Centos7 源碼編譯安裝Nginx+PHP7+Mariadb+Memcached+Redis服務器

大寶2338 2017-07-25

展開全文

系統(tǒng)信息：

[jason@localhost ~]$ uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 22 16:42:41 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[jason@localhost ~]$
一、準備工作

1.1 安裝或更新gcc gcc-c++

因為我安裝的Centos是絕對純潔滴。啥也沒有。沒轍了。只有先安裝個編譯器了。

[jason@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install gcc gcc-c++ -y

1.2 創(chuàng)建需要使用的目錄

source 是用來存放源碼的文件夾。package是用來存放編譯后的庫文件。lnmp是我們真正需要的東西才放里面。（nginx+mariadb+memcached+php7+redis）

[jason@localhost ~]$ mkdir /source /package /lnmp
mkdir: 無法創(chuàng)建目錄"/lnmp": 權限不夠
[jason@localhost ~]$ ls
package  source
[jason@localhost ~]$ sudo mkdir /lnmp /source /package
[jason@localhost ~]$

二、開始安裝（nginx篇）

2.1 解壓pcre

[官方網(wǎng)站] http://www./

命令流程：

[jason@localhost ~]$ cd /source/
[jason@localhost source]$ ls
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.39.tar.gz
-bash: wget: 未找到命令
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo yum install -y wget
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo tar -zxvf pcre-8.39.tar.gz

說明：不需要編譯，只需要解壓就行。

2.2 解壓zlib

[官方網(wǎng)站] http:///

命令流程：

[jason@localhost source]$ cd /source
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo wget http:///zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz

說明：不需要編譯，只需要解壓就行。

2.3 安裝nginx

[官方網(wǎng)站] http:///

命令流程：

[jason@localhost source]$ pwd
/source
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo wget http:///download/nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo tar -zxvf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
[jason@localhost source]$ cd nginx-1.10.2
[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$ sudo ./configure --prefix=/lnmp/nginx --with-pcre=/source/pcre-8.39 --with-zlib=/source/zlib-1.2.11
[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$ sudo make
[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$ sudo make  install

--with-pcre：用來設置pcre的源碼目錄。
--with-zlib：用來設置zlib的源碼目錄。
因為編譯nginx需要用到這兩個庫的源碼。

小章總結(jié)：

此處告一段落，nginx安裝完成。我們可以先滿足下自己的欲望心。打開nginx服務看看Hello World吧。

啟動nginx

[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$ sudo /lnmp/nginx/sbin/nginx

啟動后可以再瀏覽器中打開頁面，會顯示nginx默認頁面。

不過CentOS7中不再使用iptables，而是默認使用firewalld防火墻，我們通常使用的端口一般都被墻掉了，firewalld中可以通過以下兩個命令查看和開發(fā)端口。

firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp 
//查看80端口是否被墻掉  
firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp
//開放80端口。
[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$ sudo firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp
no
[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$ sudo fiewall-cmd -add-port=80/tcp
sudo：fiewall-cmd：找不到命令
[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$ sudo firewall-cmd -add-port=80/tcp
usage: see firewall-cmd man page
firewall-cmd: error: unrecognized arguments: -add-port=80/tcp
[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp
success
[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$ sudo firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp
yes
[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$

三、開始安裝（php篇）

3.1 安裝libxml2

[官方網(wǎng)站] http:///

命令流程：

[jason@localhost nginx-1.10.2]$ cd /source/
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo wget ftp:///libxml2/libxml2-2.9.4.tar.gz
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo tar -zxvf libxml2-2.9.4.tar.gz
[jason@localhost libxml2-2.9.4]$ sudo ./configure --prefix=/package/libxml2 --with-python=no 
[jason@localhost libxml2-2.9.4]$ sudo make
[jason@localhost libxml2-2.9.4]$ sudo make install

這里--with-python=no是

3.2 安裝php

[官方網(wǎng)站] http:///

命令流程：

[jason@localhost libxml2-2.9.4]$ cd /source/
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo wget http://cn2./distributions/php-7.1.0.tar.gz
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo tar -zxvf php-7.1.0.tar.gz 
[jason@localhost source]$ cd php-7.1.0
[jason@localhost php-7.1.0]$ sudo ./configure --prefix=/lnmp/php7 --with-libxml-dir=/package/libxml2 --with-config-file-path=/lnmp/php7/etc --enable-mbstring --enable-fpm --with-mysqli 
[jason@localhost php-7.1.0]$ sudo make
[jason@localhost php-7.1.0]$ sudo make install

