匯實(shí)踐工作中船長(zhǎng)應(yīng)用文書舉例

作者: 劉竹元 船長(zhǎng)

船舶在商業(yè)操作中在不可控制的情況下，會(huì)有許許多多的事故，這些事故我們不控制。別人對(duì)我們的索賠，我能做到的便是反索賠(持有自己的證據(jù)，但是不能管別人的言論)。結(jié)合自己在船遇到的海事應(yīng)用文，列舉如下，雖然這不是范本，但是他可以打開你的思路，可以確保在船工作，知道什么情況下需要遞交抗議書或是海事聲明。

海事聲明，是指運(yùn)輸過程中，船舶遭遇海損事故或惡劣天氣造成或可能造成船舶或貨物損害，船長(zhǎng)所簽署的聲明。該聲明申述本船對(duì)不可抗力所造成的任何損害不負(fù)任何責(zé)任，同時(shí)保留向有關(guān)方索賠和在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間和地點(diǎn)延伸或補(bǔ)充聲明的權(quán)利。海事聲明經(jīng)第一抵達(dá)港的航海機(jī)關(guān)或公證機(jī)構(gòu)或船籍國(guó)駐當(dāng)?shù)厥诡I(lǐng)館簽證后，就成為保險(xiǎn)人所必須取得的文件。按照國(guó)際慣例，如須提交海事聲明，應(yīng)在開艙前送交簽證; 如等開艙后發(fā)現(xiàn)船、貨的損害與所遞交的海事聲明有關(guān)時(shí)，船方還可以作補(bǔ)充說明或者延伸聲明，重申對(duì)損害不負(fù)任何責(zé)任或者保留向有關(guān)方索賠的權(quán)利。多數(shù)國(guó)家的法庭對(duì)海事聲明的效力未予肯定，有少數(shù)國(guó)家的法律(如蘇聯(lián)海商法)明確規(guī)定了海事聲明具有證據(jù)效力。

海事聲明的作用是: 船長(zhǎng)簽署海事聲明的目的是說明船舶遇到不可抗力，對(duì)船貨已經(jīng)或可能造成損失，承運(yùn)人不負(fù)責(zé)任。船舶到達(dá)第一個(gè)港口的24小時(shí)內(nèi)，應(yīng)由船長(zhǎng)把海事聲明提交港務(wù)監(jiān)督，在國(guó)外則提交本國(guó)駐當(dāng)?shù)仡I(lǐng)事館或其他有關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)鑒證，有時(shí)也可交公證機(jī)關(guān)鑒證。海事聲明一般附存航海日志摘要。海事聲明的法律地位各國(guó)不一，歐洲大陸國(guó)家一般作為法定依據(jù);美國(guó)則認(rèn)為僅是單方面的事實(shí)記錄，不能作為對(duì)船方有利的證明文件。船長(zhǎng)提交海事聲明所涉情節(jié)有關(guān)?？梢粤碜餮由旌Ｊ侣暶?，重申對(duì)損失或損壞不負(fù)責(zé)任并保留向有關(guān)方面索賠的權(quán)利。

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船長(zhǎng)實(shí)踐工作中應(yīng)用文書舉例：

01. 虧倉(cāng)聲明

Dead Freight Letter

Date:

To: [Shipper / Charters / Appointed Agent]

Dear Sir or Madam,

In accordance with the terms and conditions of the Charter Party applicable to this voyage and the sailing instructions, the vessel ordered [name of shipper] to provide on board [quantity: A] metric tons of [cargo – type and grade] at [name of the port] for carriage to [name of discharging Port] and had provided cargo space on board sufficient to load the quantity as so ordered accordingly.

Upon the completion of loading at this port on [date, time], the total cargo loaded on board was found to be [quantity: B] metric tons as per quantity shown on the Mate’s Receipt / Bills of lading, which is definitely short of the quantity as so ordered.

Therefore, I, Captain [name], the Master of the M.V. [name of vessel] hold all of you fully responsible and liable for loss of freight or other result whatsoever due to and/or in relation to the alleged shortage of [quantity: A - B] metric tons of [cargo - type and grade] as the above-mentioned.

