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      android藍(lán)牙開發(fā) 藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的查找和連接

       quasiceo 2015-09-19
      android藍(lán)牙開發(fā) 藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的查找和連接
      2012-10-17      0 個(gè)評(píng)論       作者:centralperk
      收藏    我要投稿

      Android對(duì)于藍(lán)牙開發(fā)從2.0版本的sdk才開始支持,而且模擬器不支持,測(cè)試至少需要兩部手機(jī),所以制約了很多技術(shù)人員的開發(fā)。
            1.  首先,要操作藍(lán)牙,先要在AndroidManifest.xml里加入權(quán)限

        // 管理藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的權(quán)限  

      <uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

       // 使用藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的權(quán)限  

      <uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />

      2.打開藍(lán)牙
      獲得藍(lán)牙適配器(android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter),檢查該設(shè)備是否支持藍(lán)牙,如果支持,就打開藍(lán)牙。

      [java]
      // 檢查設(shè)備是否支持藍(lán)牙      
      adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();    
      if (adapter == null)    
      {    
          // 設(shè)備不支持藍(lán)牙      
      }    
      // 打開藍(lán)牙      
      if (!adapter.isEnabled())    
      {    
          Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);    
          // 設(shè)置藍(lán)牙可見性,最多300秒      
          intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);    
          context.startActivity(intent);    
      }   

      // 檢查設(shè)備是否支持藍(lán)牙   
      adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();  
      if (adapter == null)  
      {  
          // 設(shè)備不支持藍(lán)牙   
      }  
      // 打開藍(lán)牙   
      if (!adapter.isEnabled())  
      {  
          Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);  
          // 設(shè)置藍(lán)牙可見性,最多300秒   
          intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);  
          context.startActivity(intent);  

      3.獲取已配對(duì)的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice)
      首次連接某藍(lán)牙設(shè)備需要先配對(duì),一旦配對(duì)成功,該設(shè)備的信息會(huì)被保存,以后連接時(shí)無需再配對(duì),所以已配對(duì)的設(shè)備不一定是能連接的。

      [java]
      BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();    
      Set<BluetoothDevice> devices = adapter.getBondedDevices();    
      for(int i=0; i<devices.size(); i++)    
      {    
          BluetoothDevice device = (BluetoothDevice) devices.iterator().next();    
         System.out.println(device.getName());    
      }   

      BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();  
      Set<BluetoothDevice> devices = adapter.getBondedDevices();  
      for(int i=0; i<devices.size(); i++)  
      {  
          BluetoothDevice device = (BluetoothDevice) devices.iterator().next();  
         System.out.println(device.getName());  

      4.搜索周圍的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備
      適配器搜索藍(lán)牙設(shè)備后將結(jié)果以廣播形式傳出去,所以需要自定義一個(gè)繼承廣播的類,在onReceive方法中獲得并處理藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的搜索結(jié)果。

      [java]
      // 設(shè)置廣播信息過濾      
      IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();    
      intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);    
      intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);    
      intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED);    
      intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);    
      // 注冊(cè)廣播接收器,接收并處理搜索結(jié)果      
      context.registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);    
      // 尋找藍(lán)牙設(shè)備,android會(huì)將查找到的設(shè)備以廣播形式發(fā)出去      
      adapter.startDiscovery();   

      // 設(shè)置廣播信息過濾   
      IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();  
      intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);  
      intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);  
      intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED);  
      intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);  
      // 注冊(cè)廣播接收器,接收并處理搜索結(jié)果   
      context.registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);  
      // 尋找藍(lán)牙設(shè)備,android會(huì)將查找到的設(shè)備以廣播形式發(fā)出去   
      adapter.startDiscovery();  自定義廣播類

