侵華日軍南京大屠殺遇難同胞紀(jì)念館三期擴(kuò)容工程建設(shè)為了紀(jì)念侵華日軍1945年9月9日在南京投降事件，凸顯抗戰(zhàn)勝利的主題。構(gòu)思立意為勝利、圓滿(mǎn)的情感表達(dá)。 The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders, Phase III was to commemorate the surrender of Japanese troops in Nanjing on September 9, 1945, and highlight the theme-the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. The idea is to express the feelings of victory and fulfillment. ▼全景鳥(niǎo)瞰圖，aerial view
延續(xù)與個(gè)性 紀(jì)念是一個(gè)城市記憶的延續(xù)?！皵嗟丁⒓o(jì)念廣場(chǎng)、死亡之庭、祭祀院落、和平公園”。塑造了江東門(mén)紀(jì)念館完整的敘事篇章，是南京重要的城市記憶。三期新館作為紀(jì)念館的擴(kuò)建工程，不僅補(bǔ)充城市功能、延伸參觀(guān)流線(xiàn)、凸顯不同主題的情感氛圍，更是延續(xù)了城市紀(jì)念。新建部分著重?cái)⑹隹箲?zhàn)的艱苦歷程、表現(xiàn)勝利的喜悅，傳遞人類(lèi)對(duì)和平圓滿(mǎn)的愿景。 Commemoration is a continuation of a city’s memory. The spatial sequence consisted by the Broken-knife, the Memorial Square, the Death Chamber, the Sacrificial Courtyard and the Peace Park, which open a complete narrative chapter of the Jiangdong Gate memorial. It is an important urban memory of Nanjing. The Phase III as the expansion project of the Jiangdong Gate memorial, which not only supplement urban functions, extend visitors circulation, highlight emotional atmosphere of different themes, but also extend the city memory. The expansion section focuses on the arduous journey of the Anti-Japanese War, the joy of victory, and vision of mankind’s peaceful fulfillment. ▼勝利之墻航拍，aerial of the wall of victory
和而不同是方案的定位，建筑的整體形態(tài)與二期融為一體，也以更加開(kāi)放包容的姿態(tài)、親切自然的方式融入城市生活。覆土地景式的建筑形態(tài)削弱對(duì)周邊城市建筑和空間的壓迫感，柔和的建筑曲線(xiàn)與綠色的樹(shù)木草地相得益彰、寧?kù)o平和。新館立面延續(xù)灰色色調(diào)，面對(duì)城市空間排列著清水混凝土柱，亦展現(xiàn)了新館的紀(jì)念性特征。 The position of the scheme is harmony without uniformity. The form of the Phase III is integrated with the second phase, and it is integrated into the urban life in a more open, inclusive, friendly and natural way. The earth-sheltered architecture reduces the pressure against the surrounding urban architecture and space, and the curvilinear architectural form is softly harmony with the green trees and grass. The facade of the new pavilion continues to be gray, with these fair-bare concrete columns in the face of the urban space, which show the memorial features of the new pavilion. ▼灰色調(diào)的新館立面，the facade of the new pavilion continues to be gray
生態(tài)綠色紀(jì)念性建筑 擴(kuò)容工程處處體現(xiàn)綠色設(shè)計(jì)理念，通過(guò)綠色植物屋面、太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電、中水回收利用、透水混凝土選材、下沉庭院及天井、熱風(fēng)壓拔風(fēng)效應(yīng)等多個(gè)生態(tài)低碳措施，創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)既滿(mǎn)足空間藝術(shù)氣氛又能夠體現(xiàn)可持續(xù)理念的生態(tài)綠色紀(jì)念性建筑。 The expansion projects reflect ecological and sustainable concept in multi aspects, via the green roof, solar photovoltaic, gray water recycle, permeable concrete, sunken garden and patio, chimney effects, and many other low-carbon measures, creating a ecological and sustainable architectural monument which possesses both architectural atmosphere and sustainable concept. ▼體現(xiàn)綠色設(shè)計(jì)理念，reflect ecological and sustainable concept
