真題再現(xiàn)（2017全國卷I）

假定你是李華，正在教你的英國朋友Leslie學習漢語。請你寫封郵件告知下次上課的計劃。內(nèi)容包括：

1. 時間和地點；

2. 內(nèi)容：學習唐詩；

3. 課前準備：簡要了解唐朝的歷史。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

解題步驟

第一步：認真審題

1. 審文體：這是一篇半開放式書面表達，要求寫一封郵件，屬于應用文。題目要求以李華的名義給其英國好友Leslie寫一封郵件，告知其下次漢語課的時間、地點、內(nèi)容及需要做的準備。

2. 審人稱：根據(jù)題目要求可知，此文以第一人稱和第二人稱為主。

3. 審時態(tài)：正文主要內(nèi)容為下次上課的計劃和安排及所需做的準備工作，所以時態(tài)以一般將來時為主。

4. 審內(nèi)容：根據(jù)題目要求，進行適當拓展，可提煉出五個要點，并把要點逐一展開。要點如下：

(1) 寫信目的：告知對方有關下次上課的信息；

(2) 上課時間和地點：下周五上午10:00，教學樓第8教室；

(3) 上課內(nèi)容：學習唐詩；

(4) 課前準備：了解唐朝的歷史；

(5) 結束語：期盼回復。

第二步：確定結構

根據(jù)要點提示，正文可以分為三段。第一段：表明寫信目的；第二段：告知對方下次漢語課的時間、地點、內(nèi)容及需要做的準備；第三段：期盼早日回復。

第三步：根據(jù)要點，列出相應表達

1. I’m writing to tell you about the course schedule of our next class, which is about poetry of the Tang Dynasty.

2. To start with, what I intend to stress is that we will have it in Classroom 8 of the Teaching Building at 10 a.m. next Friday.

3. It’s of great importance for you to read some materials about poetry of the Tang Dynasty.

4. You’d better know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which will help make the class go smoothly.

5. I hope you can reply to my letter early.

范文賞析

Dear Leslie,

How is everything going along with you? I’m writing to tell you about the course schedule of our next class, which is about poetry of the Tang Dynasty.

To start with, what I intend to stress is that we will have it in Classroom 8 of the Teaching Building at 10 a.m. next Friday. What’s more, it’s of great importance for you to read some materials about poetry of the Tang Dynasty. Besides, you’d better know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which will help make the class go smoothly.

I hope you can reply to my letter early.

Yours,

Li Hua

【點評】

這篇范文主題明確，要點齊全，思路清晰。文章語言標準、地道，語意通順、連貫，措辭優(yōu)美，句式變換多樣。

短文中使用的較高級的詞匯有intend to, in advance, smoothly等；使用名詞性從句what I intend to stress作主語，起到了強調(diào)的作用；it’s of great importance使用了it作形式主語；which is about poetry of the Tang Dynasty及which will help make the class go smoothly中which引導非限制性定語從句；to start with, what’s more, besides等銜接詞的使用使文章更加流暢。

總之，整篇文章段落分明，表達準確，是一篇優(yōu)秀的范文。

獲得高分作文的要素

1. 內(nèi)容切題，即嚴格按照題目規(guī)定的要求來寫作；

2. 表達清楚，即觀點鮮明，內(nèi)容積極向上，意思完整，論證充分，首尾呼應；

3. 語意連貫，即文字通順，銜接自然，文章思路清晰；

4. 句式多樣，即語句靈活多變，自然得體；

5. 表述正確，即句子結構和用詞無錯誤；

6. 卷面整潔，即書寫規(guī)范，美觀大方。

寫作技巧點撥

(一) 應用文寫作指導

應用文是人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪袕V泛使用的文體。它最突出的特點是它的實用性，常用的應用文包括書信、通知、日記、海報、便條、啟事、發(fā)言稿等。應用文寫作應該注意以下幾點：

1. 語言要規(guī)范、準確、簡潔，句子不宜過長。

2. 根據(jù)不同的文體采用不同的人稱和時態(tài)，如日記采用第一人稱，且多用一般過去時；通知多采用將來時和一般現(xiàn)在時，書面通知多使用第三人稱。

3. 準確把握格式，不同的應用文要采用不同的格式，如通知一般包括三部分，即標題、正文和落款。

4. 不同的應用文都有一些特定的習慣表達，考生應該熟練掌握。常見的表達如下：

(1) I’m glad/delighted that I have received your letter.

(2) It is / has been … since …

(3) Learning from … that …, I would like to …

(4) How are you getting on/along with …?

(5) I received your letter on …, in which you told me …

(6) If you need help, please don’t hesitate to let me know.

(7) I’m looking forward to your early reply.

(8) I would appreciate it if …

(9) Best regards/wishes to you.

(10) I hope that you’ll have fun / enjoy yourself / have a wonderful time.

(二) 提綱類寫作指導

提綱類書面表達是近幾年高考英語書面表達的常見題型。命題者通常把提綱作文與其他常用文體形式（如書信、新聞報道、通知、日記、發(fā)言稿等）有機結合在一起進行考查。

1. 提綱類作文對考生思路和文章寫作范圍做了明確限定，它把要求的情景和內(nèi)容分成塊，以條目的形式列出，要求考生據(jù)此進行寫作。行文時，試題要求中所列舉的要點要全部涉及到。

2. 提綱類書面表達具有一定的靈活性，為了提高文章檔次，考生應在保證內(nèi)容要點齊全的同時進行合理而又緊扣主題的發(fā)揮。

3．提綱類作文的寫作步驟一般分為：審題，確定寫作中心，明確文體形式、人稱及主要時態(tài)，并合理分段；構思，根據(jù)提綱全面構思文章內(nèi)容，列出要點，構思詞語和句型結構，并確定寫作順序，要注意詳略得當，重點突出；寫作完稿，根據(jù)要點及構思的詞語和句型結構，連句成文。

常用句型：

(1) 祈使句：Please allow me to tell you something before you read this book.

(2) 感嘆句：What beautiful flowers they are!

How delicious these cakes are!

(3) 倒裝句：Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man.

(4) it作形式主語或賓語：It is no use trying to argue with him.

I would appreciate it if you could come to my birthday party.

(5) 并列句：You are a good student and we should believe in you.

(6) 強調(diào)句：It was Mr. Wang that saved the drowning boy.

(7) 非謂語動詞短語：We wasted a whole afternoon trying to repair the car.

(8) with+復合賓語：A terrible accident happened

yesterday, with nine people killed and eighty injured.

(9) there be句型：There is going to be a basketball

match between Class 1 and Class 2 tomorrow.

(10) 定語從句：Those who study there are mostly disabled children.

(11) 狀語從句：I’ll write to you when I hear from her.

(12) 名詞性從句：I admitted that I had been wrong.