Yours faithfully,

(Signature)                                                                      (Signature)

----------------------------------------          ------------------------------------------

Master of M/V [Name of Vessel]                            [Shipper/Charters/Agent]

For and on behalf of all the owners of M.V. “[name of vessel]”

Copy to: owners, ship manager, charterer

 02 航行中船舶遭受惡劣天氣

Letter of Protest

Vessel: ____________________    Date: ______________________    Voy. No: ____________________

Terminal:__________________     Port:_______________________ 

Cargo Grade:_______________    Nominated Qty: ______________

To: The Terminal Representative

With regards to the cargo of approximately     (Insert approximate quantity)     MT

(Ship\\'s Figure) of (Insert vessel quantity)  loaded onboard the ship (Insert name of vessel)  at  (Insert name of port and terminal) on the (Insert date)

Insert relevant statements relating to the protest here: 

In order to protect the interest of the Vessel, her Owners, Charterers and Agents, I hereby note protest and I reserve the rights of my Principals to take whatever action they consider necessary and to recover the costs of any such action and the cost of any penalties imposed as a result of the same.

Receipt acknowledged without prejudice by:

____________________________                      ____________________________

Signature                                               Master

___________________________                        

Name and Designation

____________________________

Representing

03.裝貨港船岸雙方貨物重量不一致

Ship-Shore Difference Load Port

Vessel Name:                   Voyage no:                          Date: 

Port Name:                       Cargo Grade:                      Nominated Quantity:

TO: Terminal/Shipper Representative

Upon the completion of loadingthe above-mentioned gradeof cargo at this (Port Name) on [Date & time], the total quantity of cargo loaded was found to be as follows:

As per Ships draft survey: ___________________

As per Shore (Mates receipt / BL) figures: _______________________

The difference between Ship / Shore figure is: ____________________

Hereby I, Captain [name], the Master of the M.V. [name of vessel] on behalf of the vessel and her Owners/Managers note protest and hold you fully responsible for any claims& consequences that may arise/result out of this discrepancy.I further reserve the right to extend this protest at anytime in the future as required.

Yours faithfully,

-------------------------------------------             ------------------------------------------

Master of M/V [name of vessel]                                   [Shipper/Charters/Agent]

Copy to: Owners, Ship Manager, Charterer

04.卸貨港船岸雙方貨物重量不一致

Ship-Shore Difference Discharge Port

Vessel Name:                                                     Voyage no:

Date:                                                                   Port Name:

Cargo Grade:                                                      BL Quantity:

TO: Terminal/Receivers representative

Upon the completion of dischargingthe above-mentioned gradeof cargo at this (Port Name) on [Date & time], the total quantity of cargo discharged was found to be as follows:

As per Ships draft survey: ___________________

As per Shore (Outturn) figures: _______________________

The difference between Ship / Shore figure is: ____________________

All cargo as per Bill of Lading quantities has been discharged.

Hereby I, Captain [name], the Master of the M.V. [name of vessel] on behalf of the vessel and her Owners/Managers note protest and hold you fully responsible for any claims& consequences that may arise/result due to the above discrepancy.I further reserve the right to extend this protest at anytime in the future as required.

Yours faithfully,

-------------------------------------------              ------------------------------------------

Master of M/V [name of vessel]                                     [Receiver/Charters/Agent]

Copy to: Owners, Ship Manager, Charterer

05.裝貨過程中 工人野蠻操作克令吊

Letter of Protest for Crane failure

To: xxxx

Cc: Furness Withy (Chartering) Ltd 

Cc: xxxxxxx

Cc: Bernhard Schulte Shipmanagement (Hong Kong) Limited

Cc: xxxxxxxxxxxxx

Dear Sir or Madam,

This is to Place on record that vessel M.V.xxxxx (IMO no:xxxxxxxx), arrived at Port of Lazardo Cardenas at 31 May 2018.

POB:2130 lt

All fast : 2248lt

Commenced cargo : 0150 lt

As per the agents email report on 01 Jun 2018

0200-0250lt HOLD 5 / SHIP’S CRANE No.4 - ELECTRICAL FAILURE

1220-1245lt HOLD 3 / SHIP’S CRANE No.2 – FAILURE

Ship’s crew immediately checked crane condition and stevedore operation status, found crane Jib limit, crane auto stopped lift highest level, only lower or swing can operational. Crew talked operator and teached. But failed ,operator only understand Spanish language. He insisted on his procedure, tried crane many many times, foreman also not always onboard monitored cargo loading status!

