SSM框架整合（IntelliJ IDEA + maven + Spring + SpringMVC + MyBatis）

春和秋榮 2019-05-13

展開全文

本篇文章主要內容是介紹如何使用IntelliJ IDEA創(chuàng)建Spring + SpringMVC + MyBatis項目，下面會給出項目搭建的詳細步驟以及相關的配置文件。

1. 創(chuàng)建maven項目

1.1 File -> New Module，進入創(chuàng)建項目窗口。

1.2 點擊Next，填寫GroupId、ArtifactId和Version

1.3 接著下一步，這里需要注在Properties中添加一個參數(shù) archetypeCatalog=internal，不加這個參數(shù)，在maven生成骨架的時候將會非常慢，有時候直接卡住。來自網(wǎng)上的解釋：

archetypeCatalog表示插件使用的archetype元數(shù)據(jù)，不加這個參數(shù)時默認為remote，local，即中央倉庫archetype元數(shù)據(jù)，由于中央

倉庫的archetype太多了所以導致很慢，指定internal來表示僅使用內部元數(shù)據(jù)。

1.4 填寫Module name

1.5 生成maven的項目骨架之后，我們還需要手動在 src/main 下創(chuàng)建 java目錄?，F(xiàn)在可以直接編寫了，我把項目所需要的文件都編寫完成之后，項目的工程結構如圖。

到此為止，項目的框架基本搭建完成，下面重點說一下項目的配置文件

2. 項目配置文件

2.1 這里使用maven來引入項目所需要的jar包，所以也就不需要手動來管理jar包了。

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven./POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven./POM/4.0.0 http://maven./maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.heitian.web</groupId>
  <artifactId>web-ssm</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>web-ssm Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.</url>
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    <!-- spring版本號 -->
    <spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <!-- mybatis版本號 -->
    <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
    <!-- mysql驅動版本號 -->
    <mysql-driver.version>5.1.29</mysql-driver.version>
    <!-- log4j日志包版本號 -->
    <slf4j.version>1.7.18</slf4j.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
  </properties>
  <dependencies>
    <!-- 添加jstl依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax</groupId>
      <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
      <version>7.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 添加junit4依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <!-- 指定范圍，在測試時才會加載 -->
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 添加spring核心依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 添加mybatis依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 添加mybatis/spring整合包依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 添加mysql驅動依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>${mysql-driver.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 添加數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 添加fastjson -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.41</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 添加日志相關jar包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>${log4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- log end -->
    <!-- 映入JSON -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
      <version>1.9.13</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https:///artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https:///artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
      <version>1.9</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>web-ssm</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

2.2 新建jdbc.properties文件

jdbc.properties

driverClasss=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
username=root
password=root
#定義初始連接數(shù)
initialSize=0
#定義最大連接數(shù)
maxActive=20
#定義最大空閑
maxIdle=20
#定義最小空閑
minIdle=1
#定義最長等待時間
maxWait=60000

2.3 新建log4j 配置文件

log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
#控制臺日志
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%t][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%C] - %m%n
#普通文件日志
log4j.appender.File=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.File.File=logs/ssm.log
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize=10MB
#輸出日志，如果換成DEBUG表示輸出DEBUG以上級別日志
log4j.appender.File.Threshold=ALL
log4j.appender.File.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%t][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%C] - %m%n

2.4 新建springmvc配置文件

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www./schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www./schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www./schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www./schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www./schema/beans
                        http://www./schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
                        http://www./schema/context
                        http://www./schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
                        http://www./schema/mvc
                        http://www./schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
    <!-- 自動掃描  @Controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.heitian.ssm.controller"/>
    <!--避免IE執(zhí)行AJAX時，返回JSON出現(xiàn)下載文件 -->
    <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
          class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
            <list>
                <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 啟動SpringMVC的注解功能，完成請求和注解POJO的映射 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters">
            <list>
                <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/> <!-- JSON轉換器 -->
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 定義跳轉的文件的前后綴 ，視圖模式配置 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 文件上傳配置 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!-- 默認編碼 -->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
        <!-- 上傳文件大小限制為31M，31*1024*1024 -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="32505856"/>
        <!-- 內存中的最大值 -->
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="4096"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

2.5 新建spring和mybatis整合所需的配置文件

spring-mybatis.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www./schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www./schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www./schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www./schema/beans
                        http://www./schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
                        http://www./schema/context
                        http://www./schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
                        http://www./schema/tx
                        http://www./schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!-- 自動掃描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.heitian.ssm"/>
    <!-- 第一種方式：加載一個properties文件 -->
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 第二種方式：加載多個properties文件
    <bean id="configProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
        <property name="locations">
            <list>
                <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
                <value>classpath:common.properties</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="fileEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="properties" ref="configProperties"/>
    </bean>
    -->
    <!-- 配置數(shù)據(jù)源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
          destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClasss}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbcUrl}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
        <!-- 初始化連接大小 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
        <!-- 連接池最大數(shù)量 -->
        <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
        <!-- 連接池最大空閑 -->
        <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
        <!-- 連接池最小空閑 -->
        <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
        <!-- 獲取連接最大等待時間 -->
        <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- mybatis和spring完美整合，不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 自動掃描mapping.xml文件 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapping/*.xml"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- DAO接口所在包名，Spring會自動查找其下的類 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.heitian.ssm.dao"/>
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- (事務管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- (事務管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

2.6 web.xml配置文件

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java./xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www./2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java./xml/ns/javaee
		  http://java./xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
    <display-name>web-ssm</display-name>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!-- 編碼過濾器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <!-- spring監(jiān)聽器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- 防止spring內存溢出監(jiān)聽器，比如quartz -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- spring mvc servlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <!-- 此處也可以配置成 *.do 形式 -->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
    <!-- session配置 -->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

3. 項目配置和部署

3.1 File -> Project Structure，進入創(chuàng)建項目配置窗口。

3.2 創(chuàng)建一個Tomcat容器實例，并把項目部署進去

3.3 項目所需配置好項目訪問的根路徑，然后啟動Tomcat。

3.4 在瀏覽器地址欄中輸入：http://localhost:8080/web-ssm/user/showUser

3.5 項目所需看到圖中顯示效果，則表示項目搭建成功。

4. 值得注意的地方

搭建好項目的框架之后，啟動Tomcat，如果訪問 http://localhost:8080/user/showUser 出現(xiàn)如下錯誤：

出現(xiàn)這個錯誤是因為少了依賴的jar包，只要在pom文件中添加如下依賴即可。

<!-- https:///artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https:///artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.0</version>
    </dependency>