating lease 營業(yè)利潤 Operating profit 其他資本公積 Other capital reserve 其他綜合收益 Other comprehensive income 其他業(yè)務(wù)收入 Other operating income 其他應(yīng)付款 Other payables 其他應(yīng)收款 Other receivables 所有者權(quán)益 Owner’s equity 所有權(quán) Ownership 實(shí)收資本 Paid-in capital 專利權(quán) Patent 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表日后事項(xiàng) Post balance sheet events 溢價 Premium 預(yù)付款 Prepayment 現(xiàn)值 Present value 以前年度損益事項(xiàng) Prior year profit/loss adjustment 商品 Product 利潤 Profit 利潤分配 Profit appropriation 存貨跌價準(zhǔn)備 Provision for diminution in value of inventories 固定資產(chǎn)減值準(zhǔn)備 Provision for impairment of fixed assets 損失準(zhǔn)備 Provision for loss 采購成本 Purchase costs 報(bào)酬率 Rate of return 原材料 Raw materials 預(yù)收款項(xiàng) Receipts in advance 確認(rèn) Recognition/Recognize 可收回金額 Recoverable amount 可變現(xiàn)凈值 Recoverable value 關(guān)聯(lián)交易 Related party transactions 關(guān)聯(lián)方 Related party(ies) 租賃收入 Rental income 重置成本 Replacement costs 回購 Repurchase 研究開發(fā)費(fèi)用 Research and development costs 殘值 Residual value 重組 Restructuring 追溯調(diào)整 Retrospective adjustments 銷售商品收入 Revenue from sales of goods 收入 Revenue/Income 職工薪酬 Salary costs 售后租回交易 Sale and lease back 主營業(yè)務(wù)收入 Sales from principal activities 銷售退回 Sales return 銷售額 Sales revenue 銷售稅 Sales tax 分部報(bào)告 Segment reporting 銷售費(fèi)用 Selling expenses 股本 Share capital 股份期權(quán) Share options 股本/資本溢價 Share/Capital premium 所有者權(quán)益 Shareholders’ equity 短期借款 Short-term loans 專項(xiàng)應(yīng)付款 Special payables 現(xiàn)金流量表 Statement of cash flows 法定盈余公積 Statutory surplus reserve 盈余公積 Surplus reserves 有形資產(chǎn) Tangible assets 計(jì)稅基礎(chǔ) Tax basis 應(yīng)交稅費(fèi) Taxes payable 暫時性差異 Temporary differences 交易費(fèi)用 Transaction costs 可理解性 Understandability 未分配利潤 Undistributed profit/Retained earnings 未實(shí)現(xiàn)融資收益 Unrealized capital gain 增值稅 Value-added tax 在產(chǎn)品 Work in progress 審計(jì) 客戶關(guān)系和審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù)的接受與保持 Acceptance and continuance of client and audit engagement 訪問控制 Access controls 接觸信息/審計(jì)工作底稿 Access to information / Audit documentation 否定意見 Adverse opinion 替代程序 Alternative procedures 分析程序 Analytical procedures 在集團(tuán)層面實(shí)施的分析程序 Analytical procedures at group level 年度報(bào)告 Annual report 適用的財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告框架 Applicable financial reporting framework 按照適用的財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告編制基礎(chǔ)得到恰當(dāng)會計(jì)處理和披露 Appropriately accounted for and disclosed in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework (審計(jì)證據(jù)的)適當(dāng)性 Appropriateness (of audit evidence) 認(rèn)定 Assertions 評估 Assess 保證 Assurance 審計(jì)調(diào)整 Audit adjustment 審計(jì)工作底稿 Audit documentation/Audit working paper 審計(jì)證據(jù) Audit evidence 審計(jì)檔案 Audit file 會計(jì)師事務(wù)所 Audit firm/Accounting firm 審計(jì)意見 Audit opinion 審計(jì)計(jì)劃 Audit plan 審計(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Audit risk 審計(jì)抽樣(抽樣) Audit sampling (sampling) 注冊會計(jì)師(審計(jì)師) Auditor 注冊會計(jì)師與財(cái)務(wù)信息 Auditor and financial information 注冊會計(jì)師的專家 Auditor’s expert 注冊會計(jì)師的點(diǎn)估計(jì)或區(qū)間估計(jì) Auditor’s point estimate or auditor’s range 導(dǎo)致非無保留意見的事項(xiàng)段 Basis for modification paragraph 業(yè)務(wù)流程 Business process (交易的)商業(yè)理由 Business rationale 經(jīng)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Business risk 明顯微小 Clearly trivial 比較財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Comparative financial statements 比較信息 Comparative information 被審計(jì)單位的互補(bǔ)性控制 Compensating controls of entity under audit 完整性 Completeness 對集團(tuán)具有財(cái)務(wù)重大性的單個組成部分 Components that are of individual financial significance to the group 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助審計(jì)技術(shù) Computer-assisted audit techniques 審計(jì)的前提條件 Conditions for an audit 詢證函 Confirmation 合并過程 Consolidation process 控制活動 Control activities 控制環(huán)境 Control environment 控制風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Control risk 與審計(jì)相關(guān)的控制 Controls relevant to the audit 公司治理 Corporate governance 對應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù) Corresponding figures 截止 Cut-off/As of (date) 報(bào)告日(與質(zhì)量控制相關(guān)) Date of report (in relation to quality control) 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表批準(zhǔn)日 Date of the approval of the financial statements 審計(jì)報(bào)告日 Date of the auditor’s report 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表日 Date of the financial statements 設(shè)計(jì)、執(zhí)行和維護(hù)適當(dāng)?shù)目刂?Design, implement and maintain adequate controls (over) 檢查風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Detection risk 偏差 Deviations 無法表示意見 Disclaimer of opinion 雙重目的測試 Dual-purpose test 強(qiáng)調(diào)事項(xiàng)段 Emphasis of matter paragraph 業(yè)務(wù)工作底稿 Engagement documentation/working paper 業(yè)務(wù)約定書 Engagement letter 項(xiàng)目合伙人 Engagement partner 項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量控制復(fù)核 Engagement quality control review 項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量控制復(fù)核人員 Engagement quality control reviewer 項(xiàng)目組 Engagement team 被審計(jì)單位的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估過程 