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      八下1-5單元期中復(fù)習(xí)講義

       situyate 2017-04-18

      Unit1What’s the matter?

       

      一.語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)

      1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法

      2. 反身代詞

       

      二.作文話題:談?wù)摻】?/span>

       

      三.重要詞匯句型

      1. have a +疾病名詞(得了......?。?/span>

      2. 詢問(wèn)病人病情的句型(也可用于發(fā)生了什么事)

         What’s wrong?

         What’s wrong with you?

         What’s your trouble?

         What’s the trouble with you?

         What’s wrong?

      3.

      lie  v.;位于,平放

      lie--lay--lain--lying

      She should lie down.

      lie  v. 說(shuō)謊

      lie--lied--lied--lying

      She lied again.

      lay  v.放置,產(chǎn)卵

      lay--laid--laid--laying

      The hen is laying an egg.

      4. If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句(主將從現(xiàn))

      5. surprise(1)surprise sb.嚇到某人           (2)be surprised at對(duì)......感到吃驚

                 (3)be surprised to do sth.做某事令人感到吃驚   (4)in surprise驚奇地

      6. agree(1)agree to do sth. 同意做某事

               (2)agree with sb. 同意某人

               (3)agree on sth.雙方就某事達(dá)成一致

               (4)agree that+that從句  同意......

      7. trouble(1)get into trouble陷入困境

                (2)be in trouble處于困境

                (3)get sb. into trouble使某人陷入困境

                (4)have trouble with sth.在某事方面有困難

                (5)have trouble (in) doing sth.在做某事方面有困難

      8. use(1)be/get used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事

           (2)used to do sth.過(guò)去常常做某事

           (3) sth. be used to do......某物被用來(lái)做(表被動(dòng)關(guān)系)......

           (4)sth. be used for doing sth.某物用于/被用于做某事(強(qiáng)調(diào)用途)

      9. take a risk/take risks冒險(xiǎn)                  at risk在危險(xiǎn)中

        at the risk of doing sth.冒生命危險(xiǎn)做某事

      10. run out(花光:物作主語(yǔ))   run out of(人作主語(yǔ))=use up

      11. mean to do sth.打算做某事     mean doing sth.意味著做某事

      12. important(adj.)----unimportant(adj.不重要的)----importance(n.)

      13. be in control of 掌管,控制

      14. cut詞組:1. cut out刪除;刪去   2. cut up切碎   3. cut off切掉;停止                        4. cut down砍到;降低    5. cut in插嘴;超車(chē);插隊(duì)

      Unit2: I’ll help to clean up the city parks.

       

      一.語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)

      1. 動(dòng)詞不定式

      2. 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

       

      二.作文話題:提供幫助,義務(wù)活動(dòng)

       

      三.重要詞匯句型

      1. volunteerv.自愿(做某事)  volunteer to do sth.    volunteer for sth.

                  n. 志愿者

                  adj. 志愿的;自愿的  a volunteer job

      2. 疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式=賓語(yǔ)從句

        I really can’t decide where I should go.=I really can’t decide where to go.

      3. such+a(n) +形容詞+名詞=so+形容詞+a(n)+名詞

        She is such a beautiful girl.=She is so beautiful a girl.

      4. satisfaction(n.滿意)--satisfy(v.使?jié)M意)--satisfied(adj.滿意的)--satisfying(令人滿意的)

        to one’s satisfaction使/令某人滿意/滿足   be satisfied with對(duì)......感到滿意

        be satisfied to do sth. 對(duì)做某事感到滿意

      5. raise...for......籌集...

      6. look like外表上看起來(lái)像  take after指因血緣關(guān)系在性格,性格,行為上相像

      7. make/think/find/believe/feel it +形容詞+to do sth. 使/覺(jué)得/發(fā)現(xiàn)/相信/感覺(jué)做某事......

      8. make a difference to對(duì)......產(chǎn)生影響

      9. imagine: (1)imagine doing sth.想象做某事

                (2)imagine sb. to do sth.想象某人做某事

                (3)imagine that/what   想象......

      10. train:   v. 訓(xùn)練   n. 火車(chē)    training  n.訓(xùn)練;培訓(xùn)

              (1)train sb./sth. to do sth.訓(xùn)練某人/某物去做某事

              (2)train sb. in sth. 在某方面訓(xùn)練/培養(yǎng)某人

      11. understand=follow=catch理解;聽(tīng)懂

         understanding  adj.善解人意的;體諒人的

      12. change  v. 改變;變化   change one’s life    change...into...

                 n. 零錢(qián)(不可數(shù)名詞)   改變(可數(shù)名詞changes

       

      13. 短語(yǔ):

      cheer up (使)變得高興;振奮起來(lái)          give out分發(fā);散發(fā)

      come up with想出;提出                                  put off推遲

      hand out分發(fā)                                                      call up打電話給某人;征召

      care for照顧;非常喜歡                                    try out 參加.....選拔;試用

      fix up修理;裝飾                                               give away贈(zèng)送;捐贈(zèng)

      take after(外貌或行為)像

       

      Unit3Could you please clean your room?

       

      一.語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)

      1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could用法(請(qǐng)求和征求許可)

       

      二.作文話題:對(duì)某事某物的看法(議論文)

       

      三.重要詞匯句型

      1. in a mess亂糟糟;一團(tuán)糟  make a mess of (doing) sth. ()某事搞得一團(tuán)糟

      2. so +助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ) ()

        neither助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ) (也不)

      He will go to Hangzhou for a holiday tomorrow. So will I.

