版本：.NET Framework 3.5

先來一個反射調(diào)用方法的例子：

using System;
using System.Reflection;

class Example
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Type t = typeof(String);

        MethodInfo substr = t.GetMethod("Substring", 
            new Type[] { typeof(int), typeof(int) });
		// 用MethodBase類的Invoke(object obj, object[] parameters)方法
        Object result = 
            substr.Invoke("Hello, World!", new Object[] { 7, 5 });// 射調(diào)用String的Substring(int startIndex, int length)方法
        Console.WriteLine("{0} returned \"{1}\".", substr, result);
    }
}

/* 輸出:
System.String Substring(Int32, Int32) returned “World”.
*/

進入正題：通過Type.InvokeMethod實現(xiàn)方法的重載

1）介紹type
Type 為 System.Reflection 功能的根，也是訪問元數(shù)據(jù)的主要方式。使用 Type 的成員獲取關(guān)于類型聲明的信息，如構(gòu)造函數(shù)、方法、字段、屬性和類的事件，以及在其中部署該類的模塊和程序集。
在多線程方案中，不要鎖定 Type 對象以同步對 static 數(shù)據(jù)的訪問。其他不受您控制的代碼可能也會鎖定您的類類型。這可能會導(dǎo)致死鎖。應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)而通過鎖定私有 static 對象來同步對靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)的訪問。
這個類是線程安全的；多個線程可以同時從此類型的一個實例讀取數(shù)據(jù)。Type 的實例可表示以下任何類型：
類
值類型
數(shù)組
接口
指針
枚舉
構(gòu)造泛型類型和泛型類型定義
構(gòu)造泛型類型、泛型類型定義和泛型方法定義的類型實參和類型形參

2）實例

Assembly assembly = Assembly.LoadFrom(sDllName);
Type fType = assembly.GetType(sClassName);
object instance = Activator.CreateInstance (fType);
fType.InvokeMember(“classmethod”,BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,null,instance,sParams);//調(diào)用指定實例instance的classmethod方法，sParams為傳入?yún)?shù)，數(shù)量不固定，達(dá)到方法的重載

3）擴展
枚舉類BindingFlags各屬性含義

Default 不指定綁定標(biāo)志。
IgnoreCase 指定當(dāng)綁定時不應(yīng)考慮成員名的大小寫。
DeclaredOnly 指定只應(yīng)考慮在所提供類型的層次結(jié)構(gòu)級別上聲明的成員。不考慮繼承成員。
Instance 指定實例成員將包括在搜索中。
Static 指定靜態(tài)成員將包括在搜索中。
Public 指定公共成員將包括在搜索中。
NonPublic 指定非公共成員將包括在搜索中。
FlattenHierarchy 指定應(yīng)返回層次結(jié)構(gòu)上的公共靜態(tài)成員和受保護的靜態(tài)成員。不返回繼承類中的私有靜態(tài)成員。靜態(tài)成員包括字段、方法、事件和屬性。不返回嵌套類型。
InvokeMethod 指定要調(diào)用一個方法。它不能是構(gòu)造函數(shù)或類型初始值設(shè)定項。
CreateInstance 指定“反射”應(yīng)該創(chuàng)建指定類型的實例。調(diào)用與給定參數(shù)匹配的構(gòu)造函數(shù)。忽略提供的成員名。如果未指定查找類型，將應(yīng)用 (Instance |Public)。調(diào)用類型初始值設(shè)定項是不可能的。
GetField 指定應(yīng)返回指定字段的值。
SetField 指定應(yīng)設(shè)置指定字段的值。
GetProperty 指定應(yīng)返回指定屬性的值。
SetProperty 指定應(yīng)設(shè)置指定屬性的值。對于 COM 屬性，指定此綁定標(biāo)志與指定 PutDispProperty 和 PutRefDispProperty 是等效的。
PutDispProperty 指定應(yīng)調(diào)用 COM 對象的 PROPPUT 成員。PROPPUT 指定使用值的屬性設(shè)置函數(shù)。如果屬性同時具有 PROPPUT 和 PROPPUTREF，而且需要區(qū)分調(diào)用哪一個，請使用 PutDispProperty。
PutRefDispProperty 指定應(yīng)調(diào)用 COM 對象的 PROPPUTREF 成員。PROPPUTREF 指定使用引用而不是值的屬性設(shè)置函數(shù)。如果屬性同時具有 PROPPUT 和 PROPPUTREF，而且需要區(qū)分調(diào)用哪一個，請使用 PutRefDispProperty。
ExactBinding 指定提供參數(shù)的類型必須與對應(yīng)形參的類型完全匹配。如果調(diào)用方提供一個非空 Binder 對象，則“反射”將引發(fā)異常，因為這意味著調(diào)用方正在提供的 BindToXXX 實現(xiàn)將選取適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ā?br> SuppressChangeType 未實現(xiàn)。
OptionalParamBinding 返回其參數(shù)計數(shù)與提供參數(shù)的數(shù)目匹配的成員集。此綁定標(biāo)志用于所帶參數(shù)具有默認(rèn)值的方法和帶變量參數(shù) (varargs) 的方法。此標(biāo)志應(yīng)只與 Type.InvokeMember 一起使用。
IgnoreReturn 在 COM interop 中用于指定可以忽略成員的返回值。