Entity’s risk assessment process 評價 Evaluate 可能導(dǎo)致對被審計(jì)單位持續(xù)經(jīng)營能力產(chǎn)生重大疑慮的事項(xiàng)或情況 Events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern 不符事項(xiàng) Exception 存在 Existence 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的注冊會計(jì)師 Experienced auditor 專長 Expertise 信賴程度 Extent of reliance 函證 External confirmation 事實(shí)錯報(bào)、判斷錯報(bào)和推斷錯報(bào) Factual misstatements, judgemental misstatements and projected misstatements 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Financial statements 舞弊 Fraud 舞弊風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素 Fraud risk factors 虛假財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告 Fraudulent financial reporting 對財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表使用者理解財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表至關(guān)重要 Fundamental to users’ understanding of the financial statements 治理 Governance 集團(tuán) Group 集團(tuán)項(xiàng)目合伙人 Group engagement partner 集團(tuán)層面控制 Group-wide controls 歷史財(cái)務(wù)信息 Historical financial information 識別、評估和應(yīng)對重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Identify, assess and respond to risk of material misstatement 無法獲取充分、適當(dāng)?shù)膶徲?jì)證據(jù) Inability to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence 后任注冊會計(jì)師 Incoming auditor 不一致 Inconsistency 獨(dú)立性 Independence 與財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告相關(guān)的信息系統(tǒng) Information system relevant to financial reporting 審計(jì)的固有限制 Inherent limitation of audit 固有風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Inherent risk 首次審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù) Initial audit engagement 生成、記錄、處理和報(bào)告交易 Initiate, record, process and report transactions 詢問 Inquiry 檢查 Inspection 中期財(cái)務(wù)信息或報(bào)表 Interim financial information or statements 內(nèi)部審計(jì)師 Internal auditors 內(nèi)部控制 Internal control 內(nèi)部控制缺陷 Internal control deficiency 國際財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告準(zhǔn)則 International Financial Reporting Standards 調(diào)查 Investigate 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表報(bào)出日 Issuance date of the financial statements 信息技術(shù)應(yīng)用控制 IT application controls 信息技術(shù)環(huán)境 IT environment 會計(jì)分錄和其他調(diào)整 Journal entries and other adjustments 會計(jì)分錄 Journal entry/entries 嚴(yán)重程度 Level of significance 上市公司實(shí)體 Listed entity 管理層 Management 管理層偏向 Management bias 管理層凌駕于控制之上 Management override of controls 管理當(dāng)局聲明書 Management representation letter 管理層對其自身責(zé)任的認(rèn)可與理解 Management’s acknowledgement and understanding of its responsibilities 管理層的專家 Management’s expert 重大類別的交易、賬戶余額和披露 Material classes of transactions, account balances and disclosure 重大不確定性 Material uncertainty 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表整體的重要性 Materiality for the financial statements as a whole 侵占資產(chǎn) Misappropriation of assets 錯報(bào) Misstatement 對事實(shí)的錯報(bào) Misstatement of fact 非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)審計(jì)報(bào)告 Modified audit report 非無保留意見 Modified opinion 監(jiān)控 Monitoring 對控制的監(jiān)督 Monitoring of controls 審計(jì)程序的性質(zhì)、時間安排和范圍 Nature, timing and extent of audit procedures 消極式函證 Negative confirmation 網(wǎng)絡(luò)事務(wù)所 Network firm 違反法律法規(guī) Non-compliance 未回函 Non-response 非抽樣風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Non-sampling risk 觀察 Observation 發(fā)生 Occurrence 期初余額 Opening balances 內(nèi)部控制的運(yùn)行有效性 Operating effectiveness of internal control 其他信息 Other information 其他事項(xiàng)段 Other matter paragraph 會計(jì)估計(jì)的結(jié)果 Outcome of an accounting estimate 超出正常經(jīng)營過程 Outside the normal course of business 總體審計(jì)方案 Overall audit approach 總體審計(jì)策略 Overall audit strategy 總體結(jié)論 Overall conclusion 總體應(yīng)對措施 Overall responses 合伙人 Partner 實(shí)際執(zhí)行的重要性 Performance materiality 人員 Personnel 廣泛性 Pervasive 計(jì)劃活動 Planning activities 總體 Population/Overall 積極式函證 Positive confirmation 執(zhí)業(yè)人員 Practitioner 前任注冊會計(jì)師 Predecessor auditor 初步業(yè)務(wù)活動 Preliminary engagement activities 與管理層和治理層(如適用)責(zé)任相關(guān)的執(zhí)行審計(jì)工作的前提 Premise, relating to the responsibilities of management and, where appropriate, those charged with governance, on which an audit is conducted 編制和列報(bào)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Prepare and present the financial statements 列報(bào)與披露 Presentation and disclosure 收入確認(rèn)存在舞弊風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的假定 Presumed fraud risks in revenue recognition 防止或發(fā)現(xiàn)并糾正重大錯報(bào) Prevent or detect and correct material misstatement 專業(yè)勝任能力 Professional competence 職業(yè)判斷 Professional judgment 職業(yè)懷疑態(tài)度 Professional skepticism 業(yè)務(wù)執(zhí)行 Provision of service/Delivery of service 通常對決定財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表中的重大金額和披露有直接影響的法律法規(guī)的規(guī)定 Provisions of laws and regulations generally recognized to have a direct effect on the determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements 具有適當(dāng)資格的外部人員 Qualified external person 保留意見 Qualified opinion 量化財(cái)務(wù)影響 Quantification of the financial impacts 合理保證(針對審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù)和質(zhì)量控制) Reasonable