一·定義:表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 二·構(gòu)成:一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成有三種形式 1.主語(yǔ) + was /were + 其他 2.there was /were + 其他 3.主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 + 其他 例如:He was here just now. 他剛才在這兒。There was an old picture on the wall last year. 去年墻上有一張舊畫。 I did my homework yesterday. 昨天我做了家庭作業(yè)。 三·動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成 1.規(guī)則變化(1)一般的加-ed 如:clean ----cleaned help ----helped (2)以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加-ed 如:study ----studied cry ----cried (3)以元音字母+y 結(jié)尾的詞直接加-ed 如: play ----played enjoy -----enjoyed (4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞,要雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母,再加-ed. 如:stop ----stopped drop -----dropped prefer ------preferred 2.不規(guī)則變化 go-----went take-----took have------had buy-------bought eat-------ate see-----saw hang------hung meet------met win-------won sleep-------slept put------put come------came wake------woke read------read do-------did 四·常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 1.yesterday及其構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ) Tom lost his bike yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午湯姆丟了他的自行車。 2.由一段時(shí)間+ago 構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ) I finished my homework two hours ago. 兩個(gè)小時(shí)前我就完成作業(yè)了。 3.由last +時(shí)間名詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ) He went to the movie last weekend. 上周末他去看電影了。 4.由介詞+過(guò)去時(shí)間的名詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ) Our family lived in the country in1985. 1985年我們家住在農(nóng)村。 5.其他一些時(shí)間名詞或短語(yǔ) I saw her just now . 我剛才看見過(guò)她 五·一般過(guò)去式的句式轉(zhuǎn)換 1.句中帶有動(dòng)詞的改為疑問句時(shí),將was /were 提到主語(yǔ)之前,肯定回答為”Yes ,主語(yǔ)(代詞)+was /were ” 和”Yes, there was /were ” 否定回答為”No ,主語(yǔ)(代詞)+wasn’t /weren’t” 和”No ,there wasn’t /weren’t”。 改為否定句時(shí),在was /were后加not即可。 2.句中含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的,改為疑問句或否定句時(shí),須借助情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞did. I know the answer. 改為疑問:Did you know the answer ? 肯定/否定回答:Yes , I did . / No ,I didn’t . 改為否定句: I didn’t know the answer. 六·一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法 1.表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如: She went to Hong Kong by plane yesterday. 她昨天乘飛機(jī)去了香港。 We saw the film last week. 我們上周看了那部電影。 2.表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如: Li Lei got up early in the morning , had breakfast and then went to school by bus . 李雷早上起得很早,吃過(guò)早飯,然后乘公共汽車上學(xué)。 3.表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 如: When I was at school , I always went to school by bus . 我在學(xué)校念書的時(shí)候,總是乘公共汽車上學(xué)。 七·一般過(guò)去時(shí)特殊疑問句的構(gòu)成 一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的特殊疑問句時(shí)由“疑問詞+was /were+主語(yǔ)+其他”或“疑問詞+did+主語(yǔ)+其他”構(gòu)成的。 如: How did you know the result? 你是怎么知道結(jié)果的? How many apples were there on the table? 桌子上有幾個(gè)蘋果? When did he start hiccupping? 他是什么時(shí)候開始打嗝的? |
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