紀(jì)念與日常 場(chǎng)地中心是橢圓形的紀(jì)念廣場(chǎng)，寓意著中國(guó)抗戰(zhàn)勝利和“圓滿(mǎn)”的愿景。整個(gè)建筑物呈現(xiàn)謙遜柔和的空間形態(tài)，是一個(gè)融于城市生活的綠色公園。其中，一條“勝利道路”穿行其中，象征抗戰(zhàn)勝利的艱難歷程。紀(jì)念廣場(chǎng)的四周地形微微隆起，形成半圍合的空間，結(jié)合綠樹(shù)設(shè)置屏蔽了部分城市干擾，保證廣場(chǎng)的安靜與私密，也為公眾提供了一處親切的放松游憩場(chǎng)地。人們?cè)趦?nèi)可以休憩、奔跑、漫步、交流，怡然自得。 The center of the site is an oval memorial square, which symbolizes the victory of China’s Anti-Japanese War and the vision of “completeness”. The whole building presents a modest and downy form, being a green park that is integrated into urban life. Among them is a “victory road”, symbolizing the struggle for victory. The land around the memorial square is slightly uplifting, forming semi-enclosed space, blocking parts of the city combining with green trees, to ensure that the square is quiet and private, which also provides the public with a recreation place. People can rest, run, walk, wander, talk and enjoy themselves. ▼場(chǎng)地中心是橢圓形的紀(jì)念廣場(chǎng)，the center of the site is an oval memorial square
當(dāng)需要舉辦大型紀(jì)念活動(dòng)時(shí)，整個(gè)橢圓形廣場(chǎng)亦可容納8000人集會(huì)。廣場(chǎng)的北面設(shè)有小型講演臺(tái)，供集會(huì)活動(dòng)時(shí)候使用。廣場(chǎng)三面的抬起斜坡場(chǎng)地，使廣場(chǎng)更加具有向心感和聚合性，抬高的坡地下面容納著商業(yè)和展覽空間。在廣場(chǎng)與坡地交界區(qū)域組織著廣場(chǎng)主要交通流線(xiàn)，設(shè)計(jì)了獨(dú)特的紀(jì)念景觀(guān)要素。300位抗戰(zhàn)英烈的名字鐫刻于拋光黑色大理石之上，佇立于游人漫步的廣場(chǎng)一側(cè)。廣場(chǎng)西南側(cè)是與城市對(duì)接的重要出入口，設(shè)置了下沉廣場(chǎng)使紀(jì)念廣場(chǎng)與城市道路保持了一定的距離感。拱橋的巧妙連接則使得紀(jì)念廣場(chǎng)的空間具有指向性和聚合性。 The entire oval square enable accommodate 8,000 people when grand commemorative events are needed. In the north of the square, there is a small podium for the rally. The three sides of the square raise the sloping land, making the square more centripetal and cohesive, elevation of the sloping land accommodate the commercial and exhibition space. The main traffic circulation of the square is organized in the border of the square and the slope, where the unique elements of the memorial landscape are designed. The name of 300 anti-war heroes is engraved on the polished black marble and stands on the side of the square where visitors wander. The southwest of the square is an important entrance to the city, the sunken square is to make the memorial square keep a certain distance with the city road. The elaborate connection of the arch bridge makes the memorial square more direct and cohesive in space. ▼各種活動(dòng)，activities
復(fù)合與開(kāi)放 新館是一個(gè)功能復(fù)合開(kāi)放的綜合體，除了勝利紀(jì)念廣場(chǎng)、綠化公園外，還容納了世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中國(guó)戰(zhàn)區(qū)勝利紀(jì)念館、大巴車(chē)站、社會(huì)汽車(chē)庫(kù)、自行車(chē)庫(kù)、商業(yè)配套、辦公等功能設(shè)施。場(chǎng)地西側(cè)北側(cè)通過(guò)設(shè)置下沉庭院及坡道與地鐵、隧道、周邊城市空間對(duì)接與聯(lián)系。整體性對(duì)周邊城市交通進(jìn)行梳理與更新，有效的完善和補(bǔ)充了紀(jì)念館的參觀(guān)流線(xiàn)與交通組織，能夠?yàn)槌鞘刑峁┮粋€(gè)方便可達(dá)、開(kāi)放復(fù)合的城市空間節(jié)點(diǎn)。開(kāi)放式的設(shè)計(jì)是新館的一個(gè)重要特點(diǎn)，當(dāng)紀(jì)念館及新館閉館后，其他功能仍然可以繼續(xù)提供社會(huì)服務(wù)。通過(guò)燈光照明的設(shè)計(jì)，使廣場(chǎng)在日夜都形成不同的景色，成為一個(gè)公共開(kāi)放的日夜公園。 New museum is a complex of a functional composition and opening, except the victory memorial square, green park, also contains the world’s anti-fascism war memorial hall, bus station, community garage, bicycle garage, commercial supporting facilities, office, etc. The north and west of the site is connected with the subway, tunnel and surrounding urban space by setting the sink courtyard and ramp, which comb and update of the surrounding urban traffic in general, effectively improve and supplement the museum visiting circulation and traffic organization, to provide a convenient, open and composite space node for city. Open and accessible are important features of the new museum. When the memorial hall and new museum are closed, other functions can continue to provide social services. Through the design of the lighting, the square has a different view at day and night, becoming a public day- night park. ▼設(shè)計(jì)理念及與城市生活的融合，the design concept and the interaction with the city life
空間與材質(zhì) 和平與圓滿(mǎn)愿景，謙遜柔和的形態(tài)是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目最重要的表達(dá)。柔和自然的曲線(xiàn)，綠色開(kāi)闊的草地使環(huán)境安靜、輕松，在表達(dá)紀(jì)念性的同時(shí)，也為公眾提供了一處親切與放松的游憩場(chǎng)地。 Peace and fulfillment, the humble and soft form is the most important expression of the project. The gentle natural curve, green and open grassland makes the environment quiet and relaxed, while expressing commemoration, it also provides a friendly and relaxing recreation place for the public. ▼柔和的建筑曲線(xiàn)，the soft form of the architecture
在柔和的綠色的襯托下，暗紅色的弧形勝利之墻分外醒目。勝利之墻材質(zhì)采用了能夠凸顯歷史感與滄桑感的暗紅色銹蝕鋼板。勝利之墻由負(fù)一層延伸出來(lái)，墻面為三維曲面，通過(guò)鋼板的分割與嵌入燈槽形成表面肌理，象征著中華民族“浴火重生”的歷史記憶，并成為開(kāi)闊綠色廣場(chǎng)日夜的主要景觀(guān)。勝利之墻的最高點(diǎn)是勝利火炬，火炬在重大活動(dòng)的時(shí)候會(huì)點(diǎn)燃熊熊烈火。 In the soft green foil, the dark red arc victory wall is even visible. The wall of victory is made of dark red rust plate that can highlight the sense of history and vicissitudes. The wall of victory is extended by negative one layer, the wall is three-dimensional surface, and the surface texture is formed through the separation of steel plate and the embedded lamp groove, it symbolize the historical memory “Born of Fire” of Chinese nation, and becomes the main landscape of green square. The highest point of the wall of victory is the victory torch, which will ignite when it is in events. ▼暗紅色銹蝕鋼板的勝利之墻突顯歷史滄桑感，the wall of victory is made of dark red rust plate that can highlight the sense of history and vicissitudes
▼二三期過(guò)渡聯(lián)系，the transition of Phase III and II
勝利之墻后面的坡道是勝利之路，緩緩上升，通過(guò)曲面屋檐及坡道的寬窄變化形成峽谷式的空間效果，走到坡道的頂端為巨大懸挑的平臺(tái)，豁然開(kāi)朗。在這里人們能夠俯瞰勝利廣場(chǎng)，象征著勝利之路由“黑暗走向光明”。由勝利之路進(jìn)入紀(jì)念館，室內(nèi)一個(gè)核心的空間也是貫穿各層的橢圓型的圓臺(tái)體量，是紀(jì)念館的序廳，主要的上下聯(lián)系流線(xiàn)圍繞著這個(gè)體量周?chē)归_(kāi)。圓臺(tái)體量頂上一圈橢圓型的天窗，撒下柔和自然光線(xiàn)，增加了館內(nèi)靜謐的氣氛。 