assurance (in the context of audit engagements, and in quality control) 合理性測試 Reasonableness test 重新計(jì)算 Re-calculation 連續(xù)審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù) Recurring audit engagements 將認(rèn)定層次的審計(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降至可接受的低水平 Reduce audit risk at the assertion level to an acceptably low level 關(guān)聯(lián)方 Related parties 具有支配性影響的關(guān)聯(lián)方 Related parties with dominant influence 管理層以前未識別或未向注冊會計(jì)師披露的關(guān)聯(lián)方關(guān)系或關(guān)聯(lián)方交易 Related party relationships or transactions that management has not identified or disclosed to the auditor 按照等同于公平交易中通行的條款執(zhí)行的關(guān)聯(lián)方交易 Related party transactions conducted on terms equivalent to those prevailing in an arm’s length transaction (審計(jì)證據(jù)的)相關(guān)性和可靠性 Relevance and reliability (of audit evidence) 相關(guān)職業(yè)道德要求 Relevant ethical requirements 剩余期間 Remaining period 重新執(zhí)行 Re-performance 管理層施加的限制 Restrictions imposed by management 復(fù)核(與質(zhì)量控制相關(guān)) Review (in relation to quality control) 權(quán)利與義務(wù) Rights and obligations 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估程序 Risk assessment procedures 重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Risk of material misstatement 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表層次和認(rèn)定層次的重大錯報(bào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Risk of material misstatement at financial statement level and at assertion level 樣本量 Sample size 抽樣 Sampling 抽樣風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Sampling risk 抽樣單元 Sampling unit 選擇和運(yùn)用會計(jì)政策 Selection and application of accounting policies 選取測試項(xiàng)目 Selection of items for testing 重要組成部分 Significant component 值得關(guān)注的內(nèi)部控制缺陷 Significant deficiencies in internal control 重大事項(xiàng) Significant matters 特別風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Significant risk 重大非常規(guī)交易 Significant unusual transactions 特定的審計(jì)程序 Specified audit procedures 員工 Staff 統(tǒng)計(jì)抽樣 Statistical sampling 存貨盤點(diǎn) Stocktake 分層 Stratification 期后事項(xiàng) Subsequent events 實(shí)質(zhì)性分析程序 Substantive analytical procedures 實(shí)質(zhì)性程序 Substantive procedure (審計(jì)證據(jù)的)充分性 Sufficiency (of audit evidence) 補(bǔ)充信息 Supplementary information 測試 Test 控制測試 Test of controls 細(xì)節(jié)測試 Test of details 特定類別的交易、賬戶余額或披露的一個或多個重要性水平 The materiality level or levels for particular classes of transactions, account balances or disclosures 治理層 Those charged with governance 錯報(bào)的臨界值 Threshold for misstatements 可容忍錯報(bào) Tolerable misstatement 可容忍偏差率 Tolerable rate of deviation 趨勢分析法、比率分析法、合理性測試法和回歸分析法 Trend analysis, ratio analysis, reasonableness test, and regression analysis 不確定性 Uncertainty 未更正錯報(bào) Uncorrected misstatements 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)審計(jì)報(bào)告 Unmodified audit report 無保留意見 Unqualified opinion 計(jì)價與分?jǐn)?Valuation and allocation/amortization 穿行測試 Walk-through test 解除業(yè)務(wù)約定 Withdraw from the engagement 書面聲明 Written representation 職業(yè)道德 可接受的水平 Acceptable level 廣告 Advertising 過度推介 Advocacy 承擔(dān)管理層職責(zé) Assume management responsibilities 鑒證客戶 Assurance client 鑒證業(yè)務(wù) Assurance engagement 鑒證業(yè)務(wù)項(xiàng)目組 Assurance team 審計(jì)客戶 Audit client 審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù) Audit engagement 審計(jì)項(xiàng)目組 Audit team 近親屬 Close family 密切私人關(guān)系 Close personal relationship 保密 Confidentiality 利益沖突 Conflicts of interest 或有收費(fèi) Contingent fee 冷卻期 Cooling off period 現(xiàn)任會計(jì)師 Current accountant/auditor 直接經(jīng)濟(jì)利益 Direct financial interest 董事或高級管理人員 Director or senior officer/senior management 應(yīng)有的關(guān)注 Due care 消除或降低不利影響 Eliminate or reduce threats 項(xiàng)目合伙人 Engagement partner 項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量控制復(fù)核 Engagement quality control review 項(xiàng)目組 Engagement team 外部專家 External expert 密切關(guān)系 Familiarity 經(jīng)濟(jì)利益 Financial interests 歷史財(cái)務(wù)信息 Historical financial information 直系親屬/ 主要近親屬 Immediate family 獨(dú)立性 Independence 從實(shí)質(zhì)上和形式上保持獨(dú)立性 Independence of mind, Independence in appearance 間接經(jīng)濟(jì)利益 Indirect financial interest 誠信 Integrity 外在壓力 Intimidation/Pressure 關(guān)鍵審計(jì)合伙人 Key audit partner 上市實(shí)體 Listed entity 長期存在業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系 Long association (with an audit client) 嚴(yán)重虛假或誤導(dǎo)性的陳述 Materially false or misleading statement 非鑒證服務(wù) Non-assurance services 客觀和公正性 Objectivity 專業(yè)服務(wù) Professional services 擬接受的客戶 Prospective client 公眾利益實(shí)體 Public interest entity 關(guān)聯(lián)實(shí)體 Related entity 審閱客戶 Review client 審閱業(yè)務(wù) Review engagement 審閱項(xiàng)目組 Review team 輪換 Rotation 防范措施 Safeguards 自身利益 Self-interest 自我評價 Self-review 重要且密切的商業(yè)關(guān)系 Significant and close business relationship 特殊目的財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 Special purpose financial statements 鑒證業(yè)務(wù)的對象 Subject matter of assurance engagement 不利影響、威脅 Threats 稅法 兼營 Also engaged in 應(yīng)計(jì)稅款 Accrued tax 從價稅 Ad valorem tax 加計(jì)扣除 Additional deduction 附加稅 Additional tax/Surcharge 所得額調(diào)整 Adjustment of income 稅后所得 After-tax income 