四、開始安裝（mariadb篇）

4.1 安裝cmake

[官方網(wǎng)站] https:///

命令流程：

[jason@localhost php-7.1.0]$ cmake
-bash: cmake: 未找到命令
[jason@localhost php-7.1.0]$ cd ../
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo wget https:///files/v3.7/cmake-3.7.2.tar.gz
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo tar -zxvf cmake-3.7.2.tar.gz 
[jason@localhost source]$ cd cmake-3.7.2
[jason@localhost cmake-3.7.2]$ sudo ./configure --prefix=/package/cmake
[jason@localhost cmake-3.7.2]$ sudo make
[jason@localhost cmake-3.7.2]$ sudo make install
[jason@localhost cmake-3.7.2]$ sudo vim /etc/rc.local 
[jason@localhost cmake-3.7.2]$ export PATH=/package/cmake/bin:$PATH

4.2 安裝ncurses

[官方網(wǎng)站] http://ftp./gnu/ncurses/

命令流程：

[jason@localhost cmake-3.7.2]$ cd ../
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo wget http://ftp./gnu/ncurses/ncurses-6.0.tar.gz
[jason@localhost source]$ sudo tar -zxvf ncurses-6.0.tar.gz 
[jason@localhost source]$ cd ncurses-6.0
[jason@localhost ncurses-6.0]$ sudo ./configure --prefix=/package/ncurese
[jason@localhost ncurses-6.0]$ sudo make
[jason@localhost ncurses-6.0]$ sudo make install

4.3 安裝mariadb

[官方網(wǎng)站] https:///

命令流程：

[jason@localhost ncurses-6.0]$ cd ../
[jason@localhost ncurses-6.0]$ sudo su
[root@localhost source]# wget http://mirrors.tuna./mariadb//mariadb-5.5.54/source/mariadb-5.5.54.tar.gz

[root@localhost source]# tar -zxvf mariadb-5.5.54.tar.gz 

[root@localhost mariadb-5.5.54]# sudo useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost mariadb-5.5.54]# sudo mkdir -p /data/mariadb
[root@localhost mariadb-5.5.54]# sudo chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mariadb
[root@localhost source]# cd mariadb-5.5.54

[root@localhost mariadb-5.5.54]# yum install -y bison ncurses ncurses-devel zlib-devel
[root@localhost mariadb-5.5.54]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/lnmp/mariadb -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mariadb -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DWITH_XTRADB_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=1 -DWITH_SSL=bundled -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled
[root@localhost mariadb-5.5.54]# make &&make install

2. 初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫

[root@localhost mariadb-5.5.54]# cd /lnmp/mariadb/
[root@localhost mariadb]# scripts
scripts
[root@localhost mariadb]# scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mariadb/ --user=mysql

3. 提供腳本

[root@localhost mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mariadb]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld 
[root@localhost mariadb]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mariadb]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@localhost mariadb]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp：是否覆蓋"/etc/my.cnf"？ y
[root@localhost mariadb]# vim /etc/my.cnf

#vim /etc/my.cnf 編輯配置文件[mysqld]段填寫如下內(nèi)容
[mysqld]
datadir = /mydata/data 數(shù)據(jù)目錄
thread_concurrency = 4 設置線程數(shù)=核心數(shù)x2

或者：
thread_concurrency = 2
datadir = /mydata/data
innodb_file_per_table = on
skip_name_resolve = on

4.啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫

service mysqld start
ss -ntl | grep :3306

5.初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫

[root@localhost mariadb]# /lnmp/mariadb/bin/mysql_secure_installation

之后開始初始化

/lnmp/mariadb/bin/mysql_secure_installation:行379: find_mysql_client: 未找到命令

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!
[root@localhost mariadb]#

二、開始配置（nginx篇）

2.1 修改nginx.conf

[root@localhost nginx]# vim conf/nginx.conf
[root@localhost nginx]# pwd
/lnmp/nginx

2.2 找到如下內(nèi)容，并刪除紅色標記的字符

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

2.3 輸出phpinfo文件

echo "<?php echo phpinfo(); ?>" > /lnmp/nginx/html/index.php

2.4 啟動nginx

[root@localhost nginx]# /lnmp/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

