K2 n. 喬戈里峰

【背景】該山為世界第二高山，高8616.3米(28250英尺)，1856年被命名為K2峰。該峰是喀喇昆侖山脈第二座被測(cè)高的山峰，以英國(guó)軍人兼勘探者亨利·哈弗商姆·戈德溫-奧斯丁的名字命名。

keep v. 1.保留，保存：I keep old letters. 我保存舊信。/ Will the tomatoes keep until tomorrow? 這西紅柿能留到明天不壞嗎？2.保持，繼續(xù)：Please keep quiet. 請(qǐng)保持安靜。/ He kept thinking it over.他心里老想著這件事。/ Keep straight on until you get to the church. 一直朝前走就走到教堂了。3.遵守，保守：He keeps to his promise. 他守約。/ Can you keep a secret? 你能保守秘密嗎？4.供養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)：He keeps a dog. 他養(yǎng)了一條狗。/ It costs a lot to keep a family of four. 要養(yǎng)活一個(gè)四口之家花費(fèi)很大。5.使得，(使…)保持：Illness kept her from coming yesterday. 她昨天因病沒(méi)有來(lái)。/ Keep this door closed. 這扇門(mén)要經(jīng)常關(guān)著。

【短語(yǔ)】1. keep back 阻止，后退，忍?。?/span>The police kept the crowd back. 警察使群眾后退。/ She couldn't keep back her tears. 她忍不住哭了。2. keep on 繼續(xù)：The rain kept on for several days. 雨一連下了好幾天。/ Don't keep on asking such questions. 不要老問(wèn)那樣的問(wèn)題。3. keep out (of) 遮擋，使不進(jìn)入：The trees keep out the wind. 這些樹(shù)可以擋風(fēng)。/ Keep the dog out of my room. 別讓狗進(jìn)入我的房間。4. keep up 保持，繼續(xù)：Rain kept up all night. 雨下了一整夜。5. keep up with 跟上，不落后：Try to keep up with the others. 設(shè)法不要落在別人后面。/ I had to run to keep up with the girls. 我要跑步才能跟上那些女孩子。

【考點(diǎn)】后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，不能用不定式，如不能說(shuō)He kept to work for a whole day.(他不停地工作了一整天)，應(yīng)將其中的to work改為working。另外它也不能后接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即不說(shuō)keep sb to do sth，如不能說(shuō)He kept me to wait，應(yīng)將其中的to wait改為waiting。

key n. 1.[C]鑰匙：This is the car key. 這是車(chē)鑰匙。2.[C]鍵：tap the keys of a typewriter 敲擊打字機(jī)的鍵 / Pianos have black and white keys.鋼琴上有黑的和白的鍵。3.[C]關(guān)鍵，秘訣，答案：This is the key to the problem. 這是問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵。/ The key to good health is to eat and sleep regularly. 保持身體健康的秘訣是飲食和睡眠要有規(guī)律。

【考點(diǎn)】表示“…的鑰匙”時(shí)，其后用介詞 to或of均可：Have you got the key to[of] the door? 你有這門(mén)的鑰匙嗎？但是若用于引申義，表示“答案”、“秘訣”、“關(guān)鍵”等義時(shí)，其后通常要用介詞to而不用of：the key to one's success 某人成功的秘訣

keyboard n.[C]鍵盤(pán)：the keyboard of a piano (a typewriter) 鋼琴(打字機(jī))的鍵盤(pán)

kick v. 踢：The boy kicked off his shoes. 這個(gè)小男孩踢掉了鞋子。/ He kicked a hole in the door. 他在門(mén)上踢了個(gè)洞。/ The horse kicked me when I tried to ride it. 我設(shè)法騎馬時(shí)，它踢了我。n.[C]踢：He gave the dog a kick. 他踢了一下這條狗。/ He shut the door with a kick. 他把門(mén)一踢,把門(mén)關(guān)上了。