準(zhǔn)予扣除數(shù) Allowable deductions 稅收可抵免額 Allowable tax credit 從量定額 Amount based on quantity 增值額 Amount of appreciation/Value added 銷售額 Amount of sales 抵免稅額 Amount of tax credit 應(yīng)納稅所得額 Amount of taxable income 扣除項(xiàng)目金額 Amount of the deductions 適用稅額 Applicable tax amount 適用稅率 Applicable tax rates 計(jì)稅成本 Assessable cost 核定所得額 Assessable income 平均成本利潤率 Average cost-plus margin rate 平均銷售價格 Average sales price 營業(yè)稅 Business tax 偶然所得 Casual income 所得項(xiàng)目 Category of income 組成計(jì)稅價格 Composite taxable price 本納稅年度 Current tax year 所得稅申報(bào) Declaration of income tax 扣除項(xiàng)目 Deductible items 免稅項(xiàng)目扣除 Deduction of the tax exemption item 契稅 Deed tax 視同銷售 Deemed sales/sales equivalent 免除納稅義務(wù) Discharge of tax obligation 應(yīng)稅商品 Dutiable goods 納稅義務(wù) Duty of tax payment 權(quán)益性投資收益 Earning from equity investments 雇員福利,職工福利 Employee benefit 企業(yè)所得稅 Enterprise income tax 國外所得收入 Foreign earned income 一般納稅人 General taxpayer 特許權(quán)使用費(fèi)所得 Income from franchise royalty 利息、股息、紅利所得 Income from interests, dividends and bonuses 勞務(wù)所得 Income from labor service 財(cái)產(chǎn)租賃所得 Income from leasing of property 生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營所得 Income from production and business operation 轉(zhuǎn)讓財(cái)產(chǎn)所得 Income from property transfer 工資薪金所得 Income from wages, salaries 財(cái)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)讓收入 Income from property transfer 所得稅抵免 Income tax credit 申報(bào)繳納所得稅 Income tax declaration 應(yīng)納所得稅 Income tax payable 接受捐贈所得 Income from donation 個人所得稅 Individual income tax 增值稅進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額 Input value added tax 非正常損失 Irregular loss 滯納金 Late fee 清算所得稅 Liquidation income tax 最低應(yīng)納稅所得額 Minimum taxable income 增值稅起征點(diǎn) Minimum threshold of value-added Tax 混合銷售行為 Mixed sales activities 所得稅前凈所得 Net income before income tax 稅后凈利潤 Net profit after tax 非貨幣資產(chǎn) Non-monetary asset 不征稅收入 Non-taxable income 不計(jì)入征稅范圍 Not included in the scope of taxable activities 財(cái)產(chǎn)原值 Original value of the property/ Cost of property 當(dāng)期銷項(xiàng)稅額 Output tax for the period 增值稅銷項(xiàng)稅額 Output value added tax 滯納稅款/欠稅 Overdue tax 應(yīng)補(bǔ)繳稅款 Payment of tax in arrears 累進(jìn)稅率 Progressive tax rate 比例稅率 Proportional tax rate 公益性捐贈 Public welfare donations 房產(chǎn)稅 Real estate tax 居民納稅人 Resident taxpayer 資源稅 Resource tax 含稅銷售額 Sales amount including tax 所得稅征收范圍 Scope of income tax/Subject to income tax 小規(guī)模納稅人 Small-scale taxpayer 源泉扣繳 Source withholding 納稅特別扣除項(xiàng)目 Special deductible items 特殊性稅務(wù)處理 Special tax treatment 印花稅 Stamp tax 應(yīng)征稅額 Tax accrued 稅額 Tax amounts 稅基/計(jì)稅依據(jù) Tax base 稅種 Tax category 消費(fèi)稅稅率 Tax computation 稅收抵免 Tax credit 抵免限額 Tax credit quota 納稅期限 Tax deadline 稅前可扣除項(xiàng)目 Tax deductible items 稅收減免 Tax deduction or exemption 計(jì)稅差異 Tax differences 到期應(yīng)納稅款 Tax due 漏稅/逃稅 Tax evasion 免稅 Tax exemption 納稅申報(bào) Tax filing 本期稅額 Tax for the period/year 已納稅額 Tax paid 應(yīng)納稅額 Tax payable 納稅期限 Tax payment deadline 稅率 Tax rate 減稅 Tax reduction 退稅 Tax refund 稅收附加 Tax surcharge 起征點(diǎn) Tax threshold 計(jì)稅價格 Tax value/Taxable price 減免稅額 Tax amount deducted 應(yīng)稅所得 Taxable income 應(yīng)稅項(xiàng)目 Taxable item 納稅期間 Taxable period 對股息征稅 Taxation of dividends 免稅收入 Tax-exempt income 免稅稅目 Tax-exempt item 免稅利潤 Tax-exempt profit 含稅價格 Tax-included price 納稅人 Taxpayer 土地使用稅 Urban land-use tax 增值稅 Value added tax(VAT) 土地增值稅 Value-added tax on land/Land appreciation tax 增值稅減免 VAT exemption or reduction 車船稅 Vehicle and vessel tax 車輛購置稅 Vehicle purchase tax 扣繳義務(wù)人 Withholding agent 代扣代繳稅款 Withholding and remitting tax 預(yù)提所得稅 Withholding income tax 零稅率 Zero tax rate 財(cái)務(wù)成本管理 應(yīng)收賬款周轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù) Accounts receivable turnover 應(yīng)收賬款周轉(zhuǎn)天數(shù) Accounts receivable turnover days 取得成本 Acquisition cost 實(shí)際增長率 Actual growth rate 實(shí)際利率 Actual interest rate 配股后每股價格 After-allotment price per share 配股權(quán)價值 Allotment option value 配股價格 Allotment price 預(yù)付年金(即付年金、期初年金) Annuity due 會計(jì)報(bào)酬率法 Accounting rate of return(ARR) 平均交貨時間 Average delivery time 貝塔(β)系數(shù) Beta coefficient 債券評級 Bond rating 債券估價 Bond valuation 每股凈資產(chǎn) Book value per share(BPS) 盈虧臨界點(diǎn) Break-even point 保險(xiǎn)儲備(安全存量) Buffer inventory 資本支出 Capital expenditure 持有成本 Carrying cost 現(xiàn)金預(yù)算 Cash budget 現(xiàn)金股利 Cash dividend 現(xiàn)金流量利息保障倍數(shù) Cash flow interest coverage ratio 經(jīng)營活動現(xiàn)金流量 Cash flows from operational activities 混合租賃 Combination lease 傭金 Commission 普通股 Common stock 補(bǔ)償性余額 Compensating balance 復(fù)利 Compound interest 全面預(yù)算 Comprehensive budget 企業(yè)價值評估 Corporate valuation 成本性態(tài) Cost behavior 成本中心 Cost centre 成本的歸集和分配 Cost collection and allocation 資本成本 Cost of capital 稅后債務(wù)成本 Cost of debt after tax 成本差異 Cost variance 平息債券 Coupon bond 債券票面利率 Coupon interest rate 流動資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù) Current assets turnover 流動資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)天數(shù) Current assets turnover days 流動比率 Current ratio 本期收入乘數(shù) Current sales multiplier 債務(wù)市場 Debt market/Bond market 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債率 