一、數(shù)與運(yùn)算

自然數(shù)：natural number

整數(shù)：integer

負(fù)整數(shù)：negative integer

正整數(shù)：positive integer

被除數(shù)：dividend

除數(shù)：divisor

商：quotient

余數(shù)：remainder

整數(shù)：integer

倍數(shù)：multiple

因數(shù)：factor

偶數(shù)；even number

奇數(shù)：odd number

個(gè)位：one′s place

素?cái)?shù)（質(zhì)數(shù)）：prime number

合數(shù)：composite number

素因數(shù)：prime factor

分解素因素：prime factorization

公因數(shù)：common factor

最大公因數(shù)：greatest common factor

互素：coprime(co-prime)

公倍數(shù)：common multiple

最小公倍數(shù)：least common multiple

總體：whole

平均分：divide equally

分?jǐn)?shù)：fraction

分子：numerator

分母：denominator

基本性質(zhì)：basic property

最簡分?jǐn)?shù)：simplest fraction

約分：reduction of a fraction

公分母：common denominator

最簡公分母：simplest common denominator

通分：reduce fractions to a common denomenator

加法：addition

減法；subtraction

真分?jǐn)?shù)：proper fraction

假分?jǐn)?shù)：improper fraction

帶分?jǐn)?shù)：mixed number

乘法：multiplication

除法：division

逆運(yùn)算：inverse operation

倒數(shù)：reciprocal

小數(shù)：decimal

循環(huán)小數(shù)：repeating decimal

循環(huán)節(jié)：repetend

四則混合運(yùn)算：arithmetic

比：ratio

比例：proportion

前項(xiàng)：antecedent

后項(xiàng)：consequent

比值：value of ratio

單位：unit

最簡整數(shù)比：simplest integer ratio

連比：continued ratio

項(xiàng)：term

外項(xiàng)：extremes

內(nèi)項(xiàng)：means

百分?jǐn)?shù)：percentage

百分號(hào)：percent sign

及格率：passing rate

合格率：FPY

增產(chǎn)率：rate of growth

出勤率：attendance rate

盈利率：profit rate

虧損率：loss rate

利息：interest

本金：capital

利率：interest rate

期數(shù)：period

本息和：capital and interest

正數(shù)：positive number

負(fù)數(shù)：negative number

有理數(shù)：rational number

符號(hào)：sign

非負(fù)數(shù)：non-negative number

原點(diǎn)：origin

數(shù)軸：number axis

正方向：positive direction

單位長度：unit length

相反數(shù)：opposite number

絕對值：absolute value

交換律：law of commutation

結(jié)合律：law of association

分配律：law of distribution

加法交換律：commuative law of addition

加法結(jié)合律：associative law of addition

乘法交換律：commutative law of multiplication

乘法結(jié)合律：associative law of multiplication

乘法分配律：distributive law of multiplication

底數(shù)：base number

指數(shù)：exponent

a的n次方：a to the power of n

混合運(yùn)算：mixed operation

小括號(hào)：round bracket

中括號(hào)：square bracket

大括號(hào)：curly bracket

近似數(shù)：approximate number

有效數(shù)字：significant figure

科學(xué)記數(shù)法：scientific notation

無理數(shù)：irrational number

正無理數(shù)：positive irrational number

負(fù)無理數(shù)：negative irrational number

數(shù)軸：number axis

對應(yīng)：correspondence

相反數(shù)：opposite number

絕對值：absolute value

距離：distance

法則：rule, law

乘方、冪：power

計(jì)算器：calculator

實(shí)數(shù)：real number

正實(shí)數(shù)：positive real number

負(fù)實(shí)數(shù)：negative real number

無限循環(huán)小數(shù)：infinite repeating decimal

無限不循環(huán)小數(shù)：infinite non-repeating decimal

一一對應(yīng)：one-to-one correspondence

平方根、二次方根：square root

被開方數(shù)：radicand

根指數(shù)：radical exponent

根號(hào)：radical sign

開平方：extraction of square root

算術(shù)平方根：arithmetic square root

立方根、三次方根：cube root

開立方：extraction of cubic root

n次方根：n-th root

有限小數(shù)：finite decimal

循環(huán)小數(shù)：recurring decimal

準(zhǔn)確數(shù)：exact value

近似值：approximation

分?jǐn)?shù)指數(shù)冪：fractional power

有理數(shù)指數(shù)冪：rational power

整數(shù)指數(shù)冪：integral power

正整數(shù)指數(shù)冪：positive integral power

負(fù)整數(shù)指數(shù)冪：negative integral power

實(shí)數(shù)指數(shù)冪：real power