不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)

（1）一般說來抽象名詞為不可數(shù)名詞，但當抽象名詞表示具體的東西時，可用作可數(shù)名詞且詞義發(fā)生變化，主要類型如下：

①抽象名詞表示具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、感情情緒的人或事。如：

抽象名詞（不可數(shù)）具體化（個體名詞，可數(shù)名詞）

in surprise驚訝地 a surprise一件令人驚訝的事

win success獲得成功 a success一個(件)成功的人(事)

win honor贏得榮譽 an honor一個(件)引以為榮的(事)

Failure(失敗)is the mother of success a failure失敗者

失敗是成功之母。

by experience靠經驗 an experience一次經歷

youth青春 a youth一個青年人

have pity on sb.憐憫某人 a pity可惜的事情

with pleasure樂意 a pleasure樂事

②抽象名詞與a(an)連用，淡化了抽象概念，轉化為似乎可以體驗到的動作、行為或類別。如：

A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.

Would you like to have a walk(swim, bath, talk)with me?

It is waste of time reading such a novel.

She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.

(2)物質名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，但表示數(shù)量或種類之多時，可以用作可數(shù)名詞。如：

①物質名詞有形或數(shù)的相應物體，有單、復數(shù)。如：some coffee一些咖啡，a coffee一杯咖啡，three coffees三杯咖啡，some drink一些飲料, a drink一杯飲料，three drinks三杯飲料，his hair他的頭發(fā)，a few grey hairs幾根白發(fā)，glass玻璃，a glass一只玻璃杯。

②物質名詞有前置后置修飾時，前面要使用不定冠詞。

have breakfast The road is covered with snow.

have a wonderful breakfast They have a heavy snow every year.

Time and tide wait for no man.

We had a wonderful time last night.

(3)有復數(shù)形式的不可數(shù)名詞

①有些抽象名詞往往以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，起到一種豐富語言感情色彩或強調某種特殊狀態(tài)的作用。如：

Use your brains, please.

They have smoothed away the difficulties.

Have you made preparations for tomorrow’s meeting?

Many thanks for your kindness.

No pains, no gains.

After many failures, they finally succeeded.

②有些物質名詞以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，表示數(shù)量之多，范圍之廣。如：

The boy burst into tears at the bad news.

The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops.

The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains.