Hand injuries Hand injuries – the commonest of all injuries – are important out of all proportion to their apparent severity, because of the need for perfect function. Nowhere else do painstaking evaluation, meticulous care and dedicated rehabilitation yield greater rewards. The outcome is often dependent upon the judgement of the doctor who first sees the patient. If there is skin damage the patient should be examined in a clean environment with the hand displayed on sterile drapes. A brief but searching history is obtained; often the mechanism of injury will suggest the type and severity of the trauma. The patient’s age, occupation and ‘handedness’ should be recorded. Superficial injuries and severe fractures are obvious, but deeper injuries are often poorly disclosed. It is important in the initial examination to assess the circulation, soft-tissue cover, bones, joints, nerves and tendons. X-rays should include at least three views (posteroanterior, lateral and oblique), and with finger injuries the individual digit must be x-rayed. ---from 《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》 重點詞匯整理: painstaking /?pe?nzte?k??/n. 辛苦;勤勉adj. 艱苦的;勤勉的;小心的 meticulous 美 /m??t?kj?l?s/adj. 一絲不茍的;小心翼翼的;拘泥小節(jié)的 dedicated rehabilitation 專門的康復(fù) dedicated /?ded?ke?t?d/adj. 專用的;專注的;獻身的v. 以…奉獻;把…用于(dedicate的過去式和過去分詞) yield /ji?ld/v. 出產(chǎn)(產(chǎn)品或作物);產(chǎn)出(效果、收益等);生息;屈服;放棄;停止爭論;給(車輛)讓路;(在外力、重壓等下)屈曲n. 產(chǎn)量;利潤,紅利率 sterile drapes無菌洞巾 sterile /?ster?l/adj. 不育的;無菌的;貧瘠的;不毛的;枯燥乏味的 drape /dre?p/vt. 用布簾覆蓋;使呈褶裥狀vi. 成褶皺狀垂下n. 窗簾;褶裥;手術(shù)洞巾 occupation /?ɑ?kju?pe??n/n. 職業(yè);占有;消遣;占有期 ‘handedness /?h?nd?dn?s/n. 左撇子(或右撇子)傾向;不對稱 digit /?d?d??t/n. 數(shù)字;手指或足趾;一指寬 百度翻譯: 手部受傷 手部損傷是所有損傷中最常見的一種,由于需要完美的功能,它與明顯的嚴重程度不成比例。在其他任何地方,艱苦的評估、細致的護理和專注的康復(fù)都不會帶來更大的回報。結(jié)果往往取決于第一次看病人的醫(yī)生的判斷。 如果有皮膚損傷,患者應(yīng)在干凈的環(huán)境中進行檢查,手放在無菌窗簾上。 一個簡短但有搜索性的病史;通常損傷機制會提示創(chuàng)傷的類型和嚴重程度。應(yīng)記錄患者的年齡、職業(yè)和“利手習(xí)慣”。 表面損傷和嚴重骨折是明顯的,但較深的損傷往往很少被發(fā)現(xiàn)。在初步檢查中,評估循環(huán)、軟組織覆蓋、骨骼、關(guān)節(jié)、神經(jīng)和肌腱是很重要的。 X光片應(yīng)至少包括三個角度(前、側(cè)和斜位),手指受傷時,必須對單個手指進行X光檢查。 |
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來自: 創(chuàng)骨英文 > 《待分類》