一. 重要句型

1. be busy doing sth. 2. prefer to do sth.3. regard... as... 4. be pleased with sth./sb.

5. be angry with sb.

III. 交際用語(yǔ)

1. ---How much does… cost …?

2. ---It can cost as little as … Yuan and as much as … Yuan.3. ---It costs ….

4. ---It's worth ….

5. ---I don't agree with ….

6. ---I wasn't sure whether….

7. ---I wonder if ….

8. ---What size …?

9. ---Have you got any other colour / size / kind?

10. ---Have you got anything cheaper?

11. ---How much are they?

12. ---How much does it cost?

13. ---How much is it?

14. ---That's a bit expensive.

15. ---Even though they're a little expensive, I'll take them.

16. ---I'll think about ….

17. ---I don't think I'll take ….

18. ---I like ….

19. ---I don't really like ….

20. ---Can I help you, girl?

21. ---Would you like me to look in the back?

22. ---We can find ….

23. ---Do you like being …?

24. ---Can I ask you some questions?

25. ---Sure.

26. ---It was great.

27. ---Wow!

28. ---Yeah!

29. ---Oh dear!

30. ---Hands up!

31. ---I'll shoot anyone who moves.

32. ---There's no need to thank me.

33. ---Can you remember anything else about him?

34. ---Come down, Polly!

35. ---There is a little traffic accident．

36. ---There's a big traffic jam.

37. ---Well, I'm sure he'll be here before long.

38. ---I'm beginning to get angry with him!

39.---Yes, we can't wait any longer. Let's go without him.

40. ---That's terrible!

41. ---That's a really bad excuse!

IV. 重要語(yǔ)法

1. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 2. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)3. 動(dòng)詞不定式4. 定語(yǔ)從句

二．【名師講解】

1. think/ think/about/ think of

(1) think 單獨(dú)使用時(shí)表示'思考'， 接that 賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)意為'認(rèn)為'，'覺(jué)得'。

I am thinking how to work out the problem.

I think she is a good student.

當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句含有否定概念時(shí)，通常形式上否定think ，但意義上卻是否定賓語(yǔ)從句。

I don't think he can come.

I don't think it will be windy.

(2)think about 可接一個(gè)名詞，動(dòng)詞-ing 形式或由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的不定式或賓語(yǔ)從句，意思是'考慮……'。

I have thought about it for a long time.

Please think about how to tell her the bad news.

(3)think of 表示'認(rèn)為'， 一般用于疑問(wèn)句中，與what 連用。

What do you think of the TV play? = How do you like the TV play?

2. big/ large/ great

上述形容詞都表示'大'，但側(cè)重點(diǎn)及程度不同。

(1) big指具體事物的大小，強(qiáng)調(diào)比正常形體的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大，既可用在普通場(chǎng)合， 也可用在正式場(chǎng)合。它可用來(lái)指人的身材高大或'長(zhǎng)大了'，還可表示'偉大'，'重要'之意。如：

Can you lift up this big stone?

On the last day I made a big decision.

(2) large特別強(qiáng)調(diào)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的大，指體積、面積、容積、數(shù)量之大。如：

A whale is a large animal.

A large crowd collected at the gate of the theatre.

(3) great除了表示數(shù)量體積之大外，又指抽象的程度，意味著偉大性，重要性， 優(yōu)越性；常用于抽象

或無(wú)形的東西；用于有形的東西時(shí)，常帶有'偉大'，'大得令人吃驚'等意思，含有一定的感情色彩。如：

China is a great country with a long history.

He was one of the greatest scientists.

3. cost/ take/ spend/ pay

(1) cost表示'花錢'，花費(fèi)，付出（只能用于錢、精力、生命等；主語(yǔ)必須是物。）

The book cost me five Yuan.

(2) take的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式, 通常用it做形式主語(yǔ)。

It took me five Yuan to buy the book..

(3) spend，在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)句中主語(yǔ)是人

I spent five Yuan on (for) the book.或I spent five Yuan (in) buying the book.

(4) pay的主語(yǔ)是人。

I paid five Yuan for the book.

