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Altium Designer畫的逆變控制板與逆變直流升壓電路原理圖和PCB圖如下：(51hei附件中可下載工程文件)  
 
逆變電源設計概要
大家知道， 市電或其他的交流電可以通過二極管或可控硅的單向導電性整流成直流電供給需要使用直流電的場合。這種把交流電變換成直流電的過程我們叫做整流，也叫做順變。那么逆變呢？我們自然地就會想到，應該就是把直流電變換成交流電的過程。逆變電源就是相對于整流器而言通過半導體功率開關器件的開通和關斷把直流電變換成交流電的這么一個裝置。 逆變電源也叫做逆變器， 下面分單元地講一下逆變器主要的單元電路。 主要內容為：
一．電池輸入電路
二．輔助電源電路
1. 12V 電池輸入的輔助電源電路
2. 24V-48V電池輸入的輔助電源電路
3. 多路隔離輔助電源電路
三．高頻逆變器前級電路的設計
1. 閉環(huán)前級變壓器匝數(shù)比的設計
2. 準開環(huán)前級變壓器匝數(shù)比的設計
四．高頻逆變器后級電路的設計
1. 米勒電容對高壓 MOS 管安全的影響及其解決辦法
2. IR2110應用中需要注意的問題
3. 正弦波逆變器 LC 濾波器的參數(shù)
五．逆變器的部分保護電路
1. 防反接保護電路
2. 電池欠壓保護
3. 逆變器的過流短路保護電路的設計
4. IGBT 的驅動和短路保護
stm32單片機逆變器控制軟件源程序如下:
/****************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2010 ,
* All rights reserved.
*
*
*文件名稱：
*文件標示：
*摘要 ：
*當前版本：v1.0
*****************************************************************/
#include "includes.h"
#include "math.h"
__align(8) static OS_STK TaskStartStk[500];
__align(8) static OS_STK TaskLedStk[500];
#define START_PRIO 1u
#define LED_PRIO 5u
OS_EVENT * spk;
OS_EVENT * lcd;
OS_EVENT * time_10;
static void TaskStart( void *parg);
static void TaskLed(void *parg);
void MenusTask( void *parg);
int main()
{
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_0);
OSInit();
spk=OSSemCreate( 1 );
lcd=OSSemCreate( 1 );
time_10=OSSemCreate( 1 );
OSTaskCreateExt( TaskStart,
(void *)0,
&TaskStartStk[500-1],
START_PRIO,
START_PRIO,
TaskStartStk,
500,
( void *)0,
OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CHK+OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CLR);
OSStart();
return 0;
}
#include "math.h"
static float x_est_last1 = 0;
static float P_last1 = 0;
/*/the noise in the system */
static float Q1 = 0.1;
static float R1 = 0.8;
static float K1;
static float P1;
static float P_temp1;
static float x_temp_est1;
static float x_est1;
static float z_measured1; /*/the 'noisy' value we measured */
// float z_real = 0.5; /*/the ideal value we wish to measure */
static float sum_error_kalman1 = 0;
static float sum_error_measure1 = 0;
static float kalman1(float z_real)
{
/*/do a prediction */
x_temp_est1 = x_est_last1;
P_temp1 = P_last1 + Q1;
/*/calculate the Kalman gain */
K1 = P_temp1 * (1.0/(P_temp1 + R1));
/*/measure*/
z_measured1 = z_real ;
x_est1 = x_temp_est1 + K1 * (z_measured1 - x_temp_est1);
P1 = (1- K1) * P_temp1;
sum_error_kalman1 += fabs(z_real - x_est1);
sum_error_measure1 += fabs(z_real-z_measured1);
P_last1 = P1;
x_est_last1 = x_est1;
return x_est1;
}
void halfword(FP32 j);
static void TaskStart( void *parg)
{
INT16U i=0,j=0,l=0;
FP32 vbat=0,k=0,oldk=0,dianliu=0,wendu=0;
(void)parg;
OS_CPU_SysTickInit();
OSStatInit();
OSTaskCreateExt( TaskLed,
(void *)0,
&TaskLedStk[500-1],
LED_PRIO,
LED_PRIO,
TaskLedStk,
500,
( void*)0,
OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CHK+OS_TASK_OPT_STK_CLR );
LedInit(); //初始化LED指示燈燈
PWMTimer(25000); //初始化PWM
DCOut(ENABLE);
ADC1_Configuration(); //采樣初始化
Getk_adc();
ReadCanShu();
OSTimeDlyHMSM( 0, 0, 1, 0 );
vbat=GetDC310();
gotoxy(0,0);
dprintf8("12");
k=310/vbat;
k=kalman1(k);
if(k<1)
{
halfword(k);
ban();
}
Time1Config(); //SPWM
SPWMState(ENABLE );
//halfword();
while(1)
{
OSTimeDlyHMSM( 0, 0, 0, 50 );
vbat=GetBATE();