Before loading 2300lt 31 May 2018-0100 lt 01 Jun 2018 charterer independent surveyor inspection and practical tested vessel 4 pcs crane( copy some document) ,found all is in very good condition.

Hereby I, Captain xxxx , the Master of the M.V. INTERLINK xxxxx on behalf of the vessel and her Owners/Managers note protest and hold you fully responsible for any claims & consequences that may arise/result out of this case. I further reserve the right to extend this protest at any time in the future as required.

Yours faithfully,

(Signature)                                                                      (Signature)

-------------------------------------------   ------------------------------------------

 Master of M/V xxxxxxxxxxx

06.裝貨過程中工人受傷

Letter of Protest

To: Whomsoever It May Concern

Dear Sirs,

This is to Place on record that vessel M.V.Interlink xxxxx (IMO no: xxxxxx), arrived at Port of Lazardo Cardenas at 31 May 2018.

POB:2130 lt

All fast : 2248lt

Commenced cargo : 0150 lt

As per the attached Statement of Facts / photo report a stevedore was today on 01 Jun 2018 date at 1300LT injured on board the Interlink xxxx in Cargo Hold 5. The stevedore was injured through no fault of the vessel.

The extent of the stevedore’s injuries are unknown to the vessel.

Vessel notified agents as well of the incident.

Vessel hereby refuses any responsibility for this incident.

I Capt.xxx master of M.V. Interlink xxxxx hereby strongly protest on behalf of vessel/owners/managers and hold Stevedoring company fully responsible for all time losses and/or expenses and/or any charges and/or any claims and/or penalties to arise against the vessel now or in future due to this incident.

I reserve the rights of my principals to refer to this matter at a later date and to take such action as may be deemed necessary.

Signature :

Master of M.V.Interlink xxxxxxx

1300 LT ONE STEVEDORE DROP INTO THE GAP OF STEEL SLABS & INJURE DURING WORKING IN CH5. 

1303 LT CREW STDBY BY FIRST AID AND STRETCHER ON DECK

1310 LT SHORE AMBULANCE ARRIVED, MASTER MADE CALL TO AGENT

1324 LT INJURED STEVEDORE HANDLY TO SHORE

1326 LT AMBULANCE LEFT

07.岸上裝卸設(shè)備受限，貨物不能裝載在船舶的另一側(cè)

Letter of protest

Vessel Name: M/v:”INTERLINK xxxxx”          Voyage no: V021

Date: 26 Dec 2018                                             Port Name:Sillamea,Estonia

Cargo Grade: UREA GRAN IN BULK/UREA PRILLED IN BULK

Ship owner: xxxxxxx

Dear sirs,

In view of the following:

the Caption ship alongsided wharf EE 749-001 1148lt 16 Dec 2018 and ready for loading the cargo UREA GRAN IN BULK/UREA PRILLED IN BULK. Cargo commenced loading at 1545lt 16 Dec 2018. During periods of loading above cargo, shore loader limit, cargo only loading cargo hold starboard side, vessel list to starboard side more than 2 drg, shore crane limit only reach after No.3 cargo hold for trimming,vessel free provided all cargo gear for loading this cargo ,but shore cannot provided suit grab for vessel’s crane.

the statement of fact, blw target time figure was ture.

0620-0800 lt 26 Dec 2018 suspended loading due to shore loader limit,waitting for trimming.

I, master of “INTERLINK xxxxxx” have to lodge this protest to against all losses, claims etc, arisen by the aforesaid fact, and reserving my right to extend this protest at any time or place that may be convenient.

To see attached picture.