4. expensive/ high/ cheap/ low

這四個(gè)詞在談?wù)摰絻r(jià)格的高低時(shí)，要注意使用。expensive與high涉及到價(jià)格'高'，而cheap 與low涉及到價(jià)格'低'。

(1) expensive昂貴的，花錢多的。這個(gè)單詞若談到'價(jià)格高，貨貴'時(shí)，其主語(yǔ)不能是價(jià)格，必須是貨物、物品本身。如：

This watch is expensive. 這只表很貴。

These glass-products are not expensive. 這些玻璃制品不是很值錢。

注意：cheap表示'價(jià)廉'，'便宜的'，其主語(yǔ)也不能是價(jià)格，必須是物品本身。如：The cheap table was bought from him. 這張便宜的桌子是他賣給我們的。

This cloth doll is very cheap. 這只布娃娃很便宜。

(2)high在表示價(jià)格時(shí)，含義是'高'，low在表示價(jià)格時(shí)，含義是'低'，這兩個(gè)詞不能用于物品本身，只

能用在價(jià)格上。如：

The price of this watch is very high. 這只表的價(jià)格太高了。

The price of this book is not low for me. 這本書(shū)的價(jià)格對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是不低。

下面我們?cè)嚳磶讉€(gè)句子的正誤對(duì)照：

The price of this computer is expensive.

(宜改為：This computer is expensive. 或The price of this computer is high. )

The price of this pen is not cheap for him to buy.

(宜改為：This pen is not cheap for him to buy. 或 The price of this pen is not low for him. )

5. alone/ lonely

lonely 與alone的意思比較接近，但在使用時(shí)有所區(qū)別：

(1)lonely用作形容詞，意思是'孤單的；寂寞的'?？芍感撵`上的寂寞，也可指偏僻的地點(diǎn)。在句中既可作表語(yǔ)，也可作定語(yǔ)。

(2)alone 可作形容詞和副詞，意思是'單獨(dú)；獨(dú)自'，不指心理上寂寞的感覺(jué)。

She was taken to a lonely island, lived alone, but she never felt lonely.

她被帶到一個(gè)荒島上，自己居住，但她從不感到寂寞。

6. before long/ long before

(1)before long 作'不久以后'講，切不要按字面譯為'長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以前'或'好久以前'。如：We hope to finish our experiment before long. 我們希望不久（以后）就把實(shí)驗(yàn)做完。

(2)long before 作'很久以前'講。原意為'……以前很久'，故也可譯為'老早'。long before 跟before long

不同，前者在其后面可以接名詞或一個(gè)從句；當(dāng)上下文明確時(shí)，名詞或從句還可以省略。Before long 則沒(méi)有上述搭配用法。

They began the test yesterday, but we had made experiment long before.

我們昨天開(kāi)始做實(shí)驗(yàn)，但我們?cè)谀且郧昂芫镁鸵呀?jīng)做準(zhǔn)備了。

7. as/ when/ while

(1)as 是連詞，意思是'當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，一面……一面'，（強(qiáng)調(diào)同時(shí)，一般連續(xù)時(shí)間不長(zhǎng)），如：

As we were talking about Titanic, our teacher came in.

正當(dāng)我們談?wù)?泰坦尼克號(hào)'這部電影時(shí)，教師進(jìn)來(lái)了。

The students sing as they go along. 學(xué)生們邊走邊唱。

(2)When和as一樣都是連詞，注意它們的不同。如when'當(dāng)……的時(shí)候'（一般表示動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生）；

'那時(shí)'（等立連詞，前有逗號(hào)分開(kāi)）

I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain. 我一直呆到太陽(yáng)下山，那時(shí)天開(kāi)始下雨了。

(3)while是'當(dāng)……時(shí)候；和……同時(shí)'（強(qiáng)調(diào)同時(shí)發(fā)生，一般連續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)）

While I was watching TV, he was reading. 當(dāng)我在看電視的時(shí)候，他正在看書(shū)。

While there is life, there is hope. 有生命就有希望。

8. beat/win/ hit

(1)beat 是動(dòng)詞，意思是'連續(xù)地打; 打敗; 敲打'。beat后可接人或隊(duì)名。意思是'擊敗對(duì)手。'如：I can beat you at swimming.

(2)win意思是'贏得某個(gè)項(xiàng)目'，后面常接'match, game'。如：

He won a game. 他勝一局。

We won a match. 我們比賽得勝。

(3)hit意思是'擊中'（有時(shí)可表示'打一下'）。如：

The mother hit her child out of anger. 媽媽生氣，打了她孩子一下。

9. keep doing/keep on doing

(1)keep doing側(cè)重表示'持續(xù)不停地做某事'或'持續(xù)某種狀態(tài)'。如：

The girl kept crying all the time. 那個(gè)女孩一直在哭。

The baby kept sleeping about four hours. 這個(gè)嬰兒連續(xù)睡了大約四個(gè)小時(shí)。

(2)keep on doing 表示'總不斷做某事'，不表示靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)。不能與sitting, sleeping, lying, standing這類

詞連用。如：It kept on raining for seven days.

Don't keep on asking such silly questions.

