一、往期回顧

英語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法大全

英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法大全

英語(yǔ)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法大全

二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)

（一）定義

一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要用來(lái)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：

• He came here yesterday.

• We visited Paris last week.

（二）基本結(jié)構(gòu)

一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般為：

主語(yǔ)+was/were/did+其他成分

如：

• She was at the party yesterday evening.

• They went to the park this Friday.

• He told me that I could leave for Shanghai.
  

（三）主要用法

1、表過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

• The dog had a house of its own just now.

• She came to see me yesterday afternoon.

2、表過(guò)去習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

• I smoked a lot when I was a college student.

• You were always at home on weekends last month.

【注意】

過(guò)去習(xí)慣的表達(dá)經(jīng)常會(huì)用到used to do，但用了這個(gè)短語(yǔ)，往往意味著現(xiàn)在這個(gè)習(xí)慣已經(jīng)沒(méi)有了。如：

• He used to smoke a lot. （他過(guò)去煙癮很重。）

（四）動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化規(guī)則主要有：

1、+ed

大部分動(dòng)詞都直接在詞尾加ed。如：played、worked

2、+d

以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接在詞尾加d。如：deleted（刪除）、faded（消逝）

3、+ied

以輔音+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要改y為i，再加ed。如：studied、cried

4、+ked

以ic結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要先加k再加ed。如：panicked（恐慌）、trafficked（販運(yùn)）

5、雙寫(xiě)+ed

當(dāng)單詞以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾時(shí)，要雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed。如：stopped、padded（填塞）

6、不規(guī)則

不規(guī)則的動(dòng)詞關(guān)鍵在于多識(shí)記，如：put-put，come-came，go-went，take-took，lend-lent。

【注意】

關(guān)于詞尾ed的發(fā)音，可以參考我之前分享的這篇文章：

動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式詞尾-ed的發(fā)音規(guī)則

（五）標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)

1、yesterday系列

這類時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)主要有：yesterday、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening、the day before yesterday等。如：

• I met an old friend on the street the day before yesterday.

• The band gave a performance at the bar yesterday evening.

2、last系列

這類時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)主要是指由“l(fā)ast+時(shí)間單位”引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)：last Wednesday / last week / last month / last summer / last year等。如：

• They spent their holiday in Berlin last month.

• She left for Beijing on business last week.

3、ago系列

這個(gè)短語(yǔ)的意思是“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間之前”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：時(shí)間段+ago。如：

• The train left five minutes ago.

• The plane arrived an hour ago.

4、just now

該短語(yǔ)表示“剛才”。如：

• Our English teacher gave us a lecture on British accent just now.

• The principal told us just now that there would be a great change in our school this coming summer.

5、the other day

I left my handbag on the train to Tokyo the other day.

She ran into her primary school English teacher at the party the other day.

6、“this+過(guò)去時(shí)間”系列

• She visited the museum this Thursday.

• My aunt came here this Tuesday.

（六）句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1、was/were

當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是由was/were引導(dǎo)時(shí)，was/were就相當(dāng)于助動(dòng)詞，其否定句直接在后面加not即可，疑問(wèn)句只要把was/were提前即可。如：

• 原句：Kerry was in her hometown last Sunday.

• 否定句：Kerry wasn't in her hometown last Sunday.

• 一般疑問(wèn)句：Was Kerry in her hometown last Sunday?

• 劃線部分提問(wèn)：Where was Kerry last Sunday?（提問(wèn)in her hometown）
  

2、did

當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（行為動(dòng)詞）時(shí)，其否定句和疑問(wèn)句的變化要借助助動(dòng)詞did。如：

• 原句：Kerry showed me around her hometown last Sunday.

• 一般疑問(wèn)句：Did Kerry show you around her hometown last Sunday? Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.

• 劃線部分提問(wèn)：When did Kerry show you around her hometown? (提問(wèn)last Sunday)

3、非was/were/did

當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為非was/were/did的動(dòng)詞時(shí)（即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞時(shí)），其否定句和疑問(wèn)句的變化與was/were的情況相同。如：

• 原句：It could be worse.

• 否定句：It couldn't be worse.

• 一般疑問(wèn)句：Could it be worse? Yes, it could. / No, it couldn't.

• 劃線部分提問(wèn)：What could be worse?（提問(wèn)it）

（七）小試牛刀

1. He __________(work) in the factory six months ago.

2. I __________(see) her on the street last week.

3. Mary __________(arrive) at the airport at 7 tomorrow evening.

4. The girl __________(have) a cup of coffee now

5. When __________ he __________(buy) the car? Last October.

6. She __________ (get) up late this morning.

7. She __________(not paint) the desk next Friday.

8. My father __________(meet) one of his schoolmates at the party the other day.

9. __________ (be) you here just now? No, I __________(be not) here.

10. He __________ (put) on a coat because it was very cold yesterday.

【參考答案】

1. worked

2. saw

3. will arrive

4. is having

5. did, buy

6. got

7. will not paint / won't paint

8. met

9. Were, wasn't / was not

10. put

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