Debt-to-asset ratio 產(chǎn)權(quán)比率 Debt-to-equity ratio 股利宣告日 Declaration date 財(cái)務(wù)杠桿系數(shù) Degree of financial leverage(DFL) 直接租賃 Direct leasing 折現(xiàn)率 Discount rate 純貼現(xiàn)債券(零息債券) Discounted bond (Zero coupon bond) 股利支付率 Dividend payout ratio 經(jīng)營杠桿系數(shù) Degree of operating leverage(DOL) 股價下行乘數(shù) Downstream price multiplier 總杠桿系數(shù) Degree of total leverage (DTL) 息前稅前利潤 Earnings before interests and taxes(EBIT) 經(jīng)濟(jì)訂貨量 Economic order quantity(EOQ) 每股盈余稀釋 EPS dilution 每股盈余無差別點(diǎn)法 EPS indifferent point method(EBIT-EPS break even analysis) 每股盈余最大化 EPS maximization 每股盈余 Earnings per share(EPS) 權(quán)益乘數(shù) Equity multiplier 股權(quán)價值 Equity value 經(jīng)濟(jì)增加值 Economic value added(EVA) 除息日 Ex-dividend date 執(zhí)行價格 Exercise price/Strike price 外部融資銷售增長比 External financing needed to sales growth ratio 融資租賃 Financial lease/Capital lease 財(cái)務(wù)估價 Financial valuation 完工產(chǎn)品 Finished goods 固定預(yù)算 Fixed budget 彈性預(yù)算 Flexible budget 浮動利率 Floating interest rate 浮動優(yōu)惠利率 Floating prime interest rate 債務(wù)現(xiàn)金流量 Free cash flows of creditors 股權(quán)現(xiàn)金流量 Free cash flows of equity 實(shí)體現(xiàn)金流量 Free cash flows of firm 復(fù)利終值系數(shù) FV interest factor 預(yù)付年金終值系數(shù) FV interest factor of annuity due 終值 Future value(FV) 管理費(fèi)用 General and administrative expense 持續(xù)經(jīng)營價值 Going concern value 毛租賃 Gross lease 營業(yè)現(xiàn)金毛流量 Gross operating cash flows 套期保值原理 Hedging principle 間接成本 Indirect cost 通貨膨脹率 Inflation rate 利息保障倍數(shù) Interest coverage ratio 稅后利息率 Interest rate after tax 內(nèi)含增長率 Internal growth rate 內(nèi)部轉(zhuǎn)移價格 Internal transfer price 內(nèi)在市銷率 Intrinsic sales multiplier 內(nèi)在價值 Intrinsic value 存貨周轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù) Inventory turnover 存貨周轉(zhuǎn)天數(shù) Inventory turnover days 投資中心 Investment center 內(nèi)含報(bào)酬率法 Internal rate of return(IRR) 非相關(guān)成本 Irrelevant cost 發(fā)行價格 Issuance price 租賃期 Lease term 租賃資產(chǎn) Leasehold property 承租人 Lessee 出租人 Lessor 杠桿貢獻(xiàn)率 Leverage contributing ratio 杠桿租賃 Leverage lease 清算價值 Liquidation value 短期償債能力比率 Liquidity ratios 長期債券 Long-term bond 制造費(fèi)用預(yù)算 Manufacturing overhead budget 邊際貢獻(xiàn)率 Marginal contribution ratio 市場組合 Market portfolio 市場價格 Market price 市價稀釋 Market price dilution 市場風(fēng)險(xiǎn)溢價 Market risk premium 債券到期日 Maturity date 市場增加值 Market value added(MAV) 最大最小法 Maximin method 企業(yè)價值最大化 Maximization of firm’s value 股東財(cái)富最大化 Maximization of shareholders’ wealth 混合成本 Mixed cost 互斥項(xiàng)目 Mutually exclusive projects/events 流通債券 Negotiable bond 凈財(cái)務(wù)杠桿 Net financial leverage 凈租賃 Net lease 營業(yè)現(xiàn)金凈流量 Net operating cash flows 銷售凈利率 Net profit margin 凈現(xiàn)值法 NPV method 凈現(xiàn)值 Net present value(NPV) 經(jīng)營租賃 Operating lease 經(jīng)營杠桿 Operating leverage 機(jī)會成本 Opportunity cost 期權(quán)價值 Option value 訂貨提前期 Order lead time 訂貨成本 Ordering cost 普通年金(后付年金) Ordinary annuity 債券面值 Par value/Face value 回收期法 Payback period method 股利支付日 Payment date 經(jīng)營資產(chǎn)銷售百分比 Percentage of operating assets to sales 經(jīng)營負(fù)債銷售百分比 Percentage of operating liabilities to sales 銷售百分比法 Percentage-of-sales method 期間成本 Period cost 定期預(yù)算 Periodic budget 永久債券 Perpetual bond 永續(xù)年金 Perpetuity 優(yōu)先股 Preferred stock 現(xiàn)值指數(shù) Present value index 產(chǎn)品成本預(yù)算 Product cost budget 生產(chǎn)預(yù)算 Production budget 生產(chǎn)成本 Production cost 制造費(fèi)用 Production overhead 利潤中心 Profit center 利潤最大化 Profit maximization 項(xiàng)目特有風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Project-specific risk 公開增發(fā) Public offering 復(fù)利現(xiàn)值系數(shù) PV interest factor 預(yù)付年金現(xiàn)值系數(shù) PV interest factor of annuity due 現(xiàn)值 Present value(PV) 速動比率 Quick ratio 股權(quán)登記日 Record date 共同年限法 Replacement chain (common life) approach 必要報(bào)酬率 Required rate of return 剩余股利政策 Residual dividend policy 剩余權(quán)益收益 Residual equity income 剩余凈金融支出 Residual net financial expenditure 剩余經(jīng)營收益 Residual operating income 責(zé)任中心 Responsibility center 利潤留存率 Retention ratio 權(quán)益凈利率 Return on equity 投資報(bào)酬率 Return on investment 收入中心 Revenue center 無風(fēng)險(xiǎn)利率 Risk-free interest rate 無風(fēng)險(xiǎn)報(bào)酬率 Risk-free rate of return 安全邊際率 Safety margin ratio 銷售預(yù)算 Sales budget 銷售費(fèi)用 Sales expense 銷售預(yù)測 Sales forecast 銷售增長率 Sales growth rate 代銷 Sales on commission 銷售數(shù)量 Sales volume 股東權(quán)益增長率 Shareholders’ equity growth ratio 短缺成本 Shortage cost 證券市場線 Security market line(SML) 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)成本 Standard cost 股票股利 Stock dividend 股價最大化 Stock price maximization 股票回購 Stock repurchase 股票分割 Stock split 儲存成本 Storage cost 沉沒成本 Sunk cost 可持續(xù)增長率 Sustainable growth rate 系統(tǒng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(市場風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、不可分散風(fēng)險(xiǎn)) Systematic risk (Market risk/Non-diversifiable risk) 目標(biāo)資本結(jié)構(gòu) Target capital structure 時間溢價 Time premium 貨幣的時間價值 Time value of money 固定成本總額 Total fixed cost 標(biāo)的資產(chǎn) Underlying assets 包銷 Underwrite 單位銷售價格 Unit sales price 單位變動成本 Unit variable costs 股價上行乘數(shù) Upstream price multiplier 變動成本率 Variable cost ratio 加權(quán)平均資本成本 