小章總結(jié)：

完成上面的修改就可以讓nginx來轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)php的動態(tài)腳本請求。

不過目前還不能打開php文件，因為還沒有打開php-fpm。

我們繼續(xù)向下看。

三、開始配置（php-fpm）

3.1 copy默認配置文件

[root@localhost nginx]# cd /source/php-7.1.0
[root@localhost php-7.1.0]# cp php.ini-development /lnmp/php7/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.1.0]# cd /lnmp/php7/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# cd /lnmp/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf

3.2 運行php-fpm

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /lnmp/php7/sbin/php-fpm -c /lnmp/php7/etc/php.ini

二、常用命令

nginx常用命令

啟動nginx

# /lnmp/nginx/sbin/nginx

重啟nginx

# /lnmp/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

關閉nginx

# /lnmp/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

php-fpm常用命令

啟動php-fpm

# /lnmp/php7/sbin/php-fpm -c /lnmp/php7/etc/php.ini

重啟php-fpm

# kill -SIGUSR2 `cat /lnmp/php7/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

關閉php-fpm

# kill -SIGINT `cat /lnmp/php7/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
信號解釋：
SIGINT, SIGTERM 立刻終止
SIGQUIT 平滑終止
SIGUSR1 重新打開日志文件
SIGUSR2 平滑重載所有worker進程并重新載入配置和二進制模塊

[root@localhost php7]# ll /source/php-7.1.0/sapi/fpm/
config.m4           Makefile.frag       php-fpm.service.in
CREDITS             php-fpm             status.html
fpm/                php-fpm.8           status.html.in
init.d.php-fpm      php-fpm.8.in        tests/
init.d.php-fpm.in   php-fpm.conf        www.conf
.libs/              php-fpm.conf.in     www.conf.in
LICENSE             php-fpm.service     
[root@localhost php7]# cp /source/php-7.1.0/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
cp：是否覆蓋"/etc/init.d/php-fpm"？ y
[root@localhost php7]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
[root@localhost php7]# service php-fpm restart

[root@localhost php7]# killall php-fpm
bash: killall: 未找到命令
[root@localhost php7]# yum install psmisc -y

Centos7 編譯配置Memcached

Memcached 是一個高性能的分布式內(nèi)存對象緩存系統(tǒng)，用于動態(tài)Web應用以減輕數(shù)據(jù)庫負載。它通過在內(nèi)存中緩存數(shù)據(jù)和對象來減少讀取數(shù)據(jù)庫的次數(shù)，從而提高動態(tài)、數(shù)據(jù)庫驅(qū)動網(wǎng)站的速度。

Memcached基于一個存儲鍵/值對的hashmap。其守護進程（daemon ）是用C寫的，但是客戶端可以用任何語言來編寫，并通過memcached協(xié)議與守護進程通信。

當然memcached分為服務端和客戶端。服務端用來存放緩存，客戶端用來操作緩存。

客戶端有兩種常見的實現(xiàn)方式。

第一種是用php代碼根據(jù)服務端的通訊規(guī)則自己寫一個。

第二種是安裝php擴展庫（php-memcached）。

二、memcached（服務端篇）

首先先安裝memcached依賴庫libevent。

2.1 安裝libevent

[官方網(wǎng)站] http:///

命令流程：

[root@localhost source]# cd /source
[root@localhost source]# wget https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.0.22-stable/libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
[root@localhost source]# tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz 
[root@localhost source]# cd libevent-2.0.22-stable
[root@localhost libevent-2.0.22-stable]# ./configure --prefix=/package/libevent
[root@localhost libevent-2.0.22-stable]# make &&make install

2.2 安裝memcached

[官方網(wǎng)站] http:///

命令流程：

[root@localhost source]# wget http:///files/memcached-1.4.34.tar.gz
[root@localhost source]# tar -zxvf memcached-1.4.34.tar.gz 
[root@localhost source]# cd memcached-1.4.34
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.34]# ./configure --prefix=/lnmp/memcached --with-libevent=/package/libevent/
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.34]# make &&make install

本章總結(jié)：

通過以上操作就很簡單的把memcached服務端編譯好了。這時候就可以打開服務端進行工作了。

[root@localhost memcached-1.4.34]# /lnmp/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 64 -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -u root -c 1024 –P /tmp/memcached.pid