if((vbat<10.5)||(vbat>14.5))
{
i++;
if(i==60)
while(1)
{
LedGreen(0);
WenKong(0);
DCOut(DISABLE);
SPWMState(DISABLE );
}
}
else
i=0;
dianliu=GetElectric();
if(dianliu>32)
{
j++;
if(j==40)
while(1)
{
LedGreen(0);
WenKong(0);
DCOut(DISABLE);
SPWMState(DISABLE );
}
}
else
j=0;
if(dianliu>55)
{
while(1)
{
LedGreen(0);
WenKong(0);
DCOut(DISABLE);
SPWMState(DISABLE );
}
}
if(dianliu>2)
WenKong(1);
if(dianliu<1.5)
WenKong(0);
vbat=GetDC310();
vbat=kalman1(vbat);
k=310/vbat;
//k=kalman1(k);
if(k<1)
{
halfword(k);
}
else
halfword(1);
}
}
float k_dianya=0.14143920; //電池電壓比例
extern volatile FP32 vref;
static void TaskLed(void *parg) //測試任務
{
INT32U j=0,b=0;
FP32 vbat=0,k=0;
//ADC_Config();
Init_ST7576();
//Usart1Init(9600);
DianLiuInit();
while(1)
{
LedGreen(1);
OSTimeDlyHMSM( 0, 0, 0, 500 );
LedGreen(0);
OSTimeDlyHMSM( 0, 0, 0, 500 );
Getk_adc();
vbat=GetBATE();
gotoxy(0,0);
dprintf("vbat=%0.2f ",vbat);
vbat=GetDC310();
gotoxy(0,2);
dprintf("DC=%0.2f ",vbat);
k=310/vbat;
gotoxy(0,4);
dprintf("k=%0.1f ",k);
k=GetWenDu();
gotoxy(0,6);
dprintf("wen=%0.1f",k);
k=GetElectric();
dprintf(" %0.1f",k);
if(GetAnJian()==0)
{
DCOut(DISABLE);
SPWMState(DISABLE );
OSTimeDlyHMSM( 0, 0, 3, 500 );
Getele();
SaveCanShu();
DCOut(ENABLE);
SPWMState(ENABLE );
}
}
}
SPWM數(shù)據生成軟件VB源程序如下:
VERSION 5.00
Begin VB.Form SPWM
Caption = "SPWM數(shù)據生成軟件(Howe.Chen)"
ClientHeight = 4560
ClientLeft = 120
ClientTop = 450
ClientWidth = 8310
Icon = "SPWM.frx":0000
LinkTopic = "Form1"
ScaleHeight = 4560
ScaleWidth = 8310
StartUpPosition = 3 '窗口缺省
Begin VB.CommandButton Command1
Caption = "清空結果"
Height = 615
Left = 7320
TabIndex = 18
Top = 3600
Width = 855
End
Begin VB.TextBox Text7
Height = 1695
Left = 240
MultiLine = -1 'True
ScrollBars = 2 'Vertical
TabIndex = 17
Top = 2520
Width = 6855
End
Begin VB.TextBox Text4
Height = 375
Left = 6720
TabIndex = 9
Top = 1560
Width = 975
End
Begin VB.Frame Frame1
Caption = "參數(shù)設置"
Height = 2055
Left = 360
TabIndex = 1
Top = 120
Width = 6015
Begin VB.TextBox Text6
Height = 390
Left = 1560
TabIndex = 16
Top = 1440
Width = 1455
End
Begin VB.TextBox Text5
Height = 375
Left = 4320
TabIndex = 13
Top = 840
Width = 1335
End
Begin VB.TextBox Text3
Height = 375
Left = 1560
TabIndex = 7
Top = 840
Width = 735
End
Begin VB.TextBox Text2
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 375
Left = 4800
TabIndex = 6
Top = 240
Width = 855
End
Begin VB.TextBox Text1
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 375
Left = 1080
TabIndex = 3
Top = 240
Width = 735
End
Begin VB.Label Label9
Caption = "調制度（M)"
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 255
Left = 120
TabIndex = 15
Top = 1560
Width = 1335
End
Begin VB.Label Label8
Caption = "V"
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 255
Left = 5760
TabIndex = 14
Top = 960
Width = 255
End
Begin VB.Label Label7
Caption = "交流峰值電壓(Vsin)"
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 495
Left = 2760
TabIndex = 12
Top = 840
Width = 1575
End
Begin VB.Label Label6
Caption = "V"
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 255
Left = 2400
TabIndex = 11
Top = 960
Width = 375
End
Begin VB.Label Label5
Caption = "直流BUS電壓(Vbus)"
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 495
Left = 120
