學(xué)習(xí)反意疑問句要掌握3個(gè)基本要點(diǎn)，即否定形式必須縮寫，主語必須是人稱代詞，結(jié)構(gòu)為肯定 + 否定或否定 + 肯定，但應(yīng)用到各種語態(tài)和句型中卻有各種變化。反意疑問句，現(xiàn)將反意疑問句常見的考點(diǎn)歸納如下：
　　
　　一、考查陳述句的反意疑問句
　　1. 陳述部分的主語是指人的不定代詞everyone, everybody, someone, nobody, no one, none, anyone, somebody等時(shí), 反意疑問句中的主語通常用they（有時(shí)也用he）。例如：
　　Everyone here knows him well, doesn’t he?
　　Nobody could make him interested in politics, could they?
　　2. 陳述部分的主語是指物的不定代詞（everything, nothing, something, anything等）、名詞性從句、動(dòng)詞不定式短語或動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語用it。例如：
　　What you want to do is to finish your work before she comes, isn’t it？
　　Nothing serious happened, did it?
　　3. 陳述部分的主語是代詞these, those或名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，反意疑問句中的主語必須是they；當(dāng)主語是指示代詞this, that或單數(shù)名詞時(shí)，反意疑問句中的主語必須是it。例如:
　　Those are not their crops, are they?
　　This book belongs to Li ping, doesn’t it?
　　注意：主語是不定代詞one時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語用one。例如：
　　One should be ready to help others, shouldn’t one?
　　4. 陳述部分帶有few, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, nowhere, nothing, no one, nobody等表示否定或半否定意義的詞時(shí)，反意疑問句用肯定形式。注意：該句式的回答時(shí)的yes / no往往與中文意義相反，常譯為：不 / 對的。例如：
　　—You have never been to Beijing, have you?—Yes, they have. 你沒到過北京，對嗎？不，他們到過。
　　—Little food has been left, has it?
　　—No, it hasn’t. 沒有了食物了，對嗎？ 對的,沒有啦。
　　5. 陳述句部分的主謂語是I / We think(suppose, consider, believe, guess, expect, imagine等)或者I’m sure （We are sure， I’m afraid， I feel sure等） that + 賓語從句時(shí)，反意疑問句的主、謂語應(yīng)與賓語從句的主、謂語相一致。例如：I’m sure you will help me, won’t you?
　　We think they have finished their homework, haven’t they?
　　注意：賓語從句如果轉(zhuǎn)移了否定詞，反意疑問句部分要用肯定形式。例如：
　　I don’t think he is a doctor, is he?
　　6. 陳述句部分是由and (but, so, or等)連接兩個(gè)并列句時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語和謂語必須采用就近一致的原則；當(dāng)陳述部分是復(fù)合句時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語和謂語必須與主句保持一致。例如：
　　She is a doctor but her husband isn’t a doctor, is he?
　　They ran out of the room when they were in danger, didn’t they?
　　注意：當(dāng)陳述句部分由either ... or ...,not only ... but also ...， not ... but ..., neither ... nor ...等連接并列主語時(shí)，疑問部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。例如：
　　Neither you nor I am a teacher, are we?
　　7.陳述句部分帶有前綴un-, im-, in-, dis-的否定形容詞或有否定意義的動(dòng)詞fail, deny, miss, escape等時(shí)，此陳述句當(dāng)作肯定句看待，其后的反意疑問句仍用否定形式。例如：
　　The students failed to pass the examination, didn’t they?
　　It’s illegal to drive a car without a license, isn’t it?
　　8. 陳述部分是there be( live, lie, stand, remain, seem to 等)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，它的反意疑問句主語用there。例如：
　　There is something wrong with your bike, isn’t there?
　　There seems to be a heavy rain today, doesn’t there?
　　
　　二、考查含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子的反意疑問句
　　1. 陳述部分帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, dare，need， must（必須）, had better, would rather, would like和ought to等時(shí)，反意疑問句常用對應(yīng)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如：
　　He must study hard at English, mustn’t he?
　　You’d better go home now, hadn’t you?
　　2. 如果must表示“一定，肯定”的推測意義時(shí)，反意疑問句必須與must后面的動(dòng)詞相呼應(yīng)。例如：
　　You must be very tired, aren’t you?
　　They must have gone to the lecture, haven’t they?
　　Jack must have arrived here yesterday, didn’t he?
　　
　　三、考查祈使句子的反意疑問句
　　1. 肯定意義的祈使句的反意疑問句部份用will you，有時(shí)也可以用won’t you來表達(dá)。例如：
　　Go home now, will you?
　　Close the window, please, won’t you?
　　2. 否定意義的祈使句的反意疑問句部分只用will you。例如：
　　Don’t be late again, will you?
　　Never forget to pay your income tax, will you?