Yours faithfully,

-------------------------------------------              ------------------------------------------

Master of M/V [Interlink xxxxxx]                                     [Shipper/Charters/Agent]

08.裝貨港，遭受惡劣天氣，水面結(jié)冰，下雪，水尺計(jì)算無法確定貨物數(shù)量

Letter of protest

Vessel Name: M/v:”INTERLINK xxx”                     Voyage no: V021

Date: 25 Dec 2018                                                    Port Name:Sillamea,Estonia

Cargo Grade: UREA GRAN IN BULK/UREA PRILLED IN BULK

Ship owner: REGIONS COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT FINANCE,LLC

Dear sirs,

In view of the following:

the Caption ship alongsided wharf EE 749-001 1148lt 16 Dec 2018 and ready for loading the cargo UREA GRAN IN BULK/UREA PRILLED IN BULK. Cargo commenced loading at 1545lt 16 Dec 2018. During periods of loading above cargo, vessel encountered heavy weather, all deck and hatch cover covered about 30-40 cm snow, ballast tank and sounding pipe also freezing, final draft survey unpumped ballast water not fixed in this weather condition. for heavy weather condition may be caused the cargo quantity difference as the B/L at discharging Buenaventura, Colombia // Guayaquil, Ecuador.

I, master of “INTERLINK xxxxxx” have to lodge this protest to against all losses, claims etc, arisen by the aforesaid fact, and reserving my right to extend this protest at any time or place that may be convenient.

To see attached picture.

Yours faithfully,

-------------------------------------------               -----------------------------------------

Master of M/V [Interlink xxx                                            [Shipper/Charters/Agent]

09.裝貨過程中由于碼頭設(shè)備受限，船舶嚴(yán)重傾斜，碼頭要求船舶離港

Letter of protest

Vessel Name: M/v:”INTERLINK xxxxxx”                Voyage no: V021

Date: 28 Dec 2018                                                    Port Name:Sillam e,Estonia

Cargo Grade: UREA GRAN IN BULK/UREA PRILLED IN BULK

Ship owner: REGIONS COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT FINANCE,LLC

Chtrs:cargill

To :Sillam e port authorities

Cc: whom it may concern

Dear sirs,

During loading cargo into Hold No.1,No.2,No.4,No.5. The stevedors loaded cargo not normal in the holdNo.1,No.2,No.4,No.5. the cargo was loaded more to starboard side in the holds No.1 and No.2,and more portside into hold No.5 ,in that respect the vessel have twisting and stress. The trimming must be done before departure. Also the hold No.3 empty now .and the vessel have very big bending moment.The vessel have dangerous moment for the hull, and we can living berth only after correction above mention stress by cargo in the hold Hold No.1,No.2,No.5,No.3.

In view of the fact above,I, master of “INTERLINK xxxxx” hereby note my protest against all losses, damages, etc. reserving my right to make a claim on the parties concerned and to extend the same at time and place convenient.

Yours faithfully,

-------------------------------------------               -----------------------------------------

Master of M/V [Interlink xxx                                            [Shipper/Charters/Agent]

10.貨艙損壞

貴輪2010.06.06 1300hrs 于Kohsichang 卸貨時(shí)，工人操作不慎致第二艙艙底板數(shù)處破洞，嚴(yán)重影響日后壓艙水作業(yè)。請(qǐng)制作抗議書(Letter of Protest)一份，除要求裝卸公司及租方立即修復(fù)外，并作適當(dāng)保護(hù)船方的主張。

Letter of Protest

(Date/time)

Attention: (Foreman)

cc: (Shipper), (Charterers), (Agent)

Re: Stevedore Damage to MV (ship name) at (Wharf No., Port)

Tanktop deformed & leaked at #2 cargo hold------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

I, Captain (insert captain’s name), Master of M.V. (insert vessel’s name), regretfully inform you that the under-mentioned damages were made by the stevedores’ rough handling/operation of (insert machine) during vessel’s loading/discharging operation at Kohsichang.

- Time of damage occurred: 1300LT 06/Jun/2010

- Description of the damages:

The tanktop in hold no.2 was deformed and leaks were found in the cargo hold.

The leaks in hold no.2 have seriously damaged vessel’s ballasting system. Please urgently repair the damages prior to vessel’s departure from Kohsichang at the time and account of your company.

I hereby file my protest for the above-mentioned stevedores’ damages and reserve all the rights to claim for any expense, cost, loss of time, and consequence arising wherefrom.