【用法】漢語(yǔ)說(shuō)“踢足球”，指的是進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)體育活動(dòng)，所以此時(shí)的“足球”(football)前不能用冠詞，并且此時(shí)的“踢”也不能用kick，而用play。比較：He played football with his classmates. 他同他的同學(xué)踢足球。/ He kicked the football out of the field. 他把足球踢出了球場(chǎng)。

kid n.[C]小孩，年輕人：school kids學(xué)童 / college kids 大學(xué)生 / How many kids do you have? 你有幾個(gè)小孩？/ The kids are playing tennis. 孩子們?cè)诖蚓W(wǎng)球。

kill v. (被)殺死，(被)弄死：He was killed in the battle. 他戰(zhàn)死沙場(chǎng)。/ He decided to killed himself. 他決定自殺。/ These flowers kill easily. 這些花很容易枯死。

kilo n.[C]千克(=kilogram)，千米(=kilometer)：A kilo of apple, please. 我要1公斤蘋(píng)果。/ He weighs 52 kilos. 他重52公斤。

kilogram n.[C]千克：I bought 3 kilograms of potatoes. 我買(mǎi)了兩公斤土豆兒。

kilometer n.[C]千米(公里)：There are 1000 meters in a kilometer. 1公里等于1000米。/ They live 200 km from Paris. 他們住在離巴黎200公里的地方。

kind n.[C]種，類：hats of all kinds = all kinds of hats 形形色色的帽子 / He is not the kind of person to lie. 他不是那種說(shuō)謊的人。adj. 善良的，友好的：Be kind to old people. 待老年人要親切。/ It’s very kind of you to come here! 難得你來(lái)！/ He's kind and interesting. 他很友好也很有趣。

kind-hearted adj. 好心的：He is a kind-hearted person. 他是個(gè)心腸很好的人。

kitchen n.[C]廚房：We usually eat breakfast in the kitchen. 我們通常在廚房吃早餐。/ The kitchen was filled with a strange smell. 整個(gè)廚房有股怪味。

kite n.[C]風(fēng)箏：The children were flying kites on the hill. 孩子們?cè)谏綅徤戏棚L(fēng)箏。

knee n. 1.[C]膝蓋：I fell and cut my knee. 我把膝蓋摔破了。

knife n.[C]小刀：a knife and fork 一副刀叉 / This knife does not cut well. 這把刀不好用。/ He came at me with a knife. 他拿著一把刀向我襲擊。

knock n.[C]敲，打：Someone is knocking at the door. 有人在敲門(mén)。v. 敲，打，撞：Please knock (on the door) before entering. 請(qǐng)先敲門(mén)再進(jìn)來(lái)。/ I knocked my head on the car door. 我的頭撞在汽車(chē)門(mén)上了。

know v. 1.懂得，知道，了解：I know English. 我懂英語(yǔ)。/ Please let me know your plans. 請(qǐng)讓我了解你們的計(jì)劃。/ I don’t know about it. 那件事我可不知道。/ She doesn't know which to choose. 她不知該選哪一個(gè)。2.認(rèn)識(shí)：I have known him for more than 10 years. 我已認(rèn)識(shí)他十幾年了。3.能識(shí)別，能區(qū)分：He doesn’t know a friend from an enemy. 他不分?jǐn)秤选?/span>

【短語(yǔ)】1. know of 聽(tīng)說(shuō)：I known of him, but I can’t really say that I know him. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)他，可是我并不認(rèn)識(shí)他。2. know about 了解，知道…的情況：I don't know about that. 那事我不知道。/ I want to know about this thing now from beginning to end. 現(xiàn)在我想從頭至尾地了解這件事的情況。

【辨析】be known as, be known for 與 be known to：be known as 表示“作為…出名”，be known for 表示“因?yàn)?/span>…出名”，be known to 表示“為…所知”：She was well known as an excellent dancer. 她作為一個(gè)杰出的舞蹈家非常有名。/ He is known for his poems. 他以他的詩(shī)出名。/ He is known to us as a story writer. 我們知道他是位小說(shuō)家。

【考點(diǎn)】1. 通常一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。2.其后一般不直接跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，除非其前有連接代(副)詞，如不說(shuō)He knows to play the piano，而說(shuō)He knows how to play the piano.他會(huì)彈鋼琴。

knowledge n. 1.[U]知識(shí)，學(xué)問(wèn)：Knowledge is power. 知識(shí)就是力量。/ He has much knowledge of music. 他很懂音樂(lè)知識(shí)。2.[U]知道，理解，了解：It has not come to my knowledge. 這事我還不知道。/ A baby has no knowledge of good and bad. 小孩兒不解善惡。

【考點(diǎn)】1.是不可數(shù)名詞，但有時(shí)可在其前用不定冠詞表示某種程度的知識(shí)(此時(shí)a=some): He has a knowledge of history. 他懂點(diǎn)歷史。2.要表示“有關(guān)…的知識(shí)”，要用 the knowledge of：the knowledge of history 歷史知識(shí)