　　3. Let’s開頭的祈使句，在意義上包含談話的對方在內(nèi)，其反意疑問句部分往往用shall we；而Let us 開頭的祈使句，在意義上一般不包含談話的對方在內(nèi)，反意疑問部分句用will you。例如：
　Let us have a look at your new dictionary, will you?
　　Let’s have a look at your new dictionary, shall we?

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四、 考查在感嘆句子的反意疑問句
　　感嘆句的反意疑問句中的主語和動(dòng)詞應(yīng)根據(jù)具體內(nèi)容而定，但一律用否定式提問。例如：
　　What a clever girl, isn’t she?
　　How beautiful the flowers are, aren’t they?
　　五、考查特殊句式的反意疑問句
　　1.陳述部分是“I’m ...”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其后的反意疑問句用aren’t I。例如：
　　I am not seriously ill, aren’t I?
　　2. 陳述部分含有have（has, had）, dare,
　　need已經(jīng)成為實(shí)義（行為）動(dòng)詞時(shí)，反意疑問句用相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞提問。例如：
　　She doesn’t dare to go home alone, does she?
　　You had a delicious breakfast this morning, didn’t you?
　　3. 陳述部分是“I wish ...”時(shí)，反意疑問句用may I? 表示詢問或征求意見。例如：
　　I wish to be allowed to smoke here, may I?
　　4. 當(dāng)陳述句含有used to 時(shí)，反意疑問句用did（也可用used）：
　　He used to get up early, didn’t he / usedn’t he?
　　5. 當(dāng)陳述句是以so開頭的句式時(shí)，表明說話者已經(jīng)知道了答案，并非要對方回答，前后保持語意一致以確認(rèn)信息而已。例如：
　　So you don’t want to see the film, don’t you?
　　So he remembered to turn off the light when he left the room, did he？
　　【鞏固練習(xí)】
　　1. The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him,______ ?
　　A. did theyB. didn’t they
　　C. did itD. didn’t it
　　2. Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design digital camera,______ ?
　　 A. is heB. isn’t he
　　 C. doesn’t sheD. does she
　　3. Harry wouldn’t become a teacher if it hadn’t been for the training,______ ?
　　A. would heB. had it
　　 C. would itD. had he
　　4. I’m sure you’d better accept his offer, ____________?
　　A. hadn’t youB. wouldn’t you
　　C. shouldn’t youD. couldn’t you
　　5. —You must do as I tell you.
　　 —Oh, so I must,______ ?
　　A. should IB. ought I
　　C. mustn’t ID. must I
　　6. The women carrying babies, come in first,____________?
　　A. will youB. will they
　　C. don’t theyD. do you
　　7. What a good time we had at the party,____________?
　　A. hadn’t weB. didn’t we
　　C. had weD. did we
　　8. —Tom told me that he overslept this______ morning.
　　—Oh, he rarely used to oversleep,______ ?
　　A. usedn’t heB. use he
　　C. didn’t heD. did he
　　9. I don’t think he could have done such a stupid thing last night,______ ?
　　 A. do IB. could I
　　 C. did heD. has he
　　10. I told you that you shouldn’t waste your time playing the computer games,______ ?
　　 A. didn’t IB. did I
　　 C. should youD. shouldn’t you
　　11. She is unfit for the position,______ ?
　　 A. is sheB. isn’t she
　　 C. doesn’t sheD. does she
　　12. They need our help badly at the moment,____________ ?
　　A. needn’t theyB. need they
　　C. don’t theyD. do they
　　13. It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing,______ ?
　　 A. won’t weB. will we
　　 C. don’t weD. shall we
　　14. Frank is working late again. This is the first time this week he’s had to study late,______ ?
　　 A. isn’t heB. hasn’t it
　　 C. hasn’t heD. isn’t it
　　15. —Daddy’s forgot to post the letter again,____________ he?
　　 —I’m afraid he______ .
　　 A. has; hasB. isn’t; is
　　 C. hasn’t; hasD. has; hasn’t
　　16. They must have stayed at home on holiday,______ ?
　　 A. mustn’t theyB. haven’t they
　　 C. didn’t theyD. must they
　　17. There is little we can do about it,______ ?
　　 A. is thereB. can’t we
　　 C. isn’t thereD. can we
　　18. —The problem wasn’t difficult for him,______was it ?
　　 —______. He should have been given a ______ more difficult one.
　　A. No, it wasB. Yes, it was
　　C. Yes, it wasn’tD. No, it wasn’t
　　19. His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned,______ ?
　　 A. hadn’t sheB. had she
　　 C. didn’t sheD. did she
　　20. I am very interested in Mark Twain’s novels,______ ?
　　 A. aren’t IB. am not I
　　 C. aren’t youD. are you
　　 Keys: 1-5 DDAAC6-10 ABDCA
　　11-15 BCDDC16-20 BADCA