啟動參數(shù)說明：
-d　　選項是啟動一個守護進程。
-m　　分配給Memcache使用的內(nèi)存數(shù)量，單位是MB，默認64MB。
-l　　監(jiān)聽的IP地址。（默認：INADDR_ANY，所有地址）
-p　　設置Memcache的TCP監(jiān)聽的端口，最好是1024以上的端口。
-u　　運行Memcache的用戶，如果當前為root的話，需要使用此參數(shù)指定用戶。
-c　　選項是最大運行的并發(fā)連接數(shù)，默認是1024。
-P　　設置保存Memcache的pid文件。

三、memcached（客戶端篇）

php-memcached

這種客戶端比較麻煩了，他是生成php的擴展庫文件memcached.so。

首先先安裝memcached依賴庫zlib、libmemcached。

3.1 安裝libmemcached

[官方網(wǎng)站] http://lib/

命令流程：

[root@localhost source]# wget https:///libmemcached/1.0/1.0.18/+download/libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz
[root@localhost source]# tar -zxvf libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz 
[root@localhost source]# cd libmemcached-1.0.18
[root@localhost libmemcached-1.0.18]# ./configure --prefix=/package/libmemcached
[root@localhost libmemcached-1.0.18]# make &&make install

3.2 安裝zlib

[官方網(wǎng)站] http:///

命令流程：

[root@localhost zlib-1.2.11]# wget http:///zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.11]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.11]# ./configure --prefix=/package/zlib
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.11]# make &&make install

3.3 安裝m4

[官方網(wǎng)站] http://www./software/m4/m4.html

命令流程：

[root@localhost source]# wget http://ftp./gnu/m4/m4-1.4.17.tar.gz
[root@localhost source]# tar -zxvf m4-1.4.17.tar.gz 
[root@localhost source]# cd m4-1.4.17
[root@localhost m4-1.4.17]# ./configure --prefix=/package/m4
[root@localhost m4-1.4.17]# make &&make install
[root@localhost m4-1.4.17]# export PATH=/package/m4/bin:$PATH

3.4 安裝php-memcached

[官方網(wǎng)站] http://pecl./package/memcached

命令流程：

[root@localhost source]# wget https://github.com/php-memcached-dev/php-memcached/archive/php7.zip
[root@localhost source]# unzip
bash: unzip: 未找到命令
[root@localhost source]# yum install -y unzip
[root@localhost source]# unzip php7.zip 
[root@localhost source]# cd php-memcached-php7/
[root@localhost php-memcached-php7]# yum install autoconf -y
[root@localhost php-memcached-php7]# /lnmp/php7/bin/phpize 
[root@localhost php-memcached-php7]# ./configure  --with-php-config=/lnmp/php7/bin/php-config  --with-zlib-dir=/package/zlib  --with-libmemcached-dir=/package/libmemcached  --disable-memcached-sasl

[root@localhost php-memcached-php7]# make &&make install

Installing shared extensions:     /lnmp/php7/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20160303/

Centos7 編譯配置Redis

四安裝redis

[官方網(wǎng)站] https:///download

命令流程：

[root@localhost php7]# pwd
/lnmp/php7
[root@localhost php7]# cd /source/
[root@localhost source]# wget http://download./releases/redis-3.2.6.tar.gz
[root@localhost source]# tar -zxvf redis-3.2.6.tar.gz 
[root@localhost source]# make 
[root@localhost source]# make install
[root@localhost source]# cp -rf redis-3.2.6 /lnmp/redis
[root@localhost source]# /lnmp/redis/src/redis-server &
[1] 106878
設置防火墻(沒開啟防火墻的可以跳過)
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=6379/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload 
[root@localhost source]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=11211/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost source]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=443/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost source]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost source]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

安裝PHP-redis模塊 php7

[root@localhost source]# wget https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis/archive/php7.zip -O php7redis.zip
[root@localhost source]# unzip php7redis.zip 
Archive:  php7redis.zip
[root@localhost phpredis-php7]# phpize
[root@localhost phpredis-php7]# ./configure 
[root@localhost phpredis-php7]# make &&make install
[root@localhost phpredis-php7]# vim /lnmp/php7/etc/php.ini