10. get/ turn/ become

這三個(gè)詞都可作系動(dòng)詞用，表示狀態(tài)的變化，后跟表語(yǔ)，但三個(gè)詞的用法稍有不同。get強(qiáng)調(diào)情感、氣候和環(huán)境的變化；turn強(qiáng)調(diào)色彩的變化；而become則強(qiáng)調(diào)職務(wù)、職稱等的變化。如：

The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter．冬天的白天越來(lái)越短。

She couldn't answer the question and her face turned red．她回答不出問(wèn)題，臉紅了。

When did you become a teacher? - Ten years ago.你什么時(shí)候當(dāng)?shù)睦蠋?？十年前?/p>

11. steal / rob

從意思上講steal表示偷竊的意思。而rob表示搶劫的意思；從搭配上來(lái)講，steal sth from sb/sth ;而rob則用rob sb/sth of sth; 例如：

He stole money from the rich to give it to the poor.

They robbed the bank of one million dollars.

12. see/look/watch/notice

在英語(yǔ)中，see，look，watch，notice都有'看'的意思，要注意他們的區(qū)別。

see意為'看到'，表示視覺(jué)器官有意識(shí)或無(wú)意識(shí)地看到物體，強(qiáng)調(diào)'看到'的結(jié)果。

look意為'看'，表示有意識(shí)地觀看，強(qiáng)調(diào)'看'的動(dòng)作。

watch意為'觀看，注視'，指以較大的注意力觀看。

notice意為'看到，注意到'，指有意識(shí)的注意，含有從不注意到注意的變化的意義。例如：

What can you see in the picture？在圖畫(huà)中你能看到什么？

Look! How happily they are playing！看！他們玩得多高興??！

He's watched TV for over two hours．他看了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)的電視。

He noticed a purse lying on the road．他注意到地上有個(gè)錢包。

13. Shoot/ shoot at

shoot是及物動(dòng)詞，意思是'射中，射死'，賓語(yǔ)多為人或動(dòng)物等。而shoot at是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞詞組，意為'向……射擊'，至于射中或射死與否不得而知。如：

The man shot five birds in the forest．那個(gè)人在森林里射死（中）了五只鳥(niǎo)。

The hunter shot at the bear．獵人朝熊射擊了。

They shot at the she－wolf， but didn't shoot her．他們向那只母狼射擊，但是沒(méi)有射中／死。

14. escape/ run away

(1)escape作'逃跑'、'逃脫'或'逃避'講時(shí)，往往會(huì)有成功之意。如：

The old man escaped death．那個(gè)老人死里逃生。

The thief escaped from prison．那個(gè)小偷越獄了。

(2)run away作'逃跑'、'跑走'講時(shí)，往往強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。如：

Don't let him run away． 別讓他跑了。

口語(yǔ)中escape和run away可以互用。

15. so that..../ so... that....

(1) so that....為了，以便 。引導(dǎo)一個(gè)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中往往有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。如：

I left at 5:00 so that I could catch the early bus.

Speak loudly, so that they can hear what you say.

He didn't study English so that he lost a chance to work in a foreign company.

(2) so... that....既可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。

如：The classroom was so noisy that I could hardly study.

I got up so early in the morning that I could catch the train.

三．【考點(diǎn)掃描】

中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在：

1. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)； 2. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)；

3. 動(dòng)詞不定式； 4. 定語(yǔ)從句；

5. 本單元學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型； 6. 本單元學(xué)過(guò)的交際用語(yǔ)。

考試形式可以是單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。

【中考范例】

1. He wanted to know ______________.

A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start

B. what he's going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held

【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)橹骶涞臅r(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以從句應(yīng)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，這就排除了A和B。賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該是陳述句的語(yǔ)序，所以只有B是對(duì)的。

2. ---Why didn't you go to the movie yesterday?

---Because I ___________ it before.

A. had watched B. have seen C. have watched D. had seen

【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是動(dòng)詞的搭配以及現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別。看電影習(xí)慣商用see a movie, 又因?yàn)檎f(shuō)的昨天以前發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。只有D正確。

3. ---Did you win the football game?

---Bad luck. Our team __________ in the final one.

A. won B. beat C. was won D. was beaten

【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是動(dòng)詞搭配和動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞win通常和比賽一類的詞連用，不與人或隊(duì)連用，因此可以排除A和C。beat是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，既然我們的運(yùn)氣不好，就是輸了，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

4. ---Who is the man ________ was talking to our English teacher?

---Oh! It's Mr. Baker, our maths teacher.

A. he B. that C. whom D. which

【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞的選擇。由于先行詞是人，可以排除A和D。而該詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，只有B合適。