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      金縷梅科:山白樹(shù)Sinowilsonia henryi

       璇琮坑 2019-09-04
      中文名(Chinese Name):山白樹(shù)
      學(xué)名(Scientific Name):Sinowilsonia henryi Hemsl.
      英文名(English Common Name):
      別名(Chinese Common Name):
      異名(Synonym):Corylopsis macrostachya Pamp.
      科屬(Family & Genus):金縷梅科Hamamelidaceae山白樹(shù)屬Sinowilsonia
      形態(tài)特征(Description):落葉灌木或小喬木,高約8米;嫩枝有灰黃色星狀絨毛;老枝禿凈,略有皮孔;芽體無(wú)鱗狀苞片,有星狀絨毛。葉紙質(zhì)或膜質(zhì),倒卵形,稀為橢圓形,長(zhǎng)10-18厘米,寬6-10厘米,先端急尖,基部圓形或微心形,稍不等側(cè),上面綠色,脈上略有毛,下面有柔毛;側(cè)脈7-9對(duì),第一對(duì)側(cè)脈有不強(qiáng)烈第2次分支側(cè)脈,在上面很明顯,在下面突起,網(wǎng)脈明顯;邊緣密生小齒突,葉柄長(zhǎng)8-15毫米,有星毛;托葉線形,長(zhǎng)8毫米,早落。雄花總狀花序無(wú)正常葉片,萼筒極短,萼齒匙形;雄蕊近于無(wú)柄,花絲極短,與萼齒基部合生,花藥2室,長(zhǎng)約1毫米。雌花穗狀花序長(zhǎng)6-8厘米,基部有1-2片葉子,花序柄長(zhǎng)3厘米,與花序軸均有星狀絨毛;苞片披針形,長(zhǎng)2毫米,小苞片窄披針形,長(zhǎng)1.5毫米,均有星狀絨毛;萼筒壺形,長(zhǎng)約3毫米,萼齒長(zhǎng)1.5毫米,均有星毛;退化雄蕊5個(gè),無(wú)正常發(fā)育的花藥,子房上位,有星毛,藏于萼筒內(nèi),花柱長(zhǎng)3-5毫米,突出萼筒外。果序長(zhǎng)10-20厘米,花序軸稍增厚,有不規(guī)則棱狀突起,被星狀絨毛。蒴果無(wú)柄,卵圓形,長(zhǎng)1厘米,先端尖,被灰黃色長(zhǎng)絲毛,宿存萼筒長(zhǎng)4-5毫米,被褐色星狀絨毛,與蒴果離生。種子長(zhǎng)8毫米,黑色,有光澤,種臍灰白色。
      分布(Distribution):分布于湖北、四川、河南,陜西及甘肅等省。
      用途(Use):FOC Vol. 9 Page 41
      Sinowilsonia henryi Hemsley, Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 29: t. 2817. 1906.
      山白樹(shù) shan bai shu | Hamamelidaceae  | Sinowilsonia
      Shrubs or small trees to 8 m tall. Stipules ca. 8 mm; petiole 0.8–1.5 cm; leaf blade 10–18 × 6–10.5 cm, base rounded to shallowly cordate, asymmetrical, margin entire or dentate, apex acute to shortly acuminate, lateral veins 7–9 on each side, abaxially prominent. Male inflorescences 6–8 cm, lacking basal leaves. Female inflorescences 6–8 cm, with 1 or 2 basal leaves; peduncle ca. 3 cm, pendent, 10–20 cm in fruit. Bracts lanceolate, ca. 2 mm; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, ca. 1.5 mm, stellately tomentose. Male flowers: anthers ca. 1 mm. Female flowers: sepals ca. 1.5 mm, stellately tomentose. Ovary stellately tomentose; styles 3–5 mm. Capsules sessile, ca. 10 mm, villous with gray-yellow hairs, apex acute; persistent floral cup 4–5 mm, stellately tomentose with yellow hairs, loose from capsules. Seeds ca. 8 mm. Fl. Mar–May, fr. Jun–Aug.
      Forests; 800--1500 m. Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan.
       


      (責(zé)任編輯:徐曄春)

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