系列目錄2018年NC的一篇日本人群隊列文章:Germline pathogenic variants of 11 breast cancer genes in 7,051 Japanese patients and 11,241 controls 只關(guān)心了11個基因,文章關(guān)于Pathogenic germline variants的分析方法非常值得學(xué)習(xí)。 Therefore, to maintain consistency of variant annotation across the 11 hereditary breast cancer genes, we decided to use the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines3 to assess all 11 genes analyzed in this study.關(guān)于Pathogenic germline variants研究在7051 breast cancer cases and 11,241 controls隊列里面發(fā)現(xiàn)了1781 個germline variants,但是經(jīng)過注釋,也就244個是Pathogenic 的,剩余的356 as benignand 1181 as VUS 其中244個Pathogenic,可以分成 204 were disruptive, 38 were non-synonymous。 測序方法因為僅僅是檢測11個基因,本來以為上NGS的必要性不大,這里作者是根據(jù)Consensus CDS (CCDS)數(shù)據(jù)庫的11個基因組的全部轉(zhuǎn)錄本的外顯子序列,加上前后2個堿基,總共是48,716 bp ,使用的是 multiplex PCR-based target sequencing技術(shù),但是最后居然也是使用 2 × 150-bp paired-end reads on a HiSeq 2500 (Illumina) 測序策略,這里就不贅述。
這里作者判斷野生型,純合雜合突變并沒有采用2-8法則,而是 0 and 0.15, between 0.25 and 0.75, and between 0.85 and 1, we assigned homozygote of the reference allele, heterozygote, and homozygote of the alternative allele 越年輕的乳腺癌患者群體的Pathogenic germline比例越高很容易理解,因為有Pathogenic germline 突變,所以患癌癥風(fēng)險高,這樣的話,年輕乳腺癌患者群體當(dāng)然就傾向于是Pathogenic germline 突變導(dǎo)致的,而年老群體更有可能是sporadic突變(主要風(fēng)險因素的年齡) BRCA不愧是乳腺癌風(fēng)險之王雖然是大部分乳腺癌患者都是找不到明確的Pathogenic germline 突變,由上圖可知,即使是在年輕乳腺癌患者群體,也只有15%的患者有Pathogenic germline 突變,而這些突變集中于11個基因,因為研究者僅僅是篩查了這11個基因,可以看到BRCA1和BRCA2幾乎占到了一半以上的案例。 到這里,研究者的全部圖表就介紹完了,實在是以為樣本量太大,所以發(fā)表即可,并不需要太花哨的分析了。 |
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