Weighted average cost of capital(WACC) 營運(yùn)資本投資 Working capital investment 在產(chǎn)品 Work-in-progress 到期收益率法 Yield-to-maturity method(YTM method) 公司戰(zhàn)略與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 低增長—強(qiáng)競爭地位的“現(xiàn)金牛”業(yè)務(wù) “Cash cow” position : slow growth - high competitiveness 低增長—弱競爭地位的“瘦狗”業(yè)務(wù) “Dog” position : slow growth - low competitiveness 高增長—低競爭地位的“問題”業(yè)務(wù) “Question mark” position : high growth - low competitiveness 高增長—強(qiáng)競爭地位的“明星”業(yè)務(wù) “Star” position : high growth - high competitiveness 放棄戰(zhàn)略 Abandon strategy 競爭環(huán)境分析 Analysis of competitive environment 競爭對手分析 Analysis of competitors 企業(yè)能力分析 Analysis of corporate competencies and capabilities 企業(yè)資源分析 Analysis of corporate resources 宏觀環(huán)境分析 Analysis of macro-environment 市場需求分析 Analysis of market demand 分析型戰(zhàn)略 Analytical strategy 審計(jì)委員會 Audit committee 平衡計(jì)分卡 Balanced scorecard 基準(zhǔn)分析 Benchmarking analysis 藍(lán)海戰(zhàn)略 Blue Ocean strategy 波士頓矩陣 Boston matrix 業(yè)務(wù)單位戰(zhàn)略(競爭戰(zhàn)略) Business (Competitive) strategy 經(jīng)營目標(biāo) Business objectives 運(yùn)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Business risk 業(yè)務(wù)單元 Business unit 事業(yè)部制組織結(jié)構(gòu) Business unit organization structure 戰(zhàn)略變革 Change management in strategy 內(nèi)部信息傳遞 Communication of internal information 全面風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 Comprehensive risk management 收縮戰(zhàn)略 Contraction strategy 控制活動 Control activities 控制環(huán)境 Control environment 公司治理 Corporate governance 總體戰(zhàn)略 Corporate strategy 成本領(lǐng)先戰(zhàn)略 Cost leadership strategy 懲治成本 Cost of punishment 損失成本 Cost of total loss 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理成本與效益 Costs and benefits of risk management 信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Credit risk 文化與績效 Culture and performance 客戶細(xì)分或市場細(xì)分事業(yè)部制結(jié)構(gòu) Customer segmentation/Market segmentation business structure 消費(fèi)動機(jī) Customer’s motivation 負(fù)債和杠桿作用 Debt and gearing 扁平型結(jié)構(gòu) Decentralized structure 決策支持系統(tǒng) Decision support system 防御型戰(zhàn)略 Defensive strategy 制定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理策略 Development of risk management strategy 發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 Development strategy 鉆石模型 Diamond model 差異化戰(zhàn)略 Differentiation strategy 直接投資 Direct investment 多元化并購 Diversified merger and acquisition 多種經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略 Diversified strategy 壟斷優(yōu)勢理論 Dominance advantage theory 每股盈余或市凈率 Earnings per share or price to book ratio 效率 Efficiency 生產(chǎn)要素 Elements in production 內(nèi)部控制的要素 Elements of internal control 創(chuàng)業(yè)型組織結(jié)構(gòu) Entrepreneurial organization structure 自然環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Environment risk 股權(quán)投資 Equity investment 評估成本 Evaluation cost 事項(xiàng)識別 Event identification 處置成本 Execution cost 實(shí)地查驗(yàn) Field inspection 財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與經(jīng)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的搭配 Financial risk and business risk 內(nèi)部控制的五大要素 Five elements in internal control 產(chǎn)業(yè)五種競爭力 Five forces in the competitive approach 集中化戰(zhàn)略 Focus strategy 緊縮與集中戰(zhàn)略 Focused strategy 職能制組織結(jié)構(gòu) Functional organization structure 職能戰(zhàn)略 Functional strategy 資金活動 Fund-related activities 全球化戰(zhàn)略 Globalization strategy 毛利率與凈利潤率 Gross profit margin and net profit margin 增長型戰(zhàn)略 Growth strategy 開拓型戰(zhàn)略 Growth strategy 擔(dān)保業(yè)務(wù) Guarantee business H型結(jié)構(gòu)(控股企業(yè)/控股集團(tuán)組織結(jié)構(gòu)) H type organization structure (Holding company/Group organization structure) 高經(jīng)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與高財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)搭配 High business risk, high financial risk 高經(jīng)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與低財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)搭配 High business risk, low financial risk 高長型結(jié)構(gòu) High growth structure 橫向并購 Horizontal merger and acquisition 增量預(yù)算 Incremental budgeting 產(chǎn)品生命周期 Industry life cycle 產(chǎn)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Industry risk 信息與溝通 Information and communication 一體化戰(zhàn)略 Integrated strategy 后向一體化戰(zhàn)略 Integrated strategy - Backward 前向一體化戰(zhàn)略 Integrated strategy - Forward 橫向一體化戰(zhàn)略 Integrated strategy - Horizontal 縱向一體化戰(zhàn)略 Integrated strategy - Vertical 產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)現(xiàn)有企業(yè)的競爭 Intensity of industry rivalry 密集型戰(zhàn)略 Intensive strategy 內(nèi)部控制 Internal control 多國本土化戰(zhàn)略 International subsidiaries strategy 國際戰(zhàn)略 Internationalization strategy 資源的不可替代性 Irreplaceable resources 合資經(jīng)營 Joint investment business 準(zhǔn)時生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng) Just-in-time system(JIT) 杠桿收購 Leveraged buy-out 法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Litigation risk 長期目標(biāo) Long-term objective 維持成本 Maintenance cost 管理信息系統(tǒng) Management information system 市場開發(fā)——現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品和新市場 Market development - existing product and