      3. pass  v. 經(jīng)過(guò);穿過(guò)   pass the supermarket

      通過(guò)(考試;會(huì)議);合格或者及格 pass the final exam 

               (時(shí)間的)過(guò)去,流逝   A year passed quickly.

      4. borrow sth.     borrow sth. from sb. (借進(jìn):說(shuō)話人向別人借東西)

         lend sb. sth.    lend sth. to sb. (借出:說(shuō)話人把自己的東西借給別人

         keep“借”或“保留”多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,與一段時(shí)間連用

      5. make(1)make sb. do sth.   I made my mother laugh.

               (2)make+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))  I made my mother sad.

      6. waste: a waste of 浪費(fèi)    a waste of money

        waste sth.浪費(fèi)某物     waste sth. in doing sth.浪費(fèi)......做某事

      7. provide 提供;供應(yīng)

        provide sb. with sth.= provide sth for sb.

        supply sb. with sth.=supply sb. with sth.

        offer sb. sth=offer to do sth.

      8. develop(v.發(fā)展)--developed(adj.發(fā)達(dá)的)--developing(adj.發(fā)展中的)--development(n.發(fā)展)

      develop one’s interest in培養(yǎng)某人對(duì)......的興趣

      9. dropfall  落下;掉下;降下(作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),一般可互換)

        drop還可作及物動(dòng)詞,而fall 不可

      10. 短語(yǔ):

        depend on依靠;依賴                                  take care of 照顧;處理

       

       

       

       

       

       

       

       

       

       

       

      Unit4: Why don’t you talk to your parents?

       

      一.語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)

      1. 提建議和回答提建議的表達(dá)方式

      2. until, so thatalthough引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句

       

      二.作文話題:就某一現(xiàn)象提建議

       

      三.重點(diǎn)詞匯句型

      1. allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事

        allow doing sth.允許做某事

      2. find sb. doing sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事  find sb. to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做了某事

      3. get on (well/badly)with sb. 與某人相處的好/

      4. argue with sb. about sth. 為某事與某人爭(zhēng)論

      5. insteadinstead of

      instead:代替;相反

      副詞,通常放在句首或句末,表示前面的事情沒(méi)有做,而做了后面的事

      He didn't answer; instead, he asked his father.

      instead of:代替;而不是

      介詞短語(yǔ),后面可跟與前面的并列成分相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞形式

      You should be working instead of lying in bed.

      6. 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ever=no matter+特殊疑問(wèn)詞 however=no matter how

      7. offer to do sth.主動(dòng)提出做某事   offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.給某人提供某物

      8. communicate with sb.與某人溝通,交流 

        communicate sth. to sb.......通知/傳達(dá)給某人

      9. return sb. sth= return sth. to sb.=give back

      10. not ...any more(不再)=no more

         not...any longer=no longer(不再)

      11. put pressure on sb.向某人施壓

      12. compete with/against sb.和某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

      13. continue/go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做同一件事

         continue/go on to do sth.繼續(xù)做某事(不是同一件事)

      14. compare A with BAB做對(duì)比/比較(用來(lái)比較相似事物的不同點(diǎn))

      compare A to BA比作B(用來(lái)比較不同事物間的相同點(diǎn))

      16. cause sb. to do sth.促使某人做某事

      cause sth. (to/for sb.)(給某人)帶來(lái)......

      17. 詞組:

      look through快速查看;瀏覽                     work out成功的發(fā)展;解決

      get on with和睦相處;關(guān)系良好               cut out刪除;刪去

      compare...with比較;對(duì)比

       

       

       

       

      Unit5: What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

       

      一.語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)

      1. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

      2. whenwhile的區(qū)別

       

      二.作文話題:描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的某件事

       

      三.重點(diǎn)詞匯句型

      1. light: 1n. 光;光線(不可數(shù)名詞)   2n. 電燈;光源(可數(shù)名詞)

             3adj.輕的;淺色的            

             4v. 點(diǎn)燃;照亮   light---lighted/lit---light/lit

      2. report  v.報(bào)告   n. 報(bào)告    reporter   n. 記者

      3. wood  n. 木頭;木(不可數(shù)名詞)   小樹(shù)林(可數(shù)名詞,常用復(fù)數(shù))

        wooden  adj.木制的

      4. beat   1)v. 擊打   2)心臟等跳動(dòng)  3)打敗;戰(zhàn)勝(后接人或由人組成的隊(duì))

      5. against 1)反對(duì)  for支持   We are against war and for peace.

               2)靠著,倚著      The boy stood against the door.

      6. riseraise

      rise

      增加;提高;增強(qiáng);上升;升起

      不及物動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)常為物

      The river rose after the heavy rain.

      raise

      使升起來(lái);提高;舉起

      及物動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)常為人

      He raised his hands.

      7. realize  v. 1)意識(shí)到;認(rèn)識(shí)到

                  2)實(shí)現(xiàn)(夢(mèng)想、愿望)

        realize one’s dream=make one’s dream come true=achieve one’s dream

      8. make one’s way to......在某人去......的路上,前往......途中

      9. 短語(yǔ):

      at first 起初;起先                              fall asleep進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng);睡著

      die down逐漸變?nèi)?;逐漸消失                  make one’s way前往;費(fèi)力地前進(jìn)

      take down拆除,往下拽;記錄         go off水電斷掉;離開(kāi);爆炸;食物變壞

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