      [java]
      private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {    
         @Override    
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {    
             String action = intent.getAction();    
              if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {    
                  BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);    
                  System.out.println(device.getName());    
             }    
         }    

      private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {  
         @Override  
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {  
             String action = intent.getAction();  
              if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {  
                  BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);  
                  System.out.println(device.getName());  
             }  
         }  
      }
      5.藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的配對(duì)和狀態(tài)監(jiān)視

      [java]
      private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {    
          @Override    
          public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {    
              String action = intent.getAction();    
              if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {    
                  // 獲取查找到的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備      
                  BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);    
                  System.out.println(device.getName());    
                  // 如果查找到的設(shè)備符合要連接的設(shè)備,處理      
                  if (device.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {    
                      // 搜索藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的過程占用資源比較多,一旦找到需要連接的設(shè)備后需要及時(shí)關(guān)閉搜索      
                      adapter.cancelDiscovery();    
                      // 獲取藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的連接狀態(tài)      
                      connectState = device.getBondState();    
                      switch (connectState) {    
                          // 未配對(duì)      
                          case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:    
                              // 配對(duì)      
                              try {    
                                  Method createBondMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("createBond");    
                                  createBondMethod.invoke(device);    
                              } catch (Exception e) {     
                                  e.printStackTrace();    
                              }    
                              break;    
                          // 已配對(duì)      
                          case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:    
                              try {    
                                  // 連接      
                                 connect(device);    
                              } catch (IOException e) {    
                                  e.printStackTrace();    
                              }    
                              break;    
                      }    
                  }    
             } else if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {    
                  // 狀態(tài)改變的廣播      
                  BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);    
                  if (device.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {     
                      connectState = device.getBondState();    
                      switch (connectState) {    
                          case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:    
                              break;    
                          case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:    
                              break;    
                          case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:    
                              try {    
                                  // 連接      
                                  connect(device);    
                              } catch (IOException e) {    
                                  e.printStackTrace();    
                              }    
                              break;    
                      }    
                  }    
              }    
          }    
      }   

      private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {  
          @Override  
          public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {  
              String action = intent.getAction();  
              if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {  
                  // 獲取查找到的藍(lán)牙設(shè)備   
                  BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);  
                  System.out.println(device.getName());  
                  // 如果查找到的設(shè)備符合要連接的設(shè)備,處理   
                  if (device.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {  
                      // 搜索藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的過程占用資源比較多,一旦找到需要連接的設(shè)備后需要及時(shí)關(guān)閉搜索   
                      adapter.cancelDiscovery();  
                      // 獲取藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的連接狀態(tài)   
                      connectState = device.getBondState();  
                      switch (connectState) {  
                          // 未配對(duì)   
                          case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:  
                              // 配對(duì)   
                              try {  
                                  Method createBondMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("createBond");  
                                  createBondMethod.invoke(device);  
                              } catch (Exception e) {   
                                  e.printStackTrace();  
                              }  
                              break;  
                          // 已配對(duì)   
                          case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:  
                              try {  
                                  // 連接   
                                 connect(device);  
                              } catch (IOException e) {  
                                  e.printStackTrace();  
                              }  
                              break;  
                      }  
                  }  
             } else if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {  
                  // 狀態(tài)改變的廣播   
                  BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);  
                  if (device.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {   
                      connectState = device.getBondState();  
                      switch (connectState) {  
                          case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:  
                              break;  
                          case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:  
                              break;  
                          case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:  
                              try {  
                                  // 連接   
                                  connect(device);  
                              } catch (IOException e) {  
                                  e.printStackTrace();  
                              }  
                              break;  
                      }  
                  }  
              }  
          }  
      }  6.藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的連接

      [java]
      private void connect(BluetoothDevice device) throws IOException {    
          // 固定的UUID      
          final String SPP_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";    
          UUID uuid = UUID.fromString(SPP_UUID);    
          BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);    
          socket.connect();    
      }   

      private void connect(BluetoothDevice device) throws IOException {  
          // 固定的UUID   
          final String SPP_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";  
          UUID uuid = UUID.fromString(SPP_UUID);  
          BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);  
          socket.connect();  