The ramp of the back victory wall is the road to victory, slowly rise, forming the valley-spatial-experience through curved roof and width-changed ramp, when going to the top of the ramp, is a large cantilever platform, the space suddenly enlightened. Here people can overlook the victory square, symbolizing the “route of victory” from darkness to light. Entering into the memorial hall by the “route of victory”, an elliptic cone volume pass through all the floors as the core of the interior space, acting as the preface hall of the memorial museum. The volume provides the contacts between up and down. The soft natural light pass through the elliptical skylights on the top of the volume, create a quiet atmosphere in the memorial hall. ▼緩緩上升的勝利之路，the road to victory slowly rise
▼進(jìn)入序廳，enter the preface hall
▼出口，exit
新館沿街立面均采用一次性澆筑的清水混凝土材質(zhì)，質(zhì)樸厚重的清水混凝土既能夠凸顯建筑的紀(jì)念性特征，又符合安靜平和的建筑氣質(zhì)。外立面一列列混凝土柱陣將陽(yáng)光切割成條條光影，形成無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的韻律感。柱廊下面鋪設(shè)灰色碎石，自然形成了與城市的緩沖，也加強(qiáng)了建筑的紀(jì)念性與場(chǎng)所感。 The facade of the new pavilion is made of a single cast of fair-bare concrete, plain and thick fair-bare concrete can not only highlight the architectural commemorative features, but also accord with the quiet and peaceful architectural atmosphere. The concrete columns in the outer facade cut the sunlight into strips and form an endless rhythm. Beneath the colonnade is the grey rubble floor, which naturally formed a buffer against the city, and reinforced the architectural memory and the sense of place. ▼新館立面均采用一次性澆筑清水混凝土，the facade of the new pavilion is made of a single cast of fair-bare concrete
▼外立面混凝土柱陣形成無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的韻律感，the concrete columns in the outer facade form an endless rhythm.
▼柱廊下面鋪設(shè)灰色碎石形成了與城市的緩沖，the colonnade is the grey rubble floor that naturally formed a buffer against the city
結(jié)語(yǔ) 三期擴(kuò)容工程是侵華日軍南京大屠殺遇難同胞紀(jì)念館擴(kuò)建工程的一個(gè)補(bǔ)充和延續(xù)，兼具開(kāi)放性與公共性，日常性與紀(jì)念性。這里是一個(gè)容納歷史記憶與當(dāng)前生活、勝利喜悅與死亡悲痛的場(chǎng)所，人們可以在這里紀(jì)念、休息、放松、漫步、玩耍。我們希望通過(guò)一方公園、一個(gè)廣場(chǎng)、一條道路的設(shè)計(jì)帶給南京城市、南京市民喜歡的城市公共空間。 The Phase III expansion project is a complement and continuation of The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders. It has the characteristics of openness and publicity, the nature and the commemoration. Here is a place to accommodate historical memories and current lives, victory joy and death grieve, where people can remember, rest, relax, walk and play. We hope that the project will be accepted and loved by the city and its residents. ▼夜色中的紀(jì)念館，architecture in the dark
▼總平面圖，master plan
▼一層平面圖，the first floor plan
▼屋頂平面圖，roof plan
▼地下平面圖，basement floor
▼剖面圖，section
▼勝利之墻軸測(cè)圖，axon of victory wall
▼銹蝕鋼板燈槽大樣，corroded steel pate detail
▼墻身大樣，wall detail
▼勝利之墻大樣，detail of victory wall
項(xiàng)目信息 Project information Chinese & English text: Architectural Design & Research Institute of South China University of Technology More: Architectural Design & Research Institute of SCUT 更多關(guān)于他們： Architectural Design & Research Institute of SCUT on gooood |
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來(lái)自： 哀而有鑒的Zzz > 《歷史紀(jì)念性建筑》