new market 市場滲透——現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品和現(xiàn)有市場 Market penetration - existing product and existing market 重要缺陷 Material deficiency 矩陣制組織結(jié)構(gòu) Matrix organization structure 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)度量 Measurement of risk 公司戰(zhàn)略的現(xiàn)代概念 Modern concept of corporate strategy 監(jiān)督 Monitoring 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的監(jiān)督與改進(jìn) Monitoring and improvement of risk management M型企業(yè)組織結(jié)構(gòu)(多部門結(jié)構(gòu)) Multi-divisional organization structure 非杠桿收購 Non leveraged buy-out 內(nèi)部控制的目標(biāo) Objectives of internal control 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的目標(biāo) Objectives of risk management 現(xiàn)場檢查 On-site inspection 運(yùn)行缺陷 Operating deficiency 操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Operational risk 期權(quán)合約 Options contracts 組織管理能力 Organization management ability 組織資源 Organization resources 組織架構(gòu) Organization structure 業(yè)務(wù)外包 Outsourcing 信息系統(tǒng)外包 Out-sourcing of information system 人員導(dǎo)向性 People-driven 績效評估 Performance evaluation 資源的持久性 Persistence of the resources owned PEST分析 PEST analysis 政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Political risk 供應(yīng)者、購買者討價還價的能力 Power of buyers or suppliers 預(yù)防成本 Prevention cost 基本活動(又稱主體活動) Primary activities 內(nèi)部控制的原則 Principles of internal control 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理基本流程 Process of risk management 采購業(yè)務(wù) Procurement activities 產(chǎn)品開發(fā)——新產(chǎn)品和現(xiàn)有市場 Product development - new product and existing market 產(chǎn)品/品牌事業(yè)部制結(jié)構(gòu) Product/Brand business structure 生產(chǎn)流程計(jì)劃 Production process planning 生產(chǎn)運(yùn)營 Production and operation 生產(chǎn)管理能力 Production management ability 產(chǎn)能計(jì)劃 Production plan 盈利能力和回報(bào)率指標(biāo) Profitability and rate of return measurement 質(zhì)量管理 Quality management 反應(yīng)型戰(zhàn)略 Reactive strategy 相關(guān)多元化 Related diversification 研究與開發(fā) Research and development 研發(fā)能力 Research and development ability 已動用資本報(bào)酬率(投資回報(bào)率或凈資產(chǎn)回報(bào)率) Return of capital employed(ROCE)/Return of investment(ROI)/Return of net assets(RONA) 轉(zhuǎn)向戰(zhàn)略 Reverse strategy 激勵和獎勵機(jī)制 Reward and incentive system 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)承擔(dān) Risk acceptance 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)偏好 Risk appetite 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估 Risk assessment 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避 Risk avoidance 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償 Risk compensation 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制 Risk control 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換 Risk conversion 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移 Risk transfer 角色導(dǎo)向型 Role-driven 證券投資 Securities investment 重大缺陷 Significant deficiency 穩(wěn)定戰(zhàn)略 Stable strategy 利益相關(guān)者 stakeholders 企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟 Strategic alliances 戰(zhàn)略分析 Strategic analysis 外部環(huán)境分析 Strategic analysis – External environment 戰(zhàn)略業(yè)務(wù)單位組織結(jié)構(gòu) Strategic business unit organization structure(SBU) 戰(zhàn)略控制系統(tǒng) Strategic control system 戰(zhàn)略群組 Strategic group 戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo) Strategic objective 國際化經(jīng)營的戰(zhàn)略類型 Strategic options for international business 業(yè)績計(jì)量 Strategic performance evaluation 戰(zhàn)略風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Strategic risk 內(nèi)部環(huán)境分析 Strategy analysis - Internal environment 發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 Strategy development 戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施 Strategy implementation 戰(zhàn)略管理過程 Strategy management process 戰(zhàn)略選擇 Strategy selection 繼任計(jì)劃 Succession planning 技術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) Technology risk 潛在進(jìn)入者的進(jìn)入威脅 Threat of new entrants 替代品的替代威脅 Threat of substitutes 跨國戰(zhàn)略 Transnational strategy 非相關(guān)多元化 Unrelated diversification 戰(zhàn)略失效 Unsuccessful strategy 價值鏈分析 Value chain analysis 縱向并購 Vertical merger and acquisition 零基預(yù)算 Zero-based budgeting 經(jīng)濟(jì)法 承諾 Acceptance 收購人 Acquirer 要約收購 Acquisition by offer 上市公司收購 Acquisition of a listed company 資產(chǎn)收購 Acquisition of assets 實(shí)際出資人 Actual capital contributor 實(shí)際控制 Actual control 實(shí)際控制人 Actual controller 臨時報(bào)告 Ad hoc report 管理人 Administrator 入伙 Admission to a partnership 代理/受托人 Agent 協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)讓 Agree to transfer 合同變更 Alter of contract 年度報(bào)告 Annual report 關(guān)聯(lián)交易 Associated transaction 公司章程 Association of articles 破產(chǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn) Bankrupt property 破產(chǎn)債權(quán) Bankruptcy creditor 破產(chǎn)費(fèi)用 Bankruptcy expenses 破產(chǎn)法 Bankruptcy Law 基準(zhǔn)日 Base date 大宗交易 Block trading 董事會 Board of directors 監(jiān)事會 Board of supervisors 民事行為能力 Capacity for civil conducts 董事長 Chairperson of the board 民事權(quán)利能力 Civil rights 集體所有權(quán) Collective ownership 公司分立 Company demergers 公司法 Company Law 股份有限公司 Company limited 公司合并 Company