舉例

using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.IO;

namespace BindingFlagsSnippet
{
    class EntryPoint
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Invoke.Go();
        }
    }


    class Invoke
    {
        public static void Go()
        {
            // BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
            // Call a static method.
            Type t = typeof (TestClass);

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking a static method.");
            Console.WriteLine("-------------------------");
            t.InvokeMember ("SayHello", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static, null, null, new object [] {});

            // BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
            // Call an instance method.
            TestClass c = new TestClass ();
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking an instance method.");
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");
            c.GetType().InvokeMember ("AddUp", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, c, new object [] {});
            c.GetType().InvokeMember ("AddUp", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, c, new object [] {});

            // BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
            // Call a method with parameters.
            object [] args = new object [] {100.09, 184.45};
            object result;
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking a method with parameters.");
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------");
            result = t.InvokeMember ("ComputeSum", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, null, args);
            Console.WriteLine ("{0}   {1} = {2}", args[0], args[1], result);

            // BindingFlags.GetField, SetField
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking a field (getting and setting.)");
            Console.WriteLine("--------------------------------------");
            // Get a field value.
            result = t.InvokeMember ("Name", BindingFlags.GetField, null, c, new object [] {});
            Console.WriteLine ("Name == {0}", result);
            // Set a field.
            t.InvokeMember ("Name", BindingFlags.SetField, null, c, new object [] {"NewName"});
            result = t.InvokeMember ("Name", BindingFlags.GetField, null, c, new object [] {});
            Console.WriteLine ("Name == {0}", result);

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking an indexed property (getting and setting.)");
            Console.WriteLine("--------------------------------------------------");
            // BindingFlags.GetProperty
            // Get an indexed property value.
            int  index = 3;
            result = t.InvokeMember ("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, c, new object [] {index});
            Console.WriteLine ("Item[{0}] == {1}", index, result);
            // BindingFlags.SetProperty
            // Set an indexed property value.
            index = 3;
            t.InvokeMember ("Item", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, c, new object [] {index, "NewValue"});
            result = t.InvokeMember ("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty , null, c, new object [] {index});
            Console.WriteLine ("Item[{0}] == {1}", index, result);

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Getting a field or property.");
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");
            // BindingFlags.GetField
            // Get a field or property.
            result = t.InvokeMember ("Name", BindingFlags.GetField | BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, c, new object [] {});
            Console.WriteLine ("Name == {0}", result);
            // BindingFlags.GetProperty
            result = t.InvokeMember ("Value", BindingFlags.GetField | BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, c, new object [] {});
            Console.WriteLine ("Value == {0}", result);

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking a method with named parameters.");
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------------");
            // BindingFlags.InvokeMethod
            // Call a method using named parameters.
            object[] argValues = new object [] {"Mouse", "Micky"};
            String [] argNames = new String [] {"lastName", "firstName"};
            t.InvokeMember ("PrintName", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, null, argValues, null, null, argNames);

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking a default member of a type.");
            Console.WriteLine("------------------------------------");
            // BindingFlags.Default
            // Call the default member of a type.
            Type t3 = typeof (TestClass2);
            t3.InvokeMember ("", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod | BindingFlags.Default, null, new TestClass2(), new object [] {});