      本篇文章來源于 Linux公社網(wǎng)站(www.)  原文鏈接:http://www./Linux/2011-12/48374.htm


       

      1.BluetoothAdapter 顧名思義,藍(lán)牙適配器,直到我們建立bluetoothSocket連接之前,都要不斷操作它

            BluetoothAdapter里的方法很多,常用的有以下幾個(gè):

            cancelDiscovery() 根據(jù)字面意思,是取消發(fā)現(xiàn),也就是說當(dāng)我們正在搜索設(shè)備的時(shí)候調(diào)用這個(gè)方法將不再繼續(xù)搜索

            disable()關(guān)閉藍(lán)牙

            enable()打開藍(lán)牙,這個(gè)方法打開藍(lán)牙不會(huì)彈出提示,更多的時(shí)候我們需要問下用戶是否打開,一下這兩行代碼同樣是打開藍(lán)牙,不過會(huì)提示用戶:

      Intemtenabler=new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);

      startActivityForResult(enabler,reCode);//同startActivity(enabler);

            getAddress()獲取本地藍(lán)牙地址

            getDefaultAdapter()獲取默認(rèn)BluetoothAdapter,實(shí)際上,也只有這一種方法獲取BluetoothAdapter

            getName()獲取本地藍(lán)牙名稱

            getRemoteDevice(String address)根據(jù)藍(lán)牙地址獲取遠(yuǎn)程藍(lán)牙設(shè)備

            getState()獲取本地藍(lán)牙適配器當(dāng)前狀態(tài)(感覺可能調(diào)試的時(shí)候更需要)

            isDiscovering()判斷當(dāng)前是否正在查找設(shè)備,是返回true

            isEnabled()判斷藍(lán)牙是否打開,已打開返回true,否則,返回false

           listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String name,UUID uuid)根據(jù)名稱,UUID創(chuàng)建并返回BluetoothServerSocket,這是創(chuàng)建BluetoothSocket服務(wù)器端的第一步

            startDiscovery()開始搜索,這是搜索的第一步

          2.BluetoothDevice看名字就知道,這個(gè)類描述了一個(gè)藍(lán)牙設(shè)備

             createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUIDuuid)根據(jù)UUID創(chuàng)建并返回一個(gè)BluetoothSocket


             這個(gè)方法也是我們獲取BluetoothDevice的目的——?jiǎng)?chuàng)建BluetoothSocket


             這個(gè)類其他的方法,如getAddress(),getName(),同BluetoothAdapter

          3.BluetoothServerSocket如果去除了Bluetooth相信大家一定再熟悉不過了,既然是Socket,方法就應(yīng)該都差不多,


      這個(gè)類一種只有三個(gè)方法


      兩個(gè)重載的accept(),accept(inttimeout)兩者的區(qū)別在于后面的方法指定了過時(shí)時(shí)間,需要注意的是,執(zhí)行這兩個(gè)方法的時(shí)候,直到接收到了客戶端的請(qǐng)求(或是過期之后),都會(huì)阻塞線程,應(yīng)該放在新線程里運(yùn)行!


      還有一點(diǎn)需要注意的是,這兩個(gè)方法都返回一個(gè)BluetoothSocket,最后的連接也是服務(wù)器端與客戶端的兩個(gè)BluetoothSocket的連接

            close()這個(gè)就不用說了吧,翻譯一下——關(guān)閉!

          4.BluetoothSocket,跟BluetoothServerSocket相對(duì),是客戶端


      一共5個(gè)方法,不出意外,都會(huì)用到

            close(),關(guān)閉

            connect()連接

            getInptuStream()獲取輸入流

            getOutputStream()獲取輸出流

            getRemoteDevice()獲取遠(yuǎn)程設(shè)備,這里指的是獲取bluetoothSocket指定連接的那個(gè)遠(yuǎn)程藍(lán)牙設(shè)備

       

       

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