mergers 經(jīng)營者集中 Concentration of operators 一致行動 Consistent act 合同法 Contract Law 承攬人/承包人 Contractor 委托合同 Contracts for commission 承攬合同 Contracts for work 控股股東 Controlling shareholders 可轉(zhuǎn)換公司債券 Convertible bond 協(xié)同行為 Coordinated behavior 公司債券 Corporate bond 信用評級 Credit rating 債權(quán)人委員會 Creditors’ committee 債權(quán)人會議 Creditors’ meeting 違約金 Damages for breach of contract 債務(wù)人財(cái)產(chǎn) Debtor’s property 破產(chǎn)宣告 Declaration of bankruptcy 減資 Decrease of capital 故意 Deliberate intention 標(biāo)的物 Delivery of the object 定金 Deposits 注銷登記 Deregistration 董事 Directors 清償 Discharge 持股權(quán)益披露 Disclosure of shareholders’ interest 任意公積金 Discretionary reserve fund 合同的解除 Dismissal of contract 處分權(quán) Disposal right 解散 Dissolution 新設(shè)分立 Division by new establishment 贈與 Donation 提存 Drawing 選舉權(quán) Election rights 發(fā)包人 Employer 股權(quán)收購 Equities acquisition 合同成立 Establishment of a contract 核準(zhǔn) Examination and approval 免責(zé)條款 Exclusion clauses 執(zhí)行董事 Executive directors 除名 Expel 臨時股東大會 Extraordinary general meeting 不可抗力 Force majeure 欺詐 Fraud 無償劃撥 Free allotment 股東大會 General meeting of shareholders 普通合伙人 General partners 普通合伙企業(yè) General partnership enterprises 政府債券 Government bond 重大過失 Gross fault 保證人 Guarantor 擔(dān)保 Guaranty 擔(dān)保合同 Guaranty contracts 保證期間 Guaranty period 不動產(chǎn) Immovable property/Real estate 獨(dú)立董事 Independent directors 間接收購 Indirect takeover 首次公開發(fā)行 Initial public offering(IPO) 內(nèi)幕交易 Insider trading 資不抵債 Insolvency 脅迫 Intimidation 無效行為 Invalid activities 出資義務(wù) Investment obligation 非公開發(fā)行 Issuance in a non-public manner 連帶責(zé)任保證 Joint and several liability guarantee 共同共有 Joint co-ownership 正當(dāng)理由 Justified reasons 土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán) Land contractual operating rights 租賃物 Leased property 法人財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán) Legal person property rights 法定代理人 Legal representatives 違約責(zé)任 Liability for breach of contract 訴訟時效 Limitation of action 有限責(zé)任公司 Limited liability company 有限合伙人 Limited partner 有限合伙企業(yè) Limited partnership enterprise 限定交易 Limited trading 清算組 Liquidation committee 清算義務(wù)人 Liquidation obligor 上市公司 Listed company 管理層收購 Management buyout 強(qiáng)制要約 Mandatory offer 操縱市場行為 Market rigging 市場份額 Market share 重大資產(chǎn)重組 Material assets reorganization 吸收合并 Merger by absorption 新設(shè)合并 Merger by consolidation 少數(shù)股東權(quán)益 Minority shareholder rights 壟斷行為 Monopolistic practices 壟斷 Monopoly 抵押權(quán) Mortgage 動產(chǎn) Movable property 名義股東 Nominee shareholder 非貨幣財(cái)產(chǎn)出資 Non-monetary contribution 不可替代物 Non-substitute 善意取得 Obtain in good faith 要約 Offer 抵銷 Offset 經(jīng)營者 Operators 所有權(quán) Ownership 有償出讓 Paid transfer 履行 Perform 重整期間 Period of reorganization 定期報(bào)告 Periodic report 配股 Placing 質(zhì)權(quán) Pledge rights 優(yōu)先清償 Preferential repayment 委托人 Principal 私人所有權(quán) Private ownership 破產(chǎn)和解程序 Procedure of settlement for bankruptcy 加工 Processing 利潤分配 Profit distribution 發(fā)起人 Promoter 發(fā)起設(shè)立 Promotion 招股說明書 Prospectus 公積金 Provident fund 物權(quán)法 Real Rights Law 注冊資本 Registered capital 重整 Reorganization 收購報(bào)告書 Report of acquisition 要約收購報(bào)告書 Reports of acquisition by offer 股東會決議 Resolution of shareholders’ meeting 可撤銷合同 Revocable contract 知情權(quán) Right to know 提議權(quán) Right to propose 破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán) Right to rescind bankruptcy 優(yōu)先受償權(quán) Right to seek preferential payments of compensation 證券法 Securities Law 證券服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu) Securities trading service institutions 自益權(quán) Self-benefit right 股東會 Shareholders’ meeting 短線交易 Short swing trading 簡易交付 Simple delivery 一人有限責(zé)任公司 Single shareholder limited liability company 中小企業(yè)板 Small and medium enterprise (SME) board 個人獨(dú)資企業(yè) Sole proprietorship enterprises 保薦人 Sponsor 國家所有權(quán) State ownership 法定退伙 Statutory withdrawal from the partnership 募集設(shè)立 Stock flotation 股票 Stocks 停止支付 Stop paying/ Terminate payment 代位權(quán) Subrogation 認(rèn)購股份 Subscription of shares 可替代物 Substitute 監(jiān)事 Supervisors 補(bǔ)充協(xié)議 Supplementary terms 盈余公積金 Surplus reserve 暫停上市 Suspend the listing 停牌 Suspend trading 持續(xù)盈利能力 Sustainable profitability 終止上市 Terminate the listing 合同終止 Terminated contract 從物 The auxiliary property 消費(fèi)者利益 The interests of consumers 原物 The original object 主物 The principal property 股東名冊 The register of shareholders 破產(chǎn)抵銷權(quán) The right of set-off 一般取回權(quán) The right to retrieve 民事撤銷權(quán) The right to revoke 交易相對人 Trading counterparties 停市 Trading halt 過戶 Transfer (of securities) 債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓 Transfer of the creditor’s rights 不能清償 Unable/Fails to pay off 承銷 Undertaking 承銷商 Underwriter 非上市公眾公司 Unlisted public company 用益物權(quán) Usufruct rights 要約有效期 Valid period of an offer 無效合同 Void contract 一人一票 Voting method of one vote for one 表決權(quán) Voting rights 債務(wù)的免除 Waived obligations 豁免 Waiver 認(rèn)股權(quán)證 Warrant 合同簽訂地 Where a contract is signed 國有獨(dú)資公司 Wholly state-owned company 抽逃出資 Withdraw paid-in capital 退伙 Withdrawal from the partnership |
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