Yours faithfully,

(Master\\'s Name)

----------------------------------------------           -----------------------------------------

 Party and time this letter accepted by                          Master of MV ( ship name )

11.在錨地惡劣天氣中作業(yè)

貴輪現(xiàn)于錨地裝貨涌浪頗大，若繼續(xù)作業(yè)可能造成吊桿或船體損傷。經(jīng)與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)領(lǐng)班討論，對(duì)方認(rèn)為海象仍可作業(yè)。請(qǐng)你立即草擬抗議書(Letter of Protest)乙紙，通知相關(guān)單位，敘明現(xiàn)時(shí)情況及船方顧慮，除嚴(yán)正聲明租方及裝卸公司將對(duì)因此而造成的一切損害負(fù)完全責(zé)任外，并且一切的時(shí)間損失均與船方無渉。

Letter of Protest

(Date/time)

Attention: (Foreman)

CC: (Shipper), (Charterers), (Agent)

Re:Working Under Bad Weather

MV (ship name) at (Port)

I, Captain (insert captain’s name), Master of M.V. (insert vessel’s name), declare that M.V. (insert vessel’s name) under my command started loading operation at (insert anchorage) on (insert day/month/year).

At (insert time) on (insert day/month/year), strong wind and high swells occurred at the anchorage, and therefore made it hazardous to carry out the cargo operation. However, the stevedore foreman insisted to continue loading under the above-mentioned weather condition despite my objection.

Fearing loss or damage that may be sustained by the vessel’s hull, machinery and cargo through rough and boisterous weather during the cargo operation, I hereby note my protest against all losses and damages caused thereby. In addition to that, the ship and her Owners reserve their rights to extend same whenever/wherever necessary and are not responsible for any time thereby lost, if any.

Yours faithfully,

(Master\\'s Name)

-------------------------------------------                       ----------------------------------

(Party and time this letter accepted by)                          Master of MV ( ship name )

12.船期短造成違反港口規(guī)定

貴輪被通知前往黑海烏克蘭裝貨，但租家因時(shí)間緊迫，要求貴輪直接駛往裝貨港，而不必理會(huì)黑海區(qū)域?qū)Q排壓艙水的規(guī)定。請(qǐng)即發(fā)函租家，請(qǐng)對(duì)方立即書面確認(rèn)將對(duì)貴輪因此而遭致的一切損害(包括但不限于罰金扣船等)負(fù)全部賠償責(zé)任后，貴輪始得依對(duì)方指示辦理。

To: (Charterers)

Re: MV xxxxxx

Proceed directly to (port) without exchanging ballast water.

This is referred to your message on (date) requesting the ship under my command to proceed to (port) directly without exchanging ship\\'s ballast water in open sea as per relevant ballast-exchange rules in the Black Sea area.

Charterers please immediately confirm your agreement to take full responsibilities of all losses and costs, in any, including, but not limited to, penalty and detention of the vessel and whatsoever nature which the ship may sustain by reason of breaking the Black Sea water ballast regulation in accordance with Charterers\\' request.

Without Charterers\\' written confirmation of the above, the ship will have no way but to follow up the existing rules about ballast-exchange. In that case, the ship may spend about (number) additional hours for drifting at (drifting location) at Charterers\\' time and cost. The ship and her Owners shall of course not be responsible for any delay or time loss arising therefrom.

Charterers\\' immediate response is highly appreciated.

Best regards,

(Master name),

Master of MV ' '

13.工人野蠻卸貨作業(yè)致貨損

貴輪在卸貨期間碼頭卸貨工人作業(yè)極其粗糙，屢屢發(fā)生程度不一的貨損。請(qǐng)即向相關(guān)單位發(fā)出抗議書(Letter of Protest)，請(qǐng)對(duì)方立刻改善并對(duì)貴輪的權(quán)益作適當(dāng)主張。

Letter of Protest

(Date/time)

Attention: (Foreman), (Receivers)

CC: (Charterers), (Agent)

Re: Stevedores\\' Rough Handling at (Wharf, Port)

I, Captain (insert captain’s name), Master of M.V. (insert vessel’s name) noticed that during cargo discharging operation at (insert port name) on (insert date), several cargo damages are observed due to stevedores’ rough handling.

I hereby file my protest for future reference and strongly request receivers\\' immediate intervention to push your stevedores improve their operation. Ship and her Owners are not responsible for any loss and/or claims occurred wherefrom.

