最近用Mockito寫了好多測(cè)試，之所以選中Mockito，而不是EasyMock，或者JMock，是因?yàn)槲铱戳斯俜降膶?duì)比文檔：Mockito對(duì)比EasyMock，從文檔中就可以看出來(lái)，Mockito的語(yǔ)法很自然，而EashMock之類的什么record，play模型顯得有點(diǎn)多余。Mockito的所有功能都在Mockito這個(gè)類中，里面的函數(shù)按功能可分為幾類：
1. 參數(shù)匹配 — 就是Matchers里的那些any開頭的函數(shù)
2. Mock
3. 打樁（stub）功能 — 就是那些do什么開頭的函數(shù)
4. 驗(yàn)證模型， 包括atLeast，atLeastOnce，atMost，only，times等。

大多數(shù)函數(shù)都很直觀，看名字就能知道它的功能，下面是一些稍微復(fù)雜的用法：

1。 如何匹配變長(zhǎng)參數(shù)？

public interface OrderDao
{
    public void saveOrders(Order ...order);
}
public class OrderServiceImpl 
{
    OrderDao orderDao;
    
    public void addOrders(Order ...o)
    {
        orderDao.saveOrders(o);
    }
}

public class OrderServiceImplTest
{
    @Test
    public void addOrder()
    {
        OrderDao dao = mock(OrderDao.class);
        OrderServiceImpl orderService = new OrderServiceImpl(dao);
        Order o = new Order(1);
        
        //when(dao.)
        orderService.addOrders(o);
        verify(dao,times(1)).saveOrders(any(Order[].class));
    }
}

2. Mock和Spy的區(qū)別
如果你mock了一個(gè)類，那么這個(gè)類的所有的函數(shù)都被Mockito改寫了（如果是沒有返回值的函數(shù)，則什么都不作，如果是有返回值，會(huì)返回默認(rèn)值，比如布爾型的話返回false，List的話會(huì)返回一個(gè)空的列表，int的話會(huì)返回0等等），如果你Spy了一個(gè)類，那么所有的函數(shù)都沒有被改變，除了那些被你打過(guò)樁的函數(shù)?？蠢樱?/p>

public class TestServiceImpl
{
    public int getOrderCounts()
    {
        return 10;
    }
}
@Test
    public void MockVsSpy()
    {
        TestServiceImpl service = mock(TestServiceImpl.class);
        //輸出0，因?yàn)樵摵瘮?shù)被Mockito改寫了
        System.out.println("Order counts of mock object" + service.getOrderCounts());
        when(service.getOrderCounts()).thenReturn(2);
        //輸出2， 因?yàn)槲覀兘o這個(gè)函數(shù)打了樁
        System.out.println("Order counts of mock object AFTER stubs " + service.getOrderCounts());
        
        service = new TestServiceImpl();
        service = spy(service);
        //輸出10， 因?yàn)镸ockito spy 不會(huì)改寫已有的函數(shù)
        System.out.println("Order counts of spy object" + service.getOrderCounts());
        when(service.getOrderCounts()).thenReturn(2);
        //輸出2， 因?yàn)槲覀兘o這個(gè)函數(shù)打了樁
        System.out.println("Order counts of spy object AFTER stubs " + service.getOrderCounts());
    }

看下面的例子

public class Account
{
    private String    name;
    private String    adddress;

    public Account(String name, String address)
    {
        this.name = name;
        this.adddress = address;
    }
    ...get/set 函數(shù)
}
public interface AccountDao
{
    public void addAccount(Account a);
}

public class AccountServiceImpl
{
    AccountDao dao;
    
    public AccountServiceImpl(AccountDao dao)
    {
        this.dao = dao;
    }
    
    public void addAccount(String name, String address)
    {
        dao.addAccount(new Account(name, address));
    }
}


public class AccountServiceImplTest
{
    @Test
    public void addAccount()
    {
        AccountDao dao = mock(AccountDao.class);
        AccountServiceImpl service = new AccountServiceImpl(dao);
        
        service.addAccount("obama", "white house");
        
        verify(dao).addAccount(new Account("obama", "white house"));
    }
}