TabIndex = 10
Top = 840
Width = 1335
End
Begin VB.Label Label3
Caption = "半周期取樣點數(shù)（N）"
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 375
Left = 2640
TabIndex = 5
Top = 360
Width = 2295
End
Begin VB.Label Label1
Caption = "頻率(F)"
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 375
Left = 120
TabIndex = 4
Top = 360
Width = 855
End
Begin VB.Label Label2
Caption = "Hz"
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 255
Left = 1920
TabIndex = 2
Top = 360
Width = 375
End
End
Begin VB.CommandButton CmdOutPut
Caption = "生成(CREATE)"
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 615
Left = 6600
TabIndex = 0
Top = 240
Width = 1575
End
Begin VB.Label Label4
Caption = "PWM幅值"
BeginProperty Font
Name = "宋體"
Size = 12
Charset = 134
Weight = 400
Underline = 0 'False
Italic = 0 'False
Strikethrough = 0 'False
EndProperty
Height = 255
Left = 6720
TabIndex = 8
Top = 1200
Width = 1095
End
End
Attribute VB_Name = "SPWM"
Attribute VB_GlobalNameSpace = False
Attribute VB_Creatable = False
Attribute VB_PredeclaredId = True
Attribute VB_Exposed = False
Dim Freq As Double
Dim Vbus As Double
Dim Vsin As Double
Dim M As Double
Dim N As Double
Dim PwmPeriod As Double
Dim K As Double
Const PI As Double = 3.1415926
Dim Out() As Double
Dim SpwmOut() As Integer
Private Sub CmdOutPut_Click()
On Error GoTo endsub
Dim i As Double
Dim w As Double
Dim temp1 As Double
Dim temp2 As Double
w = Freq * 2 * PI
temp1 = Cos(((1 - 1) * PI) / N)
temp2 = Cos((1 * PI) / N)
Out(1) = (M / w * (temp1 - temp2)) * 1000000
For i = 2 To N Step 1
temp1 = Cos(((i - 1) * PI) / N)
temp2 = Cos((i * PI) / N)
Out(i) = (M / w * (temp1 - temp2)) * 1000000 - Out(1)
Next i
Out(1) = 0
For i = 1 To N Step 1
SpwmOut(i) = CInt(PwmPeriod / (Out(N / 2 + 1)) * Out(i))
Next i
Text7.Text = ""
For i = 1 To N / 2 Step 1
Text7.Text = Text7.Text & "0x" & CStr(Hex(SpwmOut(i))) & ","
Next i
Text7.Text = Text7.Text & vbCrLf
For i = N / 2 + 1 To N - 1 Step 1
Text7.Text = Text7.Text & "0x" & CStr(Hex(SpwmOut(i))) & ","
Next i
Text7.Text = Text7.Text & "0x" & CStr(Hex(SpwmOut(N)))
Exit Sub
endsub:
MsgBox "Error", vbOKOnly, Error
End Sub
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Text7.Text = ""
End Sub
Private Sub Form_Load()
Text1.Text = 50
Text2.Text = 66
Text3.Text = 380
Text4.Text = 255
Text5.Text = 311
End Sub
Private Sub Text1_Change()
Freq = Val(Text1.Text)
End Sub
Private Sub Text2_Change()
N = Val(Text2.Text)
ReDim Out(N)
ReDim SpwmOut(N)
End Sub
Private Sub Text3_Change()
On Error Resume Next
Vbus = Val(Text3.Text)
M = Vsin / Vbus
Text6.Text = CStr(M)
End Sub
Private Sub Text4_Change()
PwmPeriod = Val(Text4.Text)
End Sub
Private Sub Text5_Change()
On Error GoTo endsub
If (Val(Text5.Text) > Vbus) Then
MsgBox "Vsin must be below Vbus", vbOKOnly, "Error"
Text5.Text = CStr(311)
Else
Vsin = Val(Text5.Text)
M = Vsin / Vbus
Text6.Text = CStr(CSng(M))
End If
endsub:
End Sub
Private Sub Text6_Change()
On Error GoTo endsub
If (Val(Text6.Text) > 1) Then
MsgBox "M must be Between 0 to 1", vbOKOnly, "Error"
Text6.Text = CStr(0.818421052631579)
Else
M = Val(Text6.Text)
Vsin = Vbus * M
Text5.Text = CStr(CSng(Vsin))
End If
endsub:
End Sub 復制代碼
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