Yours faithfully,

(Master\\'s Name)

-------------------------------------------                         ----------------------------------

Party and time this letter accepted by                               Master of MV ( ship name )

14.工人無故暫停裝/卸貨作業(yè)

貴輪在裝貨/卸貨期間，碼頭工人在無明確告知原因下突然暫停作業(yè)。請(qǐng)即向相關(guān)單位發(fā)出抗議書(Letter of Protest)，要求碼頭工人立即復(fù)工并聲明若因此而生的一切延誤與損失均與貴輪及船東無渉。

Letter of Protest

(Date/Time)

Attention: (Foreman), (Receivers)

CC: (Charterers), (Agent)

Re: Stoppage of loading/discharging operation with unknown reason

I, Captain (insert captain’s name), Master of M.V. (insert vessel’s name) declare that M.V. (insert captain’s name) under my command started loading/discharging at (insert anchorage/port name) on (insert day/month/year).

At (insert time) on (insert day/month/year), the loading/discharging operation (at Hold No.1, 2, …) was suspended with unknown reason while the ship was in all respects ready for loading/discharging.

I hereby file my protest for future reference and strongly request receivers’ immediate intervention to push your stevedores to resume working. Ship and her Owners are not responsible for any delay and cost occurred wherefrom.

Yours faithfully,

(Master\\'s Name)

-------------------------------------------                         ----------------------------------

(Party and time this letter accepted by)                            Master of MV ( ship name )

15.移泊至錨地等候辦關(guān)手續(xù)

貴輪在落后地區(qū)，得知代理欲安排船舶先行移泊至外海錨地并后補(bǔ)所扣文件及結(jié)關(guān)證書，如當(dāng)時(shí)船舶并無裝卸貨且無必須在外海錨地進(jìn)行之作業(yè)，請(qǐng)制作文書收條(Receipt)一份要求該代理簽署。

Receipt

Attn: Master of MV XXXX                                                         Date:

I, (agent company name), as the agent assigned by my principal Messrs. (agent\\'s principal) to handle your vessel\\'s port clearance at (Port Name), hereby acknowledge the receipt of all the required documents listed below and now request the vessel to shift to outer anchorage firstly in order to save time/expenses of the harbour stay while I arrange port clearance of the vessel.

I confirm that I will return you all vessel\\'s documents I’m holding when your vessel arrives at the anchorage. If there is any ship\\'s delay, damage and/or loss caused by my failing or delay returning of the documents, both this office and (agent\\'s principal) will take full responsibility and indemnify you and your owner for all delay, damage and/or losses.

Details of the documents I\\'m holding are as follows:

-

-

-

--------------------------

(Agent),

as agent, for and on behalf of (agent\\'s principal)

如該代理拒絕簽署您制作的文書收條(Receipt)或給予其他同性質(zhì)的保證，請(qǐng)你制作一份報(bào)告通知當(dāng)?shù)馗蹌?wù)局及領(lǐng)港站，除告知上情并聲明貴輪拒絕代理行的無理安排外，另請(qǐng)求港務(wù)當(dāng)局立即介入處理，若因此而衍生的一切延誤與損失應(yīng)由代理行負(fù)責(zé)，與貴輪及船東無渉。

Attn: (Port Authority) (Pilot Station)                                         (Date)

Re: MV ' ' – Berthing at Wharf xxxx of (Port)

The captioned ship under my command completed her discharge/loading at xxxx hours of (date). The ship is now in all respects ready for sail.

I\\'m notified by the port agent (agent name) that my ship has to be shifted firstly to outside harbour, but the agent refuses either to return me ship\\'s documents he is holding or to confirm his undertaking of adequate procedure and liabilities.

To protect the safety of your good port as well as my ship and all crew members onboard, I hereby declare my rejection to comply with agent\\'s arrangement, and strongly request your immediate intervention.

All costs, expenses, delay therefrom shall be for (agent name)\\'s account and nothing related to the ship and her owner.

Your attention and grand reaction is highly appreciated.

Yours sincerely,

-------------------------------------

(Name)

Master of MV XXXX

以上船舶應(yīng)用文書舉例來自劉竹元船長(zhǎng)實(shí)踐工作收集匯總，希望大家可以以此為藥引子，都可以寫出符合自己的專業(yè)英語應(yīng)用文書。

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