            // BindingFlags.Static, NonPublic, and Public
            // Invoking a member by reference.
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking a method by reference.");
            Console.WriteLine("-------------------------------");
            MethodInfo m = t.GetMethod("Swap");
            args = new object[2];
            args[0] = 1;
            args[1] = 2;
            m.Invoke(new TestClass(),args);
            Console.WriteLine ("{0}, {1}", args[0], args[1]);
            // The string is case-sensitive.
            Type type = Type.GetType("System.String");

            // Check to see if the value is valid. If the object is null, the type does not exist.
            if (type == null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Please ensure that you specify only valid types in the type field.");
                Console.WriteLine("The type name is case-sensitive.");
                return;
            }
            // Declare and populate the arrays to hold the information.
            // You must declare either NonPublic or Public with Static or the search will not work.
            FieldInfo [] fi = type.GetFields (BindingFlags.Static |
                BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
            // BindingFlags.NonPublic
            MethodInfo [] miNonPublic = type.GetMethods (BindingFlags.Static |
                BindingFlags.NonPublic);
            // BindingFlags.Public
            MethodInfo [] miPublic = type.GetMethods (BindingFlags.Static |
                BindingFlags.Public);

            // Iterate through all the nonpublic methods.
            foreach (MethodInfo method in miNonPublic)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(method);
            }
            // Iterate through all the public methods.
            foreach (MethodInfo method in miPublic)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(method);
            }
            // Iterate through all the fields.
            foreach (FieldInfo f in fi)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(f);
            }

            // BindingFlags.Instance
            // Call an instance method.
            TestClass tc = new TestClass ();
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking an Instance method.");
            Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");
            tc.GetType().InvokeMember ("AddUp", BindingFlags.Public |
                BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.CreateInstance,
                null, tc, new object [] {});

            // BindingFlags.CreateInstance
            // Calling and creating an instance method.
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking and creating an instance method.");
            Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------------");
            tc.GetType().InvokeMember ("AddUp", BindingFlags.Public |
                BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.CreateInstance,
                null, tc, new object [] {});

            // BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly
            TestClass tc2 = new TestClass();
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("DeclaredOnly members");
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------");
            System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] memInfo =
                tc2.GetType().GetMembers(BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly);
            for(int i=0;i<memInfo.Length;i  )
            {
                Console.WriteLine(memInfo[i].Name);
            }

            // BindingFlags.SuppressChangeType
            TestClass obj = new TestClass();
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Invoking static method - PrintName");
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------");
            System.Reflection.MethodInfo methInfo =
                obj.GetType().GetMethod("PrintName");
            methInfo.Invoke(obj,BindingFlags.SuppressChangeType |
                BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null,new object[]
                {"Brad","Smith"},null);

            // BindingFlags.IgnoreCase
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Using IgnoreCase and invoking the PrintName method.");
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------");
            methInfo = obj.GetType().GetMethod("PrintName");
            methInfo.Invoke(obj,BindingFlags.IgnoreCase |
                BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null,new object[]
                {"brad","smith"},null);

            // BindingFlags.IgnoreReturn
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Using IgnoreReturn and invoking the PrintName method.");
            Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------------------------");
            methInfo = obj.GetType().GetMethod("PrintName");
            methInfo.Invoke(obj,BindingFlags.IgnoreReturn |
                BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null,new object[]
                {"Brad","Smith"},null);

            // BindingFlags.OptionalParamBinding
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Using OptionalParamBinding and invoking the PrintName method.");
            Console.WriteLine("-------------------------------------------------------------");
            methInfo = obj.GetType().GetMethod("PrintName");
            methInfo.Invoke(obj,BindingFlags.OptionalParamBinding |
                BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null,new object[]
                {"Brad","Smith"},null);

            // BindingFlags.ExactBinding
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Using ExactBinding and invoking the PrintName method.");
            Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------------------------");
            methInfo = obj.GetType().GetMethod("PrintName");
            methInfo.Invoke(obj,BindingFlags.ExactBinding |
                BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null,new object[]
                {"Brad","Smith"},null);

            // BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Using FlattenHierarchy and invoking the PrintName method.");
            Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
            methInfo = obj.GetType().GetMethod("PrintName");
            methInfo.Invoke(obj,BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy |
                BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null,new object[]
                {"Brad","Smith"},null);
        }
    }

轉(zhuǎn)載：https://www.cnblogs.com/snake-hand/p/3143075.html