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      葉酸攝入量與乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)前瞻薈萃

       SIBCS 2020-08-27

        關(guān)于葉酸乳腺癌發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)性,既往流行病學(xué)回顧研究報(bào)告的結(jié)果不一。

        2019年1月15日,英國(guó)《自然》旗下《歐洲臨床營(yíng)養(yǎng)雜志》在線發(fā)表中國(guó)重慶西南大學(xué)食品科學(xué)學(xué)院、山東濟(jì)寧泗水人民醫(yī)院的研究報(bào)告,對(duì)目前已發(fā)表的葉酸攝入量與乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)前瞻研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行了薈萃分析。

        該研究利用PubMed和EMBASE數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)已發(fā)表文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)檢索,共納入23項(xiàng)前瞻研究,對(duì)其中4萬(wàn)1516例患者117萬(wàn)1048例個(gè)體進(jìn)行薈萃分析。

        結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),葉酸攝入較多與較少相比:

      • 絕經(jīng)前乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低6%(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.94,95%置信區(qū)間:0.88~1.00)

      • 絕經(jīng)后乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相似(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.96,95%置信區(qū)間:0.90~1.01)

      • 雌激素受體陽(yáng)性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相似(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:1.01,95%置信區(qū)間:0.86~1.17)

      • 雌激素受體陰性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低12%(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.88,95%置信區(qū)間:0.78~1.00)

      • 孕激素受體陽(yáng)性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相似(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:1.01,95%置信區(qū)間:0.92~1.11)

      • 孕激素受體陰性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相似(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.93,95%置信區(qū)間:0.83~1.05)

      • 雙激素受體陽(yáng)性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相似(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:1.01,95%置信區(qū)間:0.91~1.11)

      • 雙激素受體陰性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低18%(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.82,95%置信區(qū)間:0.68~0.97)

      • HER2陽(yáng)性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相似(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.95,95%置信區(qū)間:0.69~1.31)

      • HER2陰性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相似(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.97,95%置信區(qū)間:0.82~1.15)

        葉酸攝入量每增加100μg/g:

      • 雌激素受體陰性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低6%(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.94,95%置信區(qū)間:0.88~0.99)

      • 雙激素受體陰性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低10%(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.90,95%置信區(qū)間:0.85~0.97)

        此外,葉酸攝入較多與較少相比:

      • 酒精攝入較少女性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相似(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.97,95%置信區(qū)間:0.92~1.03)

      • 酒精攝入中等女性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低9%(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.91,95%置信區(qū)間:0.84~0.98)

      • 酒精攝入較多女性乳腺癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低18%(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比:0.82,95%置信區(qū)間:0.72~0.94)

        因此,根據(jù)該研究結(jié)果表明,葉酸攝入較多,可能減少絕經(jīng)前乳腺癌、雌激素受體陰性乳腺癌、雙激素受體陰性乳腺癌、酒精攝入較多女性乳腺癌的發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

      Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019 Jan 15. [Epub ahead of print]

      Folate intake and the risk of breast cancer: an up-to-date meta-analysis of prospective studies.

      Jie Zeng, Kun Wang, Fayin Ye, Lin Lei, Yun Zhou, Jia Chen, Guohua Zhao, Hui Chang.

      College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; People's Hospital of Sishui County, Jining, Shandong, China.

      Epidemiological studies focusing on the association between folate and breast cancer risk reported inconsistent findings. We conducted a systematic search of the literature using PubMed and EMBASE databases. A total of 23 prospective studies involving 41,516 cases and 1,171,048 individuals were included for meta-analysis. Folate intake may decrease the risk of oestrogen receptor (ER) negative (-) and ER-/progesterone receptor (PR)- breast cancer, with pooled risk ratios (RRs) of 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78-1.00] and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.68-0.97), respectively. An increment of folate intake of 100 μg per day was associated with a deceased risk of ER- (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.88-0.99) and ER-/PR- (RR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85-0.97) breast cancer. Moreover, high folate intake may have preventive effects against breast cancer in premenopausal women (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.88-1.00) and individuals with moderate or high levels of alcohol consumption